PalStudent Scientific Research Journal

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A Retrospective Assessment of Drug Dose Adjustment and Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) for Patients with Kidney Failure in Palestine Governmental Hospitals- Dialysis Department
(Al-Quds University - Deanship of Scientific Research, 2023-05-16) Hadeel K. Salameh; Hussein Hallak
Background: The study is conducted in order to assess both DDI and dose adjustment for patients with kidney failure. It’s a retrospective cross-sectional observational study. The data was collected from Palestine governmental hospitals, it included 101 patients, and contains the history of drugs prescribed during six months (between 1 August 2022, to 31 January 2023). The data was analyzed and the assessment of DDI and dose adjustment were done using official guidelines and references.
A Successful Resection of a Giant Adrenal Myelolipoma Measuring 35x33x13 cm and Weighing 4600 grams: A Case Report & Review of Literature
(Deanship of Scientific Research/ Al-Quds University, 2023-03-08) Gharam Kiswani; Salsabeel Abu Khalaf; Mayar Idkedek; Riyad Salah Al-deen; Wadee Barbarawi
Background: Adrenal myelolipomas are rare nonfunctional tumors that are mostly asymptomatic and often found incidentally. They can be associated with other endocrine disorders like pheochromocytoma, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Adrenal myelolipoma usually measures from 2-4 cm in diameter, although large tumors measuring more than 10 cm can be found.
A Survey about Helicobacter Pylori Infection among Palestinians in Hebron
(Al-Quds University - Deanship of Scientific Research, 2023-05-16) Ruba Awawdeh; Besan Abo-saif; Sara Fanoun; Rozan Attili
Background: Helicobacter pylori is the most important cause for chronic or atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric lymphoma and gastric carcinoma. It is a gram-negative spiral-shaped bacterium that affects up to 50% of the population worldwide, with a higher prevalence in developing or poor Countries.
Abjection in Shelley’s Frankenstein
(Al-Quds University, Deanship of Scientific Research, 2019-09-10) Abu Irayeh, Madleen
This paper analyzes Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein through Julia Kristeva’s theory of abjection. The main argument is that Victor Frankenstein and his creature experience and reflect abjection, which Kristeva defines as the breakdown of meanings when humans encounter fear or phobias. These fears and phobias are a response to what is avoided or not acceptable in the symbolic order (language, law, rules). Moreover, Victor’s first encounter with abject can be seen in his early childhood when he is separated from his mother. I will show that these fears can be seen in Victor’s phobia of the corpses of Clerval, Elizabeth and his mother as well as the creature’s self-loathing. First, the corpse elicits abjection through evoking the mortality of human beings. Upon beholding the corpses of his family, Victor suffers delirium, visual hallucinations, nightmares and fever all of which represent the corpse as the “utmost of abjection” (Kristeva 4). Second, the creature experiences abjection which can be seen in his thorough awareness of his deformity and defilement. The creature tries in vain to be accepted in the symbolic order. However, he realizes that he is the abject or the source of fear from which humans flee.
Alpha and Theta Band Power Alterations on EEG are Linked to Psychological, but not Somatic, Symptom Severity in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
(Al-Quds University, Deanship of Scientific Research, 2022-05-11) Nawras A. Sawafta; Abdul-Rahman S. Sawalma; Mohammad M. Herzallah
Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious psychiatric disorder characterized by low mood, loss of pleasure, and other psychological and somatic symptoms. Previous studies show that MDD is associated with changes in alpha and theta oscillations measured by electroencephalography (EEG). Yet, most studies did not differentiate between subsets of MDD symptoms and their relationship to different brain oscillations.
An Epidemiological Study of Wilson's Disease in Morocco
(Al-Quds University - Deanship of Scientific Research, 2023-05-16) Nadia Abbassi; Azeddine Seddki; Nadra Lekouch; Sedki Azeddine
Objectives: Wilson's disease is an autosomal recessive disorder that affects copper metabolism leading to copper accumulation in the liver, nervous system, and cornea. There is a lack of data regarding the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, treatment and survival from Wilson's disease cohorts in Morocco. The aim of this study is to examine these features and the cause of death in a Moroccan population
Analysis of the Relation between Israel's Law of Return and Palestinian Displacement in The Context of Decolonization
(Al-Quds University - Deanship of Scientific Research, 2023-05-16) Malak Hassouneh; Danyah Jaber
Background: The idea behind my project can be divided into two ideas that are related to each other. The aim of this research is to unpack how Israel's Law of Return cannot be enacted without the displacement of Palestinians. My argument expands beyond the borders of the topic of displaced Palestinians and refugees and Israeli settlers. It sheds light on what a potential decolonized Palestine would be like and how that future would look like for the settlers. Hence, my project brings the issues of postcolonial societies and transitional justice together to break down the legal relationship between the colonizer and the colonized in a decolonized reality.
