Environmental Studies
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- Item“Assessment of Radiation Protection Awareness, Policies and Practices among Palestinian Radiographers in Governmental Hospitals-Palestine(AL-Quds University, 2018-05-19) محمد سعيد محمد حسان; Mohammad Saeed Mohammad Hassan; عدنان اللحام; Mohammad Hjouj; Mohammad Jamal
- ItemBreast Radiation Doses and Cancer Risk From Female Chest CT Scans in Palestine(AL-Quds University, 2017-05-07) صالح احمد صالح كميل; saleh ahmad saleh kameel; عدنان اللحام; Adnan Judeh; Hussein Almasri
- ItemDetection Of Helicobacter Pylori DNA In Water Samples In Palestine(AL-Quds University, 2007-01-17) ليندا عبد الحليم عطا عطية; Linda Abed-Elhaleem Atta Atteyeh; ميساء العزة; عامر مرعي; Sameer Barghouthi; Musa Hindiyeh
- ItemEnvironmental and Genetic Risk Factors for Pediatric Asthma in East Jerusalem / Palestine(AL-Quds University, 2007-06-10) كفايه جمعه حامد حامد; KEFAYA JUMA HAMED HAMED; غسان بعلوشة; Dr. Lina El-Khairy; Dr.Hisham DarweeshPediatric asthma is a serious illness that poses tremendous stress on patients and their families alike. Unfortunately the disease's incidence is on a rise worldwide. Pediatric asthma is a chronic disease affecting the small bronchi leading to inflammation with subsequent edema and hypersecretion resulting in narrowing of the lumen demonstrated in cough, dyspnea and wheezes. Pollution, cigarette smoke, dust mite, domestic animal and extreme weather conditions are considered causative and triggering factors. Genetic factors play critical role in respiratory hypersensitivity also identified to be an important risk factor in pediatric asthma. Children are primary victims, being exposed, early on in life, to thousands of attacks of acute severe asthma and requiring hospital referral. The study aims was to identify the most prevalent environmental - genetic risk factors that affect pediatric asthma in east Jerusalem/ Palestine. The sample size consists of 300 children from East Jerusalem between 5 and 16 years old. One hundred patients represent bronchial asthma ,case and 200 with other diseases. The purposive sample is taken from four medical centers in East Jerusalem and two major medical institution ,Al- Makassed Islamic Charitable Hospital and Augusta Victoria Hospital (AVH). The study was approved by the scientific research committee at Al –Quds University, and a permission to conduct the study from the administration of Al- Makassed Islamic Charitable center, the Arab medical health center, the American medical center and from the Palestinian ministry of health center also along with permission from AVH and Makassed Islamic Charitable Hospital was obtained The Alpha 1 Antitrypsin genotype was perform for 50% of the samples (50 case, 100 control) in addition 300 questionnaire was distributed for 300 families of children selected in the study area . Pearson chi square was used to check the association of environmental risk factors that affect pediatric asthma in east Jerusalem Palestine. Result of the study demonstrate that there is a strong association between pediatric asthma and the presence of domestic animal in home , second hand smoking, and family history of asthma is strongly related to asthma .on the other hand genetic risk factor is poorly associated with asthma among children in east Jerusalem /Palestine.
- ItemFourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy as an aid for The determination of Cyanobacteria in surface water In Jericho.(AL-Quds University, 2007-06-09) نهى حجازي محمد حجازي; NUHA HIJAZI MOHD HIJAZI; معتز القطب; عامر مرعيThe aim of this investigation is to study the possibility of using FTIR spectroscopy for monitoring water quality. Water samples from three sampling sites were collected; monthly samples around the year (January 2006 till January 2007) were collected from site I (Jericho Aquaculture pond) one sample from site II (Jericho agriculture pond). While one sample was collected from sampling site III which was Sulaiman pond. All of these samples have been screened by the microscope for any presented microorganisms. Microscope results showed that all water sample collected from site I and site II contain Oscillatoria (cyanobacteria), which was dominant all over the year in site I and in site II. This dominance is mainly due to high nutrient levels in Jericho aquaculture in addition to the environmental conditions that are suitable for this microorganism. In the water sample that was collected from site III no Oscillatoria was presented, but few types of invertebrates and other types of microorganisms. To check the validity of FTIR in determining the type and amount of these microorganisms all water samples have been checked by FTIR . Results of FTIR showed Oscillatoria fingerprint in all samples collected from site I and site II. A different fingerprint was obtained for sample from site III. A standard of Oscillatoria was prepared to compare results with, Oscillatoria standard spectrum was identical to all spectra of samples collected from site I and site II, but completely different fingerprints for site III. In the quantitative test: in order to study the optimization of FTIR in Quantitative analysis of microorganisms. The same water sample that was containing Oscillatoria was exposed to sunlight to enhance Oscillatoria growth for one week. Daily water sample with about 100ml volume of water was filtered. All dry samples collected on the filter paper were milled and prepared as Kbr disks for FTIR analysis. FTIR showed that when the quantity of Oscillatoria was increased (proliferation enhanced by continues exposure to sunlight) the absorbance was increased (Transmittance was decreased) which reflect the suitability of FTIR in quantitative determination of these microorganisms. Various porosity filter papers was used in another investigation the effect of the porosity of filter paper on the diversity of microorganism presented in water samples. Results showed that Oscillatoria fingerprints were clearly identified. The results of these investigations show that FTIR is very accurate in determination of water quality because it can determine type and amount of microorganism found in water, early determination of water quality will lead to sustainable critical water resources. A rapid inexpensive method for water quality determination like FTIR is strongly recommended.
- Itemradium isotopes concentration in groundwater of Bethlehem- Hebron districts(AL-Quds University, 2010-05-10) ريتا نجيب ابراهيم الياس; Rita Najeeb Ibrahim Elias; عامر مرعي; jawad hassan; saed al- khayat
- ItemSubstituting protein sources for Tilapia with local food ingredients, a first step for introducing its culture in Palestine(AL-Quds University, 2007-06-16) شيرين زكريا علي شهاب; SHEREEN ZAKAREA ALI SHIHAB; معتز القطب; Hassan Dweik; Renata Mashal
- Itemاختبار فعالية استخدام نظام الدسك المتحرك الدائري الغاطس جزئيا لممعالجة البيولوجية(AL-Quds University, 2007-10-05) عبد الله عدنان شريف أبو كشك; Abdallah Adnan Shareef Abu Kishk; عامر مرعي; Oliver Bederski; لا يوجدDepletion of water resources including deterioration of water quality in Palestine is a very important environmental theme that requires direct and urgent measures. Average per capita water use is among the lowest in the world (60L/C/D) and the average cost of making water available to the public is among the highest (20 NIS/CM). Moreover, groundwater resources are rapidly deteriorated for different reasons; one is due to the infiltration of untreated wastewater that influencing directly the quality and availability of this scarce and essential resource. Moreover, lack of wastewater management has a direct impact on problems related to public health, marine and coastal pollution in Gaza, deterioration of nature and biodiversity as well as landscape and aesthetic distortion. In spite of the fact that Israel prevent the construction of wastewater treatment facilities it still imposes penalties on the Palestinian Water Authority accusing Palestinians of deteriorating the environment. Due to water scarcity and high population growth in Palestine 3.75 %, water is becoming an increasingly scarce resource and planners are forced to consider any sources of water which might be used economically and effectively to promote further development. In this study, the feasibility of using partially submerged rotating contact reactor followed by horizontal subsurface flow soil filter constructed wetland for the treatment of domestic raw wastewater in the study site Langenreichenbach (Saxony), and the feasibility to transfer the technique to Palestine was investigated. The performance of a rotating biological contactor (RBC) followed by horizontal soil filter (HSF) due to high strength raw wastewater treatment application in the treatment pilot plant Langenreichenbach was the subject of this study. The selection of rotating biological contactor (RBC) to pre- treat the influent of horizontal soil filter constructed wetland (HSF), was due to its proved efficiency of high COD and nitrification removal, while using the HSF as demonstrated tertiary treatment for hygienic removal. In addition, taking in consideration the cost effective of such combination system appealed for developing countries. Effects of major process variables such as COD concentration and loading rate, ammonia concentration and loading rate in addition to constant feeding wastewater flow rate on the rate of COD removal, nitrification and nutrients removal efficiency were investigated. The reduction of parasitical load was also investigated. The system was operated under three different condition phases (Initial, Phase1 and Phase 2), where the third operation (Phase2) was the targeted phase with 109 L/h feeding rate. HSF was put into operation on 23/6/2006 and the mode at this was continues flow with loading rate (60 L/m².d = 14 L/h). HSF adapted to work under phase2 operation conditions where average SS concentration inflow into HSF was at the lowest level during this operation phase. The results obtained reflected the high purification level achieved within such combination system that the final effluent met the German and Palestinian (Class A) standard for reuse treated wastewater in irrigation purposes. Recommendations drawn from the results, presented that composite sample must take place to present the raw wastewater influent. However, raw wastewater must be properly pretreated to eliminate the SS and to avoid the excessive sludge at the RBC effluent, as iv well as proper and well designed ST must take place after RBC system to eliminate SS to allowable concentration for HSF influent.
