Medical Imaging Technology تكنولوجيا التصوير الطبي

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Browsing Medical Imaging Technology تكنولوجيا التصوير الطبي by Author "Hala Yousef Hussein Ahmad Dar-Rabee"

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    Evaluation of Organs Absorbed Doses, effective dosesand Cancer risk Following Chest HRCT Scan for COVID-19 Patients
    (Al-Quds University, 2024-05-24) Hala Yousef Hussein Ahmad Dar-Rabee; هاله يوسف حسين احمد دار ربيع
    CT imaging is an effective modality for diagnosing a wide range of medical conditions. CT outperforms x-rays in terms of 3D image generation and soft tissue visualization. CT imaging of the lungs is an important diagnostic tool in the fight against pneumonia. The use of the HRCT imaging protocol for the chest has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is possible to use CT scans for both diagnostic and screening purposes. Radiation risk must be considered, and the dosimetric effects of chest HRCT must be assessed. CT imaging could assist with the early detection of COVID-19-related interstitial pneumonia. There is no agreement on the use of CT for diagnosis due to the first stage of the disease can be negative. So, this study aims to evaluate the dosimetric impact of HRCT of the chest for COVID-19 Patients. The mean organ and effective doses will be evaluated. Also, estimation of radiation cancer risk in (lung, stomach, colon, thyroid, and breast) associated with these exposures according to the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiations (BEIR) VII report. The study's goal was achieved through the use of quantitative retrospective cohort analysis. The study population consists of 49 adult patients (31 males and 17 females), aged 18 to 89 years, who underwent HRCT during the period between April 26th, 2020, and March 20th, 2021. Data was collected using a local picture archiving and communication system (PACS), including patient demographics and anthropometrics, as well as dose descriptive information (CTDIv and DLP). The effective dose was calculated using two methods: first, using the tissue conversion coefficient (k) for the chest CT, and second, using the VirtualDose™ CT software, which also calculates the organ absorbed dose. The software is based on a large database of organ doses generated via Monte Carlo (MC) simulations using a library of 25 anatomically realistic phantoms. Then The life time attributable risk (LAR) of developing cancer in a specific organ (T) was determined by risk coefficients obtained from Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiations (BEIR) VII report. Each dosimetric parameter is defined by its mean, median, standard deviation, and 75th percentile. We used the MV for comparing our results with previously reported values. The mean value of equivalent doses and the cancer risk probability for organs have been established for either or both gender groups. Spearman’s rank-order test was used to test for correlations between, DLP\BMI, EDDLP, and EDMC. The significance level was defined as p < 0.05. The results of the study revealed that the average calculated effective dose for total population 9.7 mSv, and the average effective dose estimated by virtual dose CT software was 13.47 mSv, with female average dose higher than male with a value of 14.75 and 12.7 mSv respectively. The result showed a decreased effective dose for patients with increased patient BMI while increased with increased DLP. Females showed a higher organs dose than males for all organs as well as cancer risk except for colon, the highest risk were found in lungs for both gender as it 51.6 per 100.000 for females and 21.8 per 100.000 per males.it was concluded that the current chest HRCT protocol result in significant radiation doses to the patients compared to reported in previous studies