Antibacterial Activity of Plant Extract on Bacteria Species
(Al-Quds University, Deanship of Scientific Research, 2019-09-10) Abu Khalta, Alaa
Spices have been used for many centuries by various cultures to enhance the flavor and aroma of our foods. Our ancestors have also recognized the usage of spices in food preservation and in the treatment of clinical ailments. However, there are several reports on the development of antibiotic resistance in diverse bacterial pathogens (Gold, S.G. and Moellering, R.C.,1996). Gram negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli resides in human intestines and can cause lower urinary tract infections, cholecystitis and septicemia (Benhassaini et al., 2003; Benjilali et al.,1986). Different antibiotics exercise their inhibitory activity on different pathogenic organisms (Chanda and Rakholiya, 2011). Multiple drug resistance in human pathogenic microorganisms has developed due to indiscriminate use of commercial antimicrobial drugs that are commonly used in the treatment of infectious diseases. The development of antibiotic resistance is multifactorial; this includes the specific nature of the relationship of bacteria to antibiotics, the usage of antibacterial agent, host characteristics, and environmental factors. This study has forced scientists to search for new antimicrobial chemotherapeutic substances from various sources. However, the cost of production of synthetic drugs is high and they produce adverse effects compared to plant derived drugs (Abiramasundari et al., 2011).
Antidepressants: New Hypothetical Interactions to Increase Their Efficiency
(Deanship of Research/ Al-Quds University, 2024-04-01) Hanan Atari; Ghadeer Jamal; Dena Jaffal; Noor Alhalaby; Rayhana Aljana Jboor; Mohammad Qabajah
Depression is a prevalent disorder that stems from an imbalance in brain chemistry, particularly involving neurotransmitters. It is commonly treated with antidepressants, such as Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), which work by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin. Paroxetine is one of the most commonly used SSRIs; however, it is associated with side effects on both thyroid and sex hormones. The objective of this study is to identify an alternative compound or drug to paroxetine that offers fewer side effects.
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Onion Peels Extract and Fortification of White Wheat Flour to Prevent Health Hazard
(Al-Quds University, Deanship of Scientific Research, 2020-09-10) Karaki, Hadeel; Maswadeh, Iman; Abu Khalaf, Eman; Awawdeh, Ihsan; Wadaah, Salam; Hamdan, May
The oxidation eliminates health benefits of edible oil and cause many human hazards, which can be reduced by using natural antioxidant phenolic extracts. Yellow onion peel has been reported to contain the phenols of different structures. When olive oil is fortified by antioxidant’s extract from onion peels, it can decrease oxidation. This study aims to delay oxidation in virgin olive oil. The samples of onion peels and olive oil were collected and stored in a good condition until use. The onion peels were washed, dried and ground samples were introduced into the 80% aqueous ethanol (ethanol: water, 80:20 v/v) with a ratio of 1:30 (sample: solvent) for 30 minutes along with ultrasonic shaking. The extracts were separated from the residues by filtering through filter paper. The combined extracts were concentrated and freed of solvent under vacuum at 45oC, using rotary evaporator. The dried crude concentrated extracts were stored in a refrigerator (-4 ◦C) until needed The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of onion peels extract will estimate it. The onion peel extracts will be added in three concentrations (300, 600 & 900 ppm) to the virgin olive oil. Treated and untreated (control) oil samples will be stored in the dark at ambient temperature (approx. 25C and 40C) for 80 days. The samples will be analyzed before and after the extract is added with acid value, Peroxidevalue, Lodinevalue, Anisidinevalue, K232 and k270. The yellow onion skin extracts have antimicrobial activity in relation to E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus as the method will determine. The extract showed antioxidant and antimicrobial activity; it was effective in preventing formation of hazardous compounds, and therefore increased shelf life of oils.