- Itemازالة المايكروبات من مياه الصرف الصحي باستخدام تقنية الاغشية(AL-Quds University, 2011-01-23) ريناد موسى ذياب صالح; Rinad Mousa Deab Saleh; جهاد عبادي; مصطفى خميس; معتز القطب; مروان غانم
- Itemاستخدام المياه المالحة الناتجة من وحدات تحلية المياه في المناطق الفلسطينية لتربية الاسماك البحرية(AL-Quds University, 2013-05-25) رأفت عبد الحميد ابراهيم قباجة; Rafat Abdelhameed Ibraheem QAbaja; معتز القطب; عدنان شقير; عامر مرعي
- Itemالاستعدادات المستحلبات الدقيقة (المرحلة الوسطى) لمعالجة المياه الجوفية(AL-Quds University, 2009-01-27) هديه انور محمد امين عنايه; Hadiyah Anwar Mohammad Ameen Inaya; ابراهيم الكيالي; خالد كنعان; شحدة جودة
- Itemالأثر البيئي لاستعمال المياه المعالجة مغناطيسياً في ريّ محاصيل الأعشاب في منطقة غور الأردن(AL-Quds University, 2019-03-10) مرام هشام خميس بصيله; Maram H. K. Basila; د. عامر مرعي; د. معتز قطب; د. سائد خياط
- Itemالبصل البري(AL-Quds University, 2008-06-10) ناريمان عودة دياب عيسى; NARIMAN OUDEH DIAB ESSA; عامر مرعي; GHADEER OMAR; Dr. Mutaz El-Qotub; Dr. Raed AlkowniIn the Palestinian context, there’s no in depth studies deal with this field except the Palestina Flora. This study was published in 1984, and tackled almost all wild plants species in the historic Palestine. The present study was carried out in four agro-ecological zones in the West Bank, an in-depth field survey was carried out in the semi-coastal lands, high central lands, eastern slope and arid areas, between March 2007 to July of the same year. The study’s objective is to seek the wild Allium species and to study the detecting species in terms of their diversity, abundances, and morphological features. The main findings of this study were as follows; ten wild Allium species were detected in the different agro-ecological zones in the West Bank. The detected species are: A. ampeloprasum, A. phanerantherum, A. hierochuntinum, A. paniculatum, A. pallens, A. desertorum, A. stamineum, A. neapolitanum, A. negevense and A. schubertii. Also, the study findings revealed and stressed on the differences among wild Allium species in terms of abundances in the studied areas. For instance, A. ampeloprasum and A. stamineum were the most dominant species in the studied areas while A. negevense and A. schubertii were the less dominant species comparing to the others found species. Furthermore, 95 specimens of different Allium species were collected, dried, poisoned, and mounted at the Life Science’s Laboratory in An- Najah National University. A special taxonomy key was set up for the detected wild Allium species as well. IV Finally, the study areas are rich in the wild Allium species as they are available, diversified and dominantly existing in the West Bank areas. However, the wild Allium species need more in-depth researches, investigations and studies, as to be conserved, developed and managed in a sustainable manner as a promising and vulnerable subsector.
