Policies & Health Management
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- Itemdeterminants of oral health behaviors among adolescents in jerusalem(Al-Quds University, 2013-06-02) Heba Mohammed Al Kafrawe; هبة محمد الكفراوي
- Itemجودة خدمات الرعاية الصحية المقدمة بمجمع الشفاء الطبي بقطاع غزة( Alquds University, 2022-12-17) خالد اسحق عبد القادر السلطي; Khalid Ishaq Abd Alqader Al Saltyملخص إن أساس أداء المستشفى هو الكفاءة المهنية في المعرفة العلمية لطرق التطبيق والتقنيات الحديثة والقدرات المتاحة. كما يوفر تقييم أداء الخدمات الطبية أساسًا لاتخاذ قرارات عقلانية وتحسين الخدمة. علاوة على ذلك، فإن تقييم الجودة السريرية للرعاية الصحية يطرح العديد من التحديات المفاهيمية والعملية. وأيضاً يتطلب قاعدة أدلة قوية، يمكن أن تكون بمثابة معيار لتقييم التدخلات. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم جودة خدمات الرعاية الصحية المقدمة في مجمع الشفاء الطبي في قطاع غزة. وتصميم هذه الدراسة كان (كمي ونوعي) لتقييم جودة الخدمات الصحية بأقسام الباطنة والجراحة في مجمع الشفاء الطبي باستخدام مؤشرات منظمة الصحة العالميةPAHT. ولقد تم اختيار العينة بواسطة عينة عشوائية طبقية الاحتمال. تتكون العينة من أربعة عينات طبقية: العينة الطبقية الأولي للمرضى الداخليين المبيتين من مختلف الأجنحة، الباطنة والجراحة، وبتشخيصات مرضية مختلفة، والذين خرجوا من المستشفى خلال فترة الدراسة؛ والعينة الطبقية الثانية هو لمقدمي الرعاية الصحية (الأطباء والتمريض) بأقسام الباطنة والجراحة؛ والعينة الطبقية الثالثة هي سجلات وقواعد البيانات وإحصاءات وتقارير المستشفيات داخل مجمع الشفاء الطبي خلال عام 2020-2021، وتتألف العينة الطبقية الأخيرة من أربعة من المديرين الرئيسيين في مجمع الشفاء الطبي، وهم: (مدير المجمع، المدير الطبي، مدير التمريض، مدير التدريب والتطوير). العدد الإجمالي للمرضى الداخليين الذين تم أخذ عينات منهم 175 مريضًا. وعينة مقدمي الخدمات الصحية كانت من 220 مشاركًا. اعتمدت الدراسة أداة PATH، التي تستخدمها العديد من الدول الأوروبية لقياس أداء المستشفيات. استخدم الباحث أيضًا استبيانا منظم للتعبئة الذاتية لجمع البيانات من مقدمي الرعاية الصحية واستبيان مقابلة منظم مع المرضى المبيتين المنوي خروجهم من أقسام المبيت في مجمع الشفاء الطبي. وبالإضافة إلى ذلك، تم جمع المعلومات والتقارير المتعلقة بقاعدة البيانات. وزيادة على ذلك قد أجريت مقابلات فردية متعمقة مع المديرين الرئيسيين الأربعة. كان معدل استجابة المشاركين في الدراسة 100٪. كشفت نتائج هذه الدراسة أن متوسط النسب المئوية لتصورات المرضى الداخليين لخدمات الرعاية الصحية كانت من %81.6 إلى %89.4. وأشارت النتائج إلى وجود تصور عالي إيجابي لدى المرضى من الخدمات التي تقدم في مجمع الشفاء الطبي. أيضًا، كان أعلى تصور في مجالي الخصوصية والاحترام، بينما كان أدنى تصور في مجال نهج الرعاية الصحية. علاوة على ذلك، كشفت نتائج هذه الدراسة أن متوسط النسب المئوية فيما يخص تصور مقدمي الرعاية الصحية لخدمات الرعاية الصحية تراوحت بين %57.2 و%62، مما يشير إلى أن تصور مقدمي الرعاية الصحية لخدمات الرعاية الصحية المقدمة في مجمع الشفاء الطبي كان متوسطا. كان أعلى تصور لمقدمي الرعاية الصحية في مجالات توجيه الموظفين والسلامة، وكان أدنى تصور في مجال الحوكمة المستجيبة. وبالإضافة إلى ذلك، فإن مؤشرات قاعدة البيانات، التي تم الحصول عليها من النظام المحوسب وتقارير مجمع الشفاء الطبي، أظهر أن معدل وفيات المرضى الذين تم إدخالهم إلى المستشفى في عام 2020 كان 10.6/1000 في الأقسام الجراحية و71.4/1000 في الأقسام الباطنية، بينما في عام 2021 كان معدل الوفيات في الأقسام الجراحية 9.5/1000 و86.3/1000 في الأقسام الباطنية. علاوة على ذلك، كان مؤشر مدة الإقامة (LOS) في الأقسام الجراحية في عام2020 كان 16.76 يومًا و5.87 يومًا في الأقسام الباطنية. بينما في عام 2021، كان 14.29 يومًا للأقسام الجراحية و7.93 يومًا للأقسام الباطنية، كان معدل إعادة الدخول في أقسام مجمع الشفاء الطبي في عام 2021 خلال 30 يومًا بعد الخروج %7.62. ولقد بلغ معدل التغيب عن العمل في فئة التمريض حوالي 1.46 في المائة من عدد أيام العمل خلال عام 2021، وبلغت نسبة التغيب عن إجمالي عدد طاقم التمريض 17.5 في المائة. Abstract
- Itempalestinian Nurses' Knowlwdge and Perceptions Regarding Occupational Hazards in Three Jerusalem Hospitals(Al-Quds University, 2022-05-31) Dalal Daoud Zawahre; دلال داوود زواهرةBackground. Nurses are often exposed to occupational hazards because the nature of their work requires them to be in direct contact with patients and to deal with materials and tools that require extreme caution and care. It has been shown by many previous studies that the nursing staff must have full knowledge of occupational hazards that they may encounter, to perceive the seriousness of the work environment conditions and to take necessary measures and precautions to prevent exposure to workplace hazards. Aims. The aims of this study are (1) to assess Palestinian nurses’ levels of knowledge, perceptions and practices regarding occupational health hazards, (2) to examine whether there is a difference in Palestinian nurses’ levels of knowledge, perceptions and practices regarding occupational health hazards related to their demographic characteristics (3) to examine whether there are relationships between nurses’ knowledge, perceptions and practices regarding occupational health hazards. Sampling. A convenience sample of 217 nurses currently working in three hospitals in Jerusalem were recruited to participate in this study. Instruments. A self-administered questionnaire was adapted from previous studies to assess participants’ sociodemographic characteristics, their knowledge, attitudes and practices about occupational health