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Onion Peels Extract and Fortification of White Wheat Flour to Prevent Health Hazard
(Al-Quds University, Deanship of Scientific Research, 2019-09-10) Karaki, Hadeel; Maswadeh, Iman; Abu Khalaf, Eman; Awawdeh, Ihsan
The oxidation eliminates health benefits of edible oil and cause many human hazards, which can be reduced by using natural antioxidant phenolic extracts. Yellow onion peel has been reported to contain the phenols of different structures. When olive oil is fortified by antioxidant’s extract from onion peels, it can decrease oxidation. This study aims to delay oxidation in virgin olive oil. The samples of onion peels and olive oil were collected and stored in a good condition until use. The onion peels were washed, dried and ground samples were introduced into the 80% aqueous ethanol (ethanol: water, 80:20 v/v) with a ratio of 1:30 (sample: solvent) for 30 minutes along with ultrasonic shaking. The extracts were separated from the residues by filtering through filter paper. The combined extracts were concentrated and freed of solvent under vacuum at 45oC, using rotary evaporator. The dried crude concentrated extracts were stored in a refrigerator (-4 ◦C) until needed The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of onion peels extract will estimate it. The onion peel extracts will be added in three concentrations (300, 600 & 900 ppm) to the virgin olive oil. Treated and untreated (control) oil samples will be stored in the dark at ambient temperature (approx. 25C and 40C) for 80 days. The samples will be analyzed before and after the extract is added with acid value, Peroxidevalue, Lodinevalue, Anisidinevalue, K232 and k270. The yellow onion skin extracts have antimicrobial activity in relation to E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus as the method will determine. The extract showed antioxidant and antimicrobial activity; it was effective in preventing formation of hazardous compounds, and therefore increased shelf life of oils.
Antipsychotic Medications: Adherence and Availability in East Jerusalem
(Al-Quds University, Deanship of Scientific Research, 2022-05-11) Fatima Hamad; Rahaf Jubeh; Maysa Nabulsi
Background: Schizophrenia is a severe illness affecting all life aspects of the patients including work, self-care and capacity to establish interpersonal relationships. It is known to affect about 1.0% of the population. Despite the fact that adherence to antipsychotic medications is the cornerstone in the treatment and prevention of relapse of the disease, non-adherence is a major problem among schizophrenia patients.
Arab and Islamic Anticancer Medicinal Plants from Tradition to Cellular Mechanisms: An in vitro study with THP-1 cell line
(Al-Quds University, Deanship of Scientific Research, 2022-05-11) Ruhuf Abu-Labdeh; Sawsan Abu Farha; Sondos Zakarneh; Abdel-Salam Kmail; Bashar Saad
Background: Trigonella foenum-graecum L (TF), Ocimum basilicum L. (OB), and Arum palaestinum Boise (AP), are traditional Arab herbal medicine has utilized it to treat a variety of metabolic and inflammatory illnesses.
Assessing Nutritional Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices and their Association with Body Mass Index Among a Group of Students at Al-Quds University
(Al-Quds University, Deanship of Scientific Research, 2020-12-22) Mansour, Iman; Njoom, Njood; Ghrayeb, Afnan; Agha, Hazem
Background: Good nutrition is essential for the growth, development and maintenance of health throughout life. Beyond the negative impact, malnutrition has on socio-economic development, lack of sufficient foods and quality food undermines the quality of health and the wellness of the population of all ages. Development in nutrition science has continued to show a linkage between health and nutrition since the 20th-century discovery on the consequences of malnutrition. Objective: The main objective of the study was to assess the nutritional knowledge, attitude and practices and their association with body mass index among a group of students from Al- Quds University. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted through a self-administered questionnaire given to a group of students from Al-Quds University. The questionnaire was designed based on earlier studies to meet the study objectives. The questions were translated into Arabic. The Inclusion criteria in this study included Bachelors's students from different faculties at Al-Quds University. The exclusion criteria included academic staff, pregnant and lactating females, higher studies students and administrative. The data were analyzed by using the Statistical Package for the Social Software (SPSS) version 20 using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. Results: Four hundred and nighty out of 500 distributed questionnaires were returned successfully. Over half (50.2%) of them were males. 66.3% of the participants had good nutritional knowledge, 61.8% had a positive attitude regarding healthy eating and 31.2% had good practices regarding healthy eating. The demographic character was not a significant predictor of nutritional attitude. However, there was a significant predictor between demographic character and nutritional knowledge and practices. There was a positive relationship at the level of significance p-value 0.005 or less and the alpha sign between attitude and practices, knowledge and attitude. Most of the students (53.35%) exhibited normal weight. Health professions and medical students had good nutritional knowledge compared to education science and business & economics students. Conclusion: The majority of the sample had good nutritional knowledge and practices. However, most of them shown a negative nutritional attitude regarding healthy eating. The university should develop a nutritional course to be taught as a university requirement course.
Assessing the Knowledge and Risk Awareness about over-the-counter (OTC) Supplements use for Children Aged 2-10 Years in Bethlehem City: Cross Sectional Study
(Deanship of Research/ Al-Quds University, 2024-04-01) Anaheed Taqatqah; Doaa Mujahed; Sabri Saghir
The increasing global demand for over-the-counter (OTC) supplements for children without real medical needs or prescriptions is a topic of debate, raising questions about their necessity and the extent to which they are used. Some studies support their use, while others are against it. However, there is a lack of similar studies regarding their use in Palestine.