- Itemالتأثيرات الموسمية و المكانية على امكانية تشكل الهالومثانات في الابار الجوفية في طولكرم و الخليل, فلسطين(AL-Quds University, 2016-12-19) لميس موسى محمد قديمات; lamis mosa mohammed Qdymat; عامر كنعان; د. مهند قريع; د. صبحي سمحان
- Itemالتحريات الجيوكهربائية لموقع التغذية الاصطناعي للمياه الجوفية في الجفتلك / وادي الفارعة(AL-Quds University, 2008-09-13) اسامة خالد عبد المجيد بحر; osama khaled abdul majid bahar; عامر مرعي; د. عبد الرحمن تميمي; د. سعيد الخياطAl-Faria watershed is located in the northeastern region of the West Bank. The watershed extends for 30 km from Nablus in the west to the Jordan River in the east, with area of 331 km2 .Wadi Al-Faria area is considered an important agricultural resource in Palestine. Fresh water is scarce in Palestine, and especially in Al-Faria area. Since more than three million cubic meters of fresh water flow in the Wadi during winter months, the idea of this research is to store this good quality fresh water in underground with minimum negative quality impact and to make it possible for extraction during summer time when demand reach the highest peak. Through Vertical Resistivity Sounding, the underground lithological profile with a depth up to 150 m is constructed. The investigated site locates in the lower part of Al-Jiftlik area, and cover an area of 1.5 k 2m. A gravel layer with 20 m thick, and located by 20 m depth, with total volume of 30X106 cm could be to store 8-10 mcm. Deep infiltration ponds or injection wells are recommended to be used in ground water artificial recharge because of low hydraulic conductivity ( 38.9 x10-6 m/s) that dominate the soil cover and remnants of Lisan formation, which locate in some locations very close to the surface which could influence the quality of infiltrated water through this method. The hydrochemistry of the groundwater of the area shoes its un suitability for domestic purposes, since it's EC is very high (≈4.0 mS/cm), and the chloride concentration is range between 700 and 1000mg/L
- Itemالتحقيق في إمكانيات النفايات الصلبة البلدية في فرص الطاقة في الضفة الغربية - مدينة الخليل(AL-Quds University, 2011-09-27) مهند عبدالله محمد نصار; MOHANAD ABDULLAH MOHAMED NASSAR; عماد الخطيب; جواد حسان; Zuhdi SalhabThis research focuses on identifying, quantitatively and qualitatively, the waste-to-energy potential by quantifying amount and composition of municipal solid waste generated in a densely urban area located in Hebron city. Samples are collected and used in accordance to American Society for Testing and Materials standard procedure at the laboratories of the Renewable Energy and Environment Research Unit of the Palestine Polytechnic University. Experimental studies are done on representative samples to identify its thermal properties (Gross and Net Calorific Values) in addition to proximate analysis (Moisture Content, Volatile Matter, Ash Content and Fixed Carbon ) are carried out to identify the other relevant properties. Experimentally, identified properties are found in good agreement with same properties found in relevant literature. Values that describe the MSW characteristics agreed well with those of developing countries, i.e. food waste stream were found to be the largest stream composing more than 60% of the overall waste. Plastic streams come second with more than 10%. Calorific values for food waste, plastics, paper and cardboard, textile and wood are found to be 16, 39, 17, 15, and 18 MJ/kg respectively. The heat content of a 100 kg of MSW contains 84.2 kg of Combustible MSW streams which is energy terms equals 2672 kWh (962 MJ). This is considered high energy potential. The research enabled identification of proximate properties including moisture content, volatile matter, ash content, and fixed carbon. These identified properties are prerequisite for any mathematical model that may be used in the future for further study energy generation options. On the basis of generated municipal solid waste and in particular combustible waste streams, waste-to-energy system may provide an opportunity for Palestinians to enhance the previous method to get the advantage of incineration. Moreover; it is recommended to conduct thorough technical and financial feasibilities on the best incineration system that suits Palestine.