hazards. Analysis. SPSS software was used to analyze data. Demographic variables were described using frequencies and percentages. Correlational analysis was used to examine the relationships between study variables, including Pearson/Spearman correlation coefficients, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analyses. Results. Participants’ levels of knowledge, perceptions and practices in regard to occupational hazards came in the high rank 3.30 (4), 2.87 (3), 81.3% respectively, viii indicating that most participants had sufficient levels of knowledge, perceptions and practices in regard to occupational health hazards. There were no statistically significant differences in the levels of participants’ knowledge of occupational hazards related to their age, gender or years of experience. While there were statistically significant differences in their knowledge of occupational hazards related to their educational qualification. There were no statistically significant differences in the nurses’ perceptions of occupational hazards related to their age and years of experience. While there were statistically significant differences in their perceptions related to their gender and educational qualifications. There were no statistically significant differences in the nurses’ practices regarding occupational hazards related to their age, gender, educational qualification, and years of experience. There was a statistically significant relationship between participants’ knowledge, perceptions and their practices regarding occupational hazards. Conclusion. Nurses’ knowledge, and practices regarding occupational hazards are related to their educational qualifications. Knowledge, as well as perceptions of occupational hazards are related to their conscious practices of occupational hazards’ prevention. It is important to raise the nurses’ awareness about the occupational hazards and to follow clear plans and policies pertinent to occupational hazards’ prevention in this study’s targeted hospitals. Keywords. Knowledge, Perceptions, Practices, Nurses, Occupational hazards.
- ItemOral Hygiene; knowledge, attitude, and practices among diabetic patients in Hebron- Palestine(Al-Quds University, 2022-04-03) Areej Hassan Mohammed Harahsheh; اريج حسن محمد حراحشهBackground: Diabetic patients are at greater risk for several oral health complications, particularly periodontal disease. Periodontal disease has an impact on diabetes control. Good oral hygiene knowledge and practices are recommended to prevent and manage oral health problems. Purpose: To assess the oral hygiene; knowledge, attitude, and practices levels among diabetic patients attending primary healthcare centers to synthesize current evidence base data in order to help in the effective planning of oral health services for diabetic patients in Palestine. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted using face to face questionnaire. The Study participants consist of diabetic patients attending diabetes clinics in primary healthcare centers in Hebron Health Directorate. The study included 309 participants; 309 responded to the questionnaire, with a response rate of 100%. The questionnaire is divided into four parts: Part one: consist of two parts, section A: Has questions about information on the socio-demographic of participants, section B: Information on the clinical characteristics of participants, Part two: Has questions related to knowledge of oral hygiene, Part three: Has questions related to attitude towards oral hygiene, the questions collect information on oral hygiene practices. The questionnaire has to be designed in a way that it can precisely measure the dependent and independent variables in this research. To assess the level of diabetic patients' attitude about oral hygiene, the Likert scale is used it allows the respondent to choose the degree of agreement or disagreement with each item in the questionnaire when it comes to the stimulus purpose, the different items were measured on 5- point Likert scale to check the participant’s degree of convenience with the statement or not, as below: Strongly disagree (SD), disagree (D), neither agree nor disagree (NAD), agree (A), strongly agree (SA). To assess the level of diabetic patients' knowledge about Oral Hygiene a 3- point scale is used as below: Yes, no, don’t know. To assess the level of diabetic patients' practice about oral hygiene, the Likert scale is used, the different items were measured on 5- point Likert scale to check the participant’s degree of convenience with the statement or not, as below: Always, often, sometimes, rarely, never. Results: The study included a total of 309 patients with diabetes mellitus both types; type 1, and type 2. It was conducted in 5 diabetes clinics in primary healthcare centers in the Hebron Health Directorate. The review found that people with diabetes have a medium level of oral health knowledge (60%), High oral health attitudes (Mean score=4.09), and medium oral hygiene practices (Mean score=3.14). They rarely receive oral health education or information about the relation between diabetes and oral health. They also rarely receive dental referrals from their care providers. A