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- ItemThe Impact of E-learning on Students and Lecturers Perspectives in Dental Colleges during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gaza Strip(Al-Quds University, 2023-06-03) Mohammed Ramadan Hassan Shamia; محمد رمضان حسن شاميةThe aim of the study is to determine the impact of E-learning on students and lecturers' attitudes in dental colleges during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Gaza strip. The study design was descriptive, analytical, and cross-sectional one, the selected sample size was 300 students who had participated were undergraduate students in dentistry at different educational levels, the third, fourth, and fifth levels at Palestine University and Al Azhar University in Gaza Strip. The participants were selected through a proportional stratified sample. Quantitative data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire developed by the researcher, in addition, four focus group discussions were conducted with purposively selected 34 participants from different educational levels using a semi-structure interview questionnaire. The response rate was 100%. The overall reliability was high (Cronbach's alpha 0.892). Data was entered and analyzed using the SPSS program for the quantitative data while open thematic techniques were used to analyze the qualitative data. The study found that the total mean of the study dimensions for the 300 students was (3.41 7/7= 68.20%) for all domains indicating that their perception is good about e-learning. The highest mean was about the” Dimension 6: Obstacles" domain (3.92 6/7 = 78.4%) revealing that the general perception of this domain was negative, and the lowest mean was Dimension4: "The use of E-learning" (3.03 4/7 = 60.6%), and the “Dimension 3: e-learning infrastructure” domain (3.24 3/7 = 64.8%). The study results regarding the students showed that the average of student's male is higher statistically significant compared to females in the mean of the Dimension 1: logistical support, Dimension 4: the use of E-learning, Dimension 5: Student readiness, Dimension 7: the advantages of distance E-learning and domain as a total (P<0.05). While the table showed that there is no statistically significant difference in other studied domains such as Dimension 2: Human preparation, Dimension 3: distance education infrastructure, and Dimension 6: Obstacles (P>0.05). This result can be explained by the small sample size of the participating males, which amounted to 70 male students compared to 230 female students. The study results regarding the students showed that there is a statistically significant difference between the E-learning method in the mean of the studied domain as Dimension 4: the use of E-learning, Dimension 5: Student readiness, Dimension 6: Obstacles®, Dimension 7: the advantages of distance E-learning and domain as total (P<0.05). While the test showed that there is no statistically significant difference between the E-learning method in the mean of the studied domain as Dimension 1: logistical support, Dimension 2: human preparation, and Dimension 3: distance education infrastructure, (P>0.05). The study also found that the total mean of the study dimensions for the 20 lecturers was (3.47 7/7= 69.4%) for all domains indicating that their perception is good about e learning. The highest mean was about the” Dimension 6: Obstacles" domain (4.36 6/7 = 87.1%) revealing that the general perception of this domain was positive, and the lowest mean was" Dimension 4: the use of E-learning " (3.00 4/7 = 60%), and “Dimension 3: distance education infrastructure” (3.06 3/7 = 61.22%). Based on the results found, the researcher recommends lecturers preparation programs and professional development programs for faculty members including special courses and programs for distance education, explaining its mechanisms, learning methods, evaluation methods, and tests in distance education. The researcher recommended also the need to educate the local community and change their perception towards graduates and students of distance education by granting them confidence and conviction in their abilities and competence الهدف من الدراسة هو تحديد تأثير التعلم الإلكتروني على مواقف الطلاب والمحاضرين في كليات طب الأسنان خلال جائحة COVID-19 في قطاع غزة. صممت هذه كدراسة وصفية تحليلية مقطعية ، وبلغ حجم العينة المختارة 300 طالبًا شاركوا من طلاب البكالوريوس في طب الأسنان في المراحل التعليمية المختلفة في المستويات الثالثة والرابعة والخامسة في جامعة فلسطين وجامعة الأزهر في قطاع غزة. تم اختيار المشاركين من خلال عينة طبقية تناسبية. تم جمع البيانات الكمية من خلال استبيان ذاتي تم تطويره من قبل الباحث ، بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، تم إجراء أربع مناقشات جماعية مركزة مع 34 مشاركًا تم اختيارهم بشكل مقصود من مستويات تعليمية مختلفة باستخدام استبيان مقابلة شبه هيكلية. كان معدل الاستجابة 100٪. كانت الموثوقية الإجمالية عالية (Cronbach's alpha 0.892). تم إدخال البيانات وتحليلها باستخدام برنامج SPSS للبيانات الكمية بينما تم استخدام التقنيات الموضوعية المفتوحة لتحليل البيانات النوعية. توصلت الدراسة إلى أن المتوسط الكلي لأبعاد الدراسة ل 300 طالب كان (3.41 7/7 = 68.20٪) لجميع المجالات مما يدل على أن تصورهم جيد عن التعلم الإلكتروني. أعلى متوسط كان حول مجال "البعد 6: العقبات" (3.92 6/7 = 78.4٪) مما كشف أن التصور العام لهذا المجال كان سلبياً ، وأقل متوسط كان البعد 4: "استخدام التعلم الإلكتروني" (3.03) 4/7 = 60.6٪) ، ومن ثم مجال "البعد 3: البنية التحتية للتعليم الإلكتروني" (3.24 3/7 = 64.8٪). أظهرت نتائج الدراسة الخاصة بالطلاب أن متوسط الطلاب الذكور أعلى دلالة إحصائية مقارنة بالإناث في متوسط البعد الأول: الدعم اللوجستي ، البعد الرابع: استخدام التعلم الإلكتروني ، البعد الخامس: جهوزية الطالب ، البعد السابع: مزايا التعلم الإلكتروني عن بعد والمجال ككل (P <0.05). بينما أظهر الجدول عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في المجالات الأخرى المدروسة مثل البعد الثاني : التجهيزات البشرية ، والبعد الثالث: البنية التحتية للتعليم عن بعد ، والبعد