- Itemالتركيب الكيميائي (العناصر الرئيسية والنزرة والترابية النادرة) والمعدني للتربة الجبلية في منطقة البحر المتوسط كمؤشر لمصادر التربة وتكوينها في فلسطين(AL-Quds University, 2017-01-08) محمود صلاح الدين عزيز زيد; mahmoud Salahdeen Aziz Zaid; معتز القطب; Amer Marie; Ayman MohsenThe purpose of this study was to explore the pedogenesis processes and to examine the source (parent material) of Mediterranean mountain soil; especially Terra Rossa, Rendzina and other associated soils through chemical (major, trace and Rare Earth Elements (REEs)), grain size and mineralogical compositions. Forty soil samples were collected form 13 pedons from different areas in Palestine that represent different soil types, lithology, elevation and precipitation along a climatic transect to demonstrate variability between south, north sections and west east transects. The north section around Nablus consists of: western and eastern transect. The western one in turn consists of Qusin pedon which was Terra Rossa, and Bait Eba pedon which was Rendzina. While the eastern one in turn consists of Tubas pedon which was Rendzina, and Tayaseer pedon which was Terra Rossa. The south section, which was Bethlehem and Jerusalem mountains, consists of: western and eastern transect, the western one in turn consists of Battir1, Battir2 and AlQbu, which is Karstic, pedons which were Terra Rossa, while Ishwa and Ishwa (the road) pedons which were Rendzina soil. In other hand, the eastern one in turn consists of Teqo’a east and Teqo’a west pedons which were Terra Rossa, While Beit Sahour and Bayth Ta'amar pedons which were Rendzina. Two dust samples from Al-Quds University and seven rock samples from different pedons were collected also. From grain size, chemical compositions (major, trace and REEs), and mineralogical compositions results, dust was found to be the dominant parent material in studied soils. Leaching was dependent on rainfall amount and bedrock and soil permeability. Ca, Sr and U elements leached more than these trace elements Fe, K, Mg, Na, Al, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Rb, Sb, V, Zn and Zr and REEs. Some Terra Rossa samples were alike Typical Terra Rossa but with relatively high calcite content but mineralogical and chemical characteristics were similar to Pale Rendzina as in Qusin pedon. On the other hand, Brown Rendzina resembles Typical Terra Rossa as in Beit Sahour and Bayth Ta'amar pedons. The east transect samples leached less than the western, but the difference in leaching was low. Battir 2 profile has two soil layers deep layer, layers were composed of one on top of the other IV Dust samples were polluted with these trace elements Al, Cu, Pb, Sb and Zn, and this may be due to industrial or construction sources. Vanadium element found to be affected by rain and this is similar to Aluminum which considered to be well retained in soil. A baseline of grain size, major and trace elements, REEs and minerals was added to soil science in Palestine in general and Mediterranean virgin mountain soil (Terra Rossa and Rendzina).
- Itemالتركيب الهيدروكيمياءي للمياه الجوفية في اريحا(AL-Quds University, 2005-09-11) محمد رشدي محمد الجندي; Mohammad Rushdi Mohammad Al-Jundi; عمر مرعي; Qasem Abdul-Jaber; Marwan GhanemDuring the last two years 30 groundwater samples were collected from Jericho in addition of 37 surface water samples were collected from flood water of Wadi AlQuilt and five samples from its channel, Chloride content of floodwater collected during the rainy months of 2003 has an average of 37.05 mg/L and the Na/Cl ratio is 0.83 which is close to the ratio in the rainwater. The SO4-2 and the NO3- concentrations are less than 1.0 mg/L. A small increase in Ca+2 contents with an increase in HCO3 - was noticed during the flood took place during March 2003 which indicate a relative long duration time of water in the soil horizon. The Ca+2 , Mg+2 content are parallel to each other indicating that they are originated from the same source which is carbonate rocks, while the Ca+2 is higher than Mg+2 that is related to the dominant of Limestone in the rock than dolomite. The Na/Cl ratio in all surface water samples is less than the ratio of Na/Cl in wastewater in the region which is 1, and closed to the ratio of rainwater 0.86, meaning that the influent of human activity in the catchments area is limited. The groundwater mixing interpretation shows that there is a high percentage of surface water infiltration into the groundwater reservoir and the ratios from surface water input to the groundwater ranging between 70 % up to 100 % in the western part of Jericho area and decreases eastward and far away from Wadi Al-Quilt and reach 20 % - 10 %, this conclusion conceder by the chemical results of the ground water samples, which show a low content of chloride 260 mg/L in the western part, and increased to 1700 mg/L in the eastern part, in the same direction the electrical conductivity ranging from 1400 s/cm up to 6800 s/cm toward the east, Na + ,Ca+2 concentration increasing from 140 mg/L up to 940 mg/L, 65 mg/L up to 200 mg/L respectively in the east. In the other hand the tritium content rebut this theoretical mixing due to the high content of tritium in the groundwater samples which is parallel to the increasing of salinity toward the east, this mean the traveling time of the flooding water is very short but enough to dissolute the minerals of the Lisan formation as a result the groundwater quality is degraded, and utilized the use of the available water for both domestic and agricultural activities.
- Itemالتعرض الشخصي للأشعاعات الراديوية في الضفة الغربية-فلسطين(AL-Quds University, 2017-05-10) هيثم محمود علي عياد; Haitham Mahmoud Ali Ayyad; عدنان اللحام; Amer Kanan; Adnan Judeh
- Itemالحوض المائي مارسابا (الفشخة)(AL-Quds University, 2016-05-05) مي موفق محمد رحال; Mayy Mowaffaq Mohammad Rahhal; جواد شقير; عامر مرعي; صبحي سمعان