Assessing the Level of Efficiency of Translating Intertextuality in Mahmoud Darwish's Poetry: A Translation from Arabic to English
(Al-Quds University, Deanship of Scientific Research, 2022-05-11) Sondus Abu Rayyan; Shoroq Irjan; Taleen Rahil
Background: Translators constantly face the problem of preserving meanings when translating any text, let alone a text filled with intertextual references and underlying messages. This is because the process of translation is not only translating a text into another but also a process of translating cultures and religions and a process of decontextualization and recontextualization.
Assessment of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Activity of Olea europaea Leaves Extracts and Its Effects on Apoptotic Genes
(Deanship of Research/ Al-Quds University, 2024-04-01) Zain Wael Shweiky; Mahmoud Khalid
The olive tree (Olea europaea) is a rich source of phenolic compounds, known for their health benefits. These compounds, particularly abundant in Palestinian olive leaves, have been shown to possess antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. This study explores the potential of olive leaf extracts to target cancer by investigating their effects on genes involved in the critical process of apoptosis, or programmed cell death.
Assessment of Breast Cancer Diagnosis Process at Gaza Strip
(Al-Quds University, Deanship of Scientific Research, 2022-05-11) Reem Omar Yousef Alayan; Haneh Naeem Al Kahlout; Atef Masa’d Madina
Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women worldwide, with an estimated one million new cases diagnosed each year and it is considered as the largest cancer-related cause of death among women worldwide.
Assessment of Exclusive Breastfeeding among Lactating Women Visiting Al-Remal Primary Healthcare Clinic in Gaza, Palestine
(Al-Quds University, Deanship of Scientific Research, 2019-09-10) Nassar, Rawan
Breastfeeding has many health benefits for both the mother and infant. Breast milk contains all the nutrients an infant needs for the first six months of life. Breastfeeding protects against diarrhea and common childhood illnesses such as pneumonia. It may also have long-term health benefits for the mother and child, such as reducing the risk of obesity in childhood and adolescence. Exclusive breastfeeding means that the infant receives only breast milk. No other liquids or solids are given – not even water – with the exception of oral rehydration solution or drops/syrups of vitamins, minerals or medicines. The results of the PMS study in 2013 show that exclusive breastfeeding in GS is 55%, meanwhile in WB it is 52.9%, and in the state of Palestine it is 53.9%. The World Health Organization estimates that around 220,000 children could be saved each year with exclusive breastfeeding. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that infants should be exclusively breastfed for the first six months of life to achieve optimal growth, development, and health. The Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding describes the essential interventions to promote, protect and support breastfeeding. In order to survive, grow, and develop properly, infants require the right proportion of nutrients. Breast milk is rich in nutrients and antibodies and contains the right quantities of fat, sugar, water, and protein. These nutrients are major prerequisites to the wellbeing and survival of the baby. When a child is exclusively breastfed, their immune system is strengthened, enabling it to prevent life-threatening illnesses like pneumonia and diarrhea amongst other infections. In fact, reports indicate that newborns who are not breastfed for the first six months of life are 15 times more likely to die from pneumonia compared to those who are breastfed exclusively for six months after birth.
Assessment of Factors Associated with Obesity among Gaza Secondary Schools’ Female Students in Palestine
(Al-Quds University, Deanship of Scientific Research, 2019-09-10) Al Najjar, Doa
Globally, obesity has increased among children, adolescents, and adults. At least 2.8 million people die each year worldwide as a result of being overweight or obese; mortality rates have shown to be proportional to the degree of obesity. Younger age groups are affected as demonstrated in nearly one-third of American college students who are overweight or obese. According to the WHO, 30–80% of adults and about 20% of children and adolescents in Europe are overweight. The situation in Asia is better; this is shown in the lower prevalence of obesity in Thailand and China. With obesity becoming an overwhelming global public health issue, there are a multitude of obesity-associated diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, and certain cancers. Although obesity in adolescence is less prominently associated with morbidity, it is nevertheless a strong precursor of obesity and related morbidity in adulthood. Adolescence has been identified as a critical period in the development of overweight/obesity patterns, with the transition to college being another potentially important period of risk for weight increase among young adults. Individual behaviors and environmental factors can contribute to excess caloric intake and inadequate amounts of physical activity. The current high rates of obesity have been attributed to, in part, increased snacking and eating away from home, larger portion sizes, greater exposure to food advertising, limited access to physical activity opportunities, and labor-saving technological advances (Duffey & Popkin, 2011; Piernas & Popkin, 2011; Powell et al., 2011;Sallis &; Glanz, 2009). Childhood and adolescent obesity have increased substantially in the past two decades raising concerns about the physical and psychosocial consequences of childhood obesity. In Palestine, the prevalence of obesity has been increasing for decades for both males and females in all age groups. It is about 18% in adult males and 26% in adult females.

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