التعويض الاتفاقي في عقد التأجير التمويلي وسلطة المحكمة إزائه( دراسة مقارنة)
Date
2023-01-21
Authors
عايشه عبد الرحيم الطيطي
Aisha abd alraheem titi
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
تنصب هذه الرسالة على موضوع ذات أهمية كبيرة على الصعيد الاقتصادي وهو التعويض الاتفاقي في عقد التأجير التمويلي وسلطة المحكمة إزائه، فالأصل أن ينفذ المدين الالتزام الواقع عليه، فإن هو أخل بذلك وجب عليه تنفيذ الالتزام التبعي وهو التعويض الاتفاقي.
وبالتالي فهو تعويض يتفق على تحديده أطراف العقد، إما في العقد ذاته أو في لاحقة يتولى المدين أداؤه إلى للدائن بحالة عدم تنفيذ المدين لالتزامه أو في حالة التأخر في ذلك فقط فالتعويض مقدر بالاتفاق وليس قضاءً، ومثال ذلك أن يتعهد مقاول البناء بدفع تعويض نقدي إذا تأخر في إتمام البناء في التاريخ المحدد، فيكون التعويض غالباً مبلغ نقدية إلا أنه لا يوجد مانع من أن يكون التعويض غير ذلك كسقوط آجال دفع مبالغ مالية كانت ستدفع على أقساط، أو تشديد شروط استعمال حق معين وهذا كاشتراط ترخيص معين.
ولهذه الموضوع أهمية كبيرة على الصعيد الفكري القانوني الفلسطيني كونها تناقش موضوع التعـويض الاتفاقي في مشروع القانون المدني الفلسطيني ومقارنته مع الأنظمة القانونية في كل من مصـر والأردن، ويعتبر التأجير التمويلي بشكل خاص من اهم المواضيع على الصعيد الاقتصادي، خاصة أن هذه الرسالة تبين القيمة القانونية للتعويض الاتفاقي، وبالتالي فقد احتوت هذه الرسالة على فصل تمهيدي يتناول عقد التأجير التمويلي والتعويض الاتفاقي في التشريعات المقارنة، وفصل أول يتناول طبيعة عقد التأجير التمويلي، وفصل ثاني يتناول تبيان سلطة القاضي التقديرية إزاء. وتوصلت الباحثة إلى عدة نتائج منها: أن التعويض الاتفاقي يجبر المتعاقدين على الالتزام بالعقد والتقيد به، وتنفيذ العقد بصورة سليمة، واحترام مبدأ حسن النية في تنفيذ العقود، ومنح القاضي سلطة واسعة في تعديل العقد وشروطه، وهذا ما يعتبر استثناء على قاعدة العقد شريعة المتعاقدين.
This thesis focuses on a very important topic related to the economic level which is contractual compensation in the financial leasing contract and the court`s authority in relation to it, The principle is that the debtor implements the obligation imposed on him, but lf he fails to do so, he must implement the consequential obligation which is the contractual compensation. Therefore, it is a compensation agreed upon to be determined by the contract`s parties, either in the contract itself or in a subsequent contract, the debtor undertakes to pay it to the creditor in the event that the debtor does not fulfill his obligation, or in the event of delay in that only, then the compensation is estimated by agreement and not by the judiciary. For example, the building contractor undertakes to pay monetary compensation if he is late in completing the construction on the specified date, compensation is usually a cash amount, but there is on objection to the compensation being something other than that, such as dropping the deadlines for paying sums of money that would have been paid in installments, or hardening the conditions for using a for a specific license. This topic is very important on Palestinian legal intellectual level, as it discusses the issue of conventional compensation in the Palestinian civil law project and its comparison with the legal systems in both Egypt and Jordan, and financial leasing in particular, is considered one of the most important issues on the economic level, especially since this thesis shows the legal value of the contractual compensation, and therefore this thesis contains an introductory chapter that financial lease contract and the contractual compensation in comparative legislation, and the first chapter deals with nature of the financial leasing contract, and the second chapter deals with the statement of the judge`s discretionary authority regarding The researcher reached several results, including: that the conventional compensation obliges the contracting parties to abide by it, executing the contract properly respecting the principle of good faith in the implementation of contracts, and granting the judge wide authority to modify the contract and its considered an exception to the contract, the law of the contracting parties.
This thesis focuses on a very important topic related to the economic level which is contractual compensation in the financial leasing contract and the court`s authority in relation to it, The principle is that the debtor implements the obligation imposed on him, but lf he fails to do so, he must implement the consequential obligation which is the contractual compensation. Therefore, it is a compensation agreed upon to be determined by the contract`s parties, either in the contract itself or in a subsequent contract, the debtor undertakes to pay it to the creditor in the event that the debtor does not fulfill his obligation, or in the event of delay in that only, then the compensation is estimated by agreement and not by the judiciary. For example, the building contractor undertakes to pay monetary compensation if he is late in completing the construction on the specified date, compensation is usually a cash amount, but there is on objection to the compensation being something other than that, such as dropping the deadlines for paying sums of money that would have been paid in installments, or hardening the conditions for using a for a specific license. This topic is very important on Palestinian legal intellectual level, as it discusses the issue of conventional compensation in the Palestinian civil law project and its comparison with the legal systems in both Egypt and Jordan, and financial leasing in particular, is considered one of the most important issues on the economic level, especially since this thesis shows the legal value of the contractual compensation, and therefore this thesis contains an introductory chapter that financial lease contract and the contractual compensation in comparative legislation, and the first chapter deals with nature of the financial leasing contract, and the second chapter deals with the statement of the judge`s discretionary authority regarding The researcher reached several results, including: that the conventional compensation obliges the contracting parties to abide by it, executing the contract properly respecting the principle of good faith in the implementation of contracts, and granting the judge wide authority to modify the contract and its considered an exception to the contract, the law of the contracting parties.
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Citation
الطيطي، عايشه عبد الرحيم. (2023). التعويض الاتفاقي في عقد التأجير التمويلي وسلطة المحكمة إزائه( دراسة
مقارنة) [رسالة ماجستير منشورة، جامعة القدس، فلسطين]. المستودع الرقمي لجامعة القدس. https://arab-
scholars.com/6e5c8e