أثر الاواامر العسكرية الإسرائيلية على اعمال التسوية في المناطق المصنفة ج
Date
2023-06-11
Authors
محمد يوسف خميس عمرو
Mohammed Y. K. Amro
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى الوقوف على الوضع القانوني لملكية الأراضي في ظل الأوامر العسكرية الإسرائيلية، حيث اختار الباحث المنهج التحليلي في إعداد هذه الدراسة، من خلال تحليل نصوص المواد القانونية للأوامر العسكرية الإسرائيلية وأثرها على أعمال التسوية القائمة في مناطق الضفة الغربية.
ولعل السبب الرئيس في اختيار الباحث لهذا المنهج، تفرد الحالة الفلسطينية ولا مجال لمقارنتها بحالة أخرى في القوانين المقارنة، وحتى نعرض الأصول التاريخية لما نحن عليه الآن، عاد الباحث إلى الأصل التاريخي لملكية الأراضي في فلسطين، وما توالى عليها من حقب قانونية ابتداءً من العهد العثماني، فالانتداب البريطاني، والحكم الأردني، وأخيراً عهد السلطة الوطنية الفلسطينية والاحتلال الإسرائيلي. ومن ناحية أخرى فيما يتعلق بالمراجع الفلسطينية التي توثق الرواية الوطنية وتدحض رواية الاحتلال وتعزز الحق الفلسطيني، فكانت تتسم بالندرة، فصعوبة الحصول على مراجع تعزيز الدراسة كانت من المشاكل التي واجهت الباحث.
وعلى الصعيد الدولي وما يجري على الأرض من احتلال واستيطان فإن نطاق القانون الدولي المطبق في فلسطين لا يعدو عن التزام الحكومة الفلسطينية بما ورد في نصوص القانون الدولي واتفاقية أوسلو دون أدنى اهتمام من دولة الاحتلال بتلك القواعد، التي لا زالت تصدر العشرات من الأوامر العسكرية التي تسهل سيطرتها على الأرض والموارد، وتسعى إلى مزيد من التغول وفرض الوجود وشرعنته.
وتمحورت إشكالية الرسالة حول: هل يتعارض سريان الأوامر العسكرية الإسرائيلية مع أعمال التسوية في فلسطين؟
وخلصت الرسالة إلى جملة من النتائج والتوصيات أبرزها: ضرورة دراسة الوضع القانوني فيما يتعلق بتداعيات التسوية في المناطق (ج)، وإيجاد مخرج قانوني لمنع كافة محاولات الاحتلال إعاقة تلك الأعمال ومصادرة الأراضي من خلال الطعن بسندات الملكية الصادرة نتيجة أعمال التسوية.
وعليه، فقد قسم الباحث الدراسة إلى فصلين، عرض في الفصل الأول: نشأة أعمال التسوية وفقاً للإطار التاريخي لملكية الأراضي في الفترة الزمنية ما بين العام 1858م وحتى العام 1967م، وما تعاقب على الأرض من حكومات وتشريعاتها، كما حدد ماهية التسوية والإجراءات اللازمة لإتمامها.
وطرح خلال الفصل الثاني: الإطار القانوني المعاصر لأعمال التسوية، بما فيها الأوامر العسكرية، والقوانين المعمول بها في إتمام أعمال التسوية الفلسطينية، وأثر تلك الأوامر على ملكية الأراضي، ومدى مواءمة تلك الأوامر للقانون الدولي.
