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Treatment of Olive Mill Wastewater (OMWW) Using Variable Coagulants with super Flocculants
(Al-Quds University, 2018-05-06) Jamila Zhran Ibrahim Zhran; جميلة زهران إبراهيم زهران
Olive mill wastewater (OMWW) management has been a major issue of environmental concern for olive oil producing countries. In Palestine, the problem of untreated OMWW discharge is urgent. Several hundred thousand cubic meters of untreated WW is discharged into open areas (wadies) and cesspools whereas the solid waste (olive husk) is dumped into lands nearby the olive mills without treatment. This increases the risk of contaminating soil, surface water resources, and groundwater aquifers. The negative environmental impact of OMWW is attributed to poor biodegradation and toxicity of polyphenols present in OMWW.
In this study, sample of OMWW were collected in October 2016 from Al-Qubayba village in the middle part of west bank (north western of Jerusalem), the level of pollution and their impact on the environment has been determined by measuring physical and chemical properties of OMWW such as: COD, pH, EC, TDS, TSS, TPs. The results revealed that the OMWW have a high risk on environment due to the high phenols concentration that exceeds the maximum allowable limits for discharge to environment or to the sanitary sewer system according to Palestinian standards.
The treatment of olive mill wastewater (OMWW) by means of coagulation–flocculation coupling various inorganic materials in different dose and organic polyacrylamide (PAM) was investigated. With respect to their efficiency in terms of total phenols removal and the effect of OMWW application on soil water drop penetration time test (WDPT).
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Topical Tenoxicam Microemulsion and Co-crystal
(Al-Quds University, 2019-11-17) Maha Mohammad Mosa Othman; مها محمد موسى عثمان
This research targets to form a-topical Tenoxicam microemulsion by using different combinations of lower amount of Tweens to stabilize the system. In this work, sugar surfactant is used, such as Tween 80 (Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate). Also, co-surfactant with short chain of alcohol like propylene glycol is used. The oil phase used is castor oil and oleic acid. The aqueous phase used is the Tenoxicam dissolved in 0.1NNaOH (water phase). Moreover, the study aims to prepare a co-crystal of Tenoxicam as the active pharmaceutical ingredient, by using different co-solvents.
In this work, we studied at various temperature 25, 37 and 45°C, the impact of adding different amounts of surfactants on the phase behaviour of the suggested system like Tween 80. On other hand, it showed the effect of co-surfactant used (propylene glycol) on the phase behaviour. Propylene glycol is used as tuning parameter for all ingredients and clearly contributes in forming the microemulsion. The phase behaviour started as clear, isotropic microemulsion upon the addition of as low as 4% water. This was analysed by visual inspection and cross polarizer and dynamic light scattering. Lastly, this study indicates a successful development of microemulsion formulations of Tenoxicam with optimum characteristics.
In this research a study of co- crystallization with different diacids in various solvents were done by using grinding techniques. The co-crystals produced here studied by using Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy (FTIR), determination of the melting point and solubility. The melting point of co-crystal changed to lower than pure Tenoxicam. The co-crystals solubility showed a wide change from practically insoluble in water to soluble
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Maternal Satisfaction Level with Delivery Services And Associated Factors At Non-Govermental Hebron Hospitals
(Al-Quds University, 2023-01-09) Ala' Imad Mohammad Eid; الاء عماد محمد عيد
يعتبر رضا الأمهات مؤشرا ومعيارا مهما لتقييم الرعاية الصحية وجودة الرعاية التمريضية. يعد تقييم الرضا عن خدمات رعاية الأمومة أمرًا ضروريًا ويلعب دورًا مهمًا في الاستخدام المستقبلي لخدمة الرعاية الصحية. علاوة على ذلك، يمكن تقييم رعاية التوليد على أنها آمنة ومحترمة وميسورة التكلفة عندما يفهم مقدمو الرعاية منظور المرأة واحتياجاتها أثناء الولادة وعندما يعالجونها كجزء من برنامج تحسين الجودة. الهدف من الدراسة. معرفة مدى رضا الأمهات بعد الولادة عن خدمات الرعاية المقدمة للأم بعد الولادة في مستشفيات الخليل الغير حكومية. الطريقة المستخدمة في الدراسة. تم استخدام البحث الكمي / المقطعي في ثلاثة مستشفيات غير حكومية في الخليل ، فلسطين. تم اختيار عينة بحث مكونة من 250 من الأمهات بعد الولادة للدراسة بشكل ملائم مع استخدام استبيان منظم. تم تحليل وتفسير النتائج بمساعدة الإحصاء الوصفي والاستنتاجي. نتائج الدراسة. بينت الدراسة أن (50.8٪) من الأمهات راضيات عن خدمة الولادة بينما (49.2٪) غير راضيات. لقد أبدت الأمهات ارتياحًا كبيرًا تجاه الجوانب المتعلقة بالمهنيين الصحيين، والرعاية التمريضية في المخاض، والمعلومات والمشاركة في صنع القرار، ورعاية ما بعد الولادة ، وغرف المستشفيات، ومرافق المستشفى، واحترام الخصوصية وتلبية التوقعات الافتراضية. من ناحية أخرى ، كانت الأمهات أقل رضا تجاه جوانب الراحة والالتقاء بالطفل. لم يكن هناك ارتباط ذي دلالة إحصائية بين الخصائص الاجتماعية والديموغرافية ورضا الأمهات. فيما يتعلق بالخصائص التوليدية للأمهات ، فقد زاد رضا الأمهات بالزيارة المنتظمة لعيادات الرعاية السابقة للولادة. استنتاج. فقط نصف الأمهات كن راضيات عن خدمة التوصيل. يحتاج مقدمو الرعاية الصحية إلى فهم كامل لاحتياجات الأمهات.
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The Relationship Among Test-Anxiety, Attitudes Toward the English Language and Achievement Among UNRWA College Students (Men And Women) at Ramallah District
(Al-Quds University, 2000-12-10) Widad Mohammed Mousa; وداد محمد موسى
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The Relationship between Leader-Member Exchange, Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Organizational Commitment among UNRWA Health Staff- Gaza Governorates
(Al-Quds University, 2016-05-10) Tamer Fuad El Shaer; تامر فؤاد الشاعر