majority of people with diabetes are unaware of the bidirectional link between diabetes and periodontal disease and they have limited knowledge of their risks for oral health problems. The study also found that (66.99%) attending primary healthcare centers in Hebron directorate are type2 diabetic patients, (57.28%) are more than 5 years diabetic patients, (61.81%) are not smoking, (56.63%) are poor HbA1c levels. The study showed a low awareness level that smoking with diabetes increases the incidence of oral problems. There is a significant relationship between control and uncontrol diabetic patients with knowledge and practice, results showed that knowledge and practice are better among patients with control diabetes. Provision of oral health education by diabetes care providers and referral to dentists can improve oral hygiene practices among patients. Conclusion: Diabetic patients have limited knowledge about the risk of diabetes on their oral health, lack compliance with recommended oral hygiene behavior. Knowledge and oral hygiene practices levels are better among patients with controlled diabetes. It is therefore essential to educate patients about their increased risk for oral complications and motivate them for good oral hygiene practice, facilitate access to dental care, and advise them to have regular dental checkups. Keywords: Oral hygiene, Diabetes Mellitus, Oral hygiene Knowledge, Attitude, Practices.
- ItemAssessment of the effects of the internet and social media use on work performance of physicians and nurses at the hospitals in the south of Palestine(Al-Quds University, 2020-07-26) Nida' Fayez Iamael Hamamdeh; نداء فايز اسماعيل حمامدةBackground: The internet and social media applications in the workplace have increased dramatically. It has both beneficial and harmful effects. Also, it seems to be the tool that affects the job performance in workplace. Aim: This study was conducted to assess the beneficial and harmful effects of internet and social media applications use at workplace on work performance of physicians and nurses in the major referral hospitals in Hebron and Bethlehem cities. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted by using self-reported questionnaires: the socio-demographic data sheet, Work related Social Media Questionnaire (WSMQ) and William Anderson Work Performance Scale. The sample of the study included 409 participants (169 physicians and 240 nurses) from four hospitals in Hebron and Bethlehem cities which were Hebron Governmental Hospital, Al- Ahli Hospital, Beit-Jala Hospital and Arab Society for Rehabilitation. Results: Pearson correlation test showed a weak positive statistically significant relationship was found between the WSMQ and William Anderson Work Performance Scale(r=0.198؛ p=.000). On other hand, the findings revealed that the overall mean score for WSMQ was high (mean score 3.57), and the higher mean was for the beneficial WSMQ (mean score 3.17) compared with (2.08) for the harmful WSMQ. The mean for William Anderson Work Performance scale was moderate Performance (3.35), the higher mean was for Organizational Citizenship Behavior-Individual(OCBI) (3.68) followed by In Role-Behavior (IRB) with a mean of (3.24) and the lowest was for Organizational Citizenship Behavior-Organization (OCBO) with a mean of (3.15). Further, the study results showed that the independent variables such as monthly income, specialization, professional title, the devices used to access internet and social media applications and the network used to access internet and social media applications had significant relationships with WSMQ. In addition, the findings showed that gender, marital status and monthly income, employment status, had obstacles that prevented from using internet and social media applications which showed significant relationships with work performance. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that only specialization had a statistically significant relationship with WSMQ and gender, employment status, and had obstacles prevented from using internet and social media applications were a statistically significant relationships with the work performance. Linear regression revealed that there was a significant linear relationship between social media and work performance (P-value=0.000). Conclusion: This study revealed that there is a weak positive statistically significant relationship between the internet and social media applications and work Performance in workplace among Palestinian doctors and nurses. However, the beneficial effects of social media was higher than harmful in the workplace and the mean for William Anderson Work Performance scale was moderate (3.35). Therefore, the Palestinian health care professionals should be encouraged to use internet and social media applications to improve health outcomes, develop a professional network, increase awareness of new discoveries, and provide health information to the community other than communication. Also, the administrative staff and policy makers in the Palestinian hospitals should regulate the use of internet and social media applications in hospitals by developing a clear policy for their use in the hospitals