This study aims to identify the legal status of land ownership under the military orders, where the researcher chose the analytical approach in the preparation of this study, by analyzing the texts of the legal articles of the Israeli military orders and their impact on the existing settlement works in the areas of the West Bank. Perhaps the main reason for choosing the researcher this approach due to the uniqueness of the Palestinian case, and there is no room for comparing it with another case in comparative laws., and in order to be able to present the historical origins of what we are now, the researcher returned to the historical origin of land ownership in Palestine and the successive legal eras, starting from the Ottoman era, the British mandate, the Jordanian rule, and finally the era of the Authority of Palestinian nationalism and the Israeli occupation. On the other hand, with regard to the Palestinian references that document the national narrative, refute the occupation narrative, and promote the Palestinian right, it was characterized by scarcity. The difficulty of obtaining references to enhance the study was one of the problems that faced the researcher. On the international level and what is happening on the ground in terms of occupation and settlement, the scope of international law applied in Palestine does not go beyond the commitment of the Palestinian government to what was stated in the provisions of international law and the Oslo Accords without the slightest interest from the occupying state in those rules, which still issues dozens of military orders that facilitate its control over the land and resources, and seeks more penetration and the imposition and legitimacy of existence. The problematic of the thesis centered on the impact of military orders on the settlement and land registration works in the West Bank. The thesis concluded with a number of results and recommendations, most notably the need to study the legal situation with regard to the repercussions of the settlement in Area C, and to find a legal way out to prevent all attempts by the occupation to impede these works and confiscate lands, by challenging the title deeds issued as a result of settlement work. Accordingly, the researcher divided the study into two chapters. In the first chapter, he presented the establishment of the settlement works according to the historical framework in the time period between 1858 AD and the year 1967 AD, and the successive governments and their legislations on the ground. He also specified the nature of the settlement and the procedures necessary to complete it. In the second chapter of the study, the contemporary legal framework for the settlement works was presented, including the military orders and the laws in force in completing the Palestinian settlement works, the impact of those orders on land ownership, and the extent to which these orders are compatible with international law.
This study aims to identify the legal status of land ownership under the military orders, where the researcher chose the analytical approach in the preparation of this study, by analyzing the texts of the legal articles of the Israeli military orders and their impact on the existing settlement works in the areas of the West Bank. Perhaps the main reason for choosing the researcher this approach due to the uniqueness of the Palestinian case, and there is no room for comparing it with another case in comparative laws., and in order to be able to present the historical origins of what we are now, the researcher returned to the historical origin of land ownership in Palestine and the successive legal eras, starting from the Ottoman era, the British mandate, the Jordanian rule, and finally the era of the Authority of Palestinian nationalism and the Israeli occupation. On the other hand, with regard to the Palestinian references that document the national narrative, refute the occupation narrative, and promote the Palestinian right, it was characterized by scarcity. The difficulty of obtaining references to enhance the study was one of the problems that faced the researcher. On the international level and what is happening on the ground in terms of occupation and settlement, the scope of international law applied in Palestine does not go beyond the commitment of the Palestinian government to what was stated in the provisions of international law and the Oslo Accords without the slightest interest from the occupying state in those rules, which still issues dozens of military orders that facilitate its control over the land and resources, and seeks more penetration and the imposition and legitimacy of existence. The problematic of the thesis centered on the impact of military orders on the settlement and land registration works in the West Bank. The thesis concluded with a number of results and recommendations, most notably the need to study the legal situation with regard to the repercussions of the settlement in Area C, and to find a legal way out to prevent all attempts by the occupation to impede these works and confiscate lands, by challenging the title deeds issued as a result of settlement work. Accordingly, the researcher divided the study into two chapters. In the first chapter, he presented the establishment of the settlement works according to the historical framework in the time period between 1858 AD and the year 1967 AD, and the successive governments and their legislations on the ground. He also specified the nature of the settlement and the procedures necessary to complete it. In the second chapter of the study, the contemporary legal framework for the settlement works was presented, including the military orders and the laws in force in completing the Palestinian settlement works, the impact of those orders on land ownership, and the extent to which these orders are compatible with international law.
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Citation
عمرو، محمد يوسف. (2023). أثر الاواامر العسكرية الإسرائيلية على اعمال التسوية في المناطق المصنفة ج
[رسالة ماجستير منشورة، جامعة القدس، فلسطين]. المستودع الرقمي لجامعة القدس. https://arab-
scholars.com/c04d96