السادس: المعيقات (P> 0.05). ويمكن تفسير هذه النتيجة بصغر حجم العينة للذكور المشاركين ، والذي بلغ 70 طالبًا مقابل 230 طالبة. أظهرت نتائج الدراسة الخاصة بالطلاب وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين أسلوب التعلم الإلكتروني في متوسط المجال المدروس كبُعد 4: استخدام التعلم الإلكتروني ، البعد 5: جهوزية الطلبة ، البعد السادس: عقبات® ، البعد السابع: مزايا التعلم الإلكتروني عن بعد والمجال ككل (P <0.05). بينما أظهر الاختبار عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين أسلوب التعلم الإلكتروني في متوسط المجال المدروس كبُعد الأول: الدعم اللوجستي ، والبُعد الثاني: التجهيزات البشرية ، والبُعد الثالث: البنية التحتية للتعليم عن بعد(P> 0.05) . كما توصلت الدراسة إلى أن المتوسط الكلي لأبعاد الدراسة لـ 20 محاضراً كان (3.47 7/7 = 69.4٪) لكافة المجالات مما يدل على أن تصورهم جيد عن التعلم الإلكتروني. كان أعلى متوسط حول "البعد 6: عقبات" المجال (4.36 6/7 = 87.1٪) ، وكشف أن التصور العام لهذا المجال كان إيجابيًا ، وكان أدنى متوسط هو "البعد 4: استخدام التعلم الإلكتروني" ( 3.00 4/7 = 60٪) ، و "البعد 3: البنية التحتية للتعليم عن بعد" (3.06 3/7 = 61.22٪). وبناءً على النتائج التي تم التوصل إليها يوصي الباحث ببرامج إعداد المحاضرين وبرامج التطوير المهني لأعضاء هيئة التدريس بما في ذلك الدورات والبرامج الخاصة بالتعليم عن بعد ، وشرح آلياته ، وطرق التعلم ، وطرق التقييم ، والاختبارات في التعليم عن بعد. كما أوصت الباحث بضرورة تثقيف المجتمع المحلي وتغيير تصوره تجاه خريجي وطلاب التعليم عن بعد من خلال منحهم الثقة والاقتناع بقدراتهم وكفاءتهم.
- ItemEffect of Infection Prevention and Control Training on Healthcare Professionals' Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices at the Governmental Hospitals(Al-Quds University, 2023-07-22) akram zouhair saleh khalil; اكرم زهير صالح خليلInfections are one of the most common serious problems in health care facilities around the world. Health care professionals play a significant role in the spread of Hospital acquired infections. Practical and clinical training help to prevent and reduce the impact of acquired infections in hospitals, as well as restrict their spread. No country in the world is free of diseases acquired in various health facilities, so they recommended improving infection prevention and control strategies and training sessions, according to the World Health Organization. This study is categorized as cross-sectional. The study's aim was to assess infection prevention and control training on healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and practices in government hospitals . The targeted participants were nurses and doctors with at least one year of experience working in governmental hospitals in northern Palestine. The researchers designed a self-administrative questionnaire in English that will aid the participant's knowledge, practice, and attitude. The Questionnaire was created with the study's aim and objectives in mind and its conceptual framework with a five-minute response period. Data was collected from the ICU, ER, medical and surgical wards. SPSS software was used . According to the study's findings, 211 people participated, with the majority being men (130(61.6%) and 198(93.8%) having a bachelor's degree. More than one-fourth of them, 59(28.0%), are from Rafedia hospital, and around one-third of them, 72(34.1%), have 4-6 years of experience. The study confirmed that the physicians and nurses have a moderate knowledge level, a positive attitude level, and a good practice level in infection control. Also, the study indicated that there are no differences between training sessions both for nurse and doctor knowledge and practice of infection control, but there is a significant difference in attitude towards infection control. Provide additional training sessions and guidelines about infection control and prevention , the study recommends conducting further studies to evaluate the attitude and practices of infection control, conducting more detailed research with larger sample sizes and including more hospitals and health care professionals
- ItemKnowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regarding Menstruation among Adolescents, Female in the Gaza Strip( Alquds University, 2023-08-12) مرام سعيد مصطفى الشرفا; Maram Saeed Mustafa AlshurafaMenstruation is a physiological phenomenon that begins in females in adolescent age. However, it is a significant milestone in a girl's development as a sexual and reproductive being. Adolescent girls do not have adequate knowledge about the abnormalities and healthy practices to be followed during menstruation which might sometimes result into adverse outcomes. This study aimed to explore the current level of knowledge, attitude and menstrual hygiene practices during menstruation. This study used mixed method approach understand the phenomena under investigation, using a combination between quantitative (interviewed questionnaire) and qualitative paradigm (focus group discussion with school girls). The study was applied among 397 school girls between 12-17 years of age were selected by multistage sampling technique from governmental preparatory and secondary schools located in the Gaza Strip. Data consisted of menstrual and menstrual hygiene knowledge, menstrual and menstrual hygiene attitudes, menstrual hygiene practices, household and school environment. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 while qualitative by using MAXQUDA version 10. Participants’ mean age and menarche age were (14.9±1.55 years) and (13.11±1.17 years), respectively. Before menarche (59.7%) of the girls were aware about menstruation and mother was prime source of information (79.1%) in most of the study subjects. More than third of the girls in the study were not aware of the source of the bleeding. Only (37%) of participants have a good knowledge about menstruation while very few (4.3%) have good attitude and about half of participants (53.4%) express good menstrual hygiene practices. Majority of participants used sanitary napkins (98.5%), and (85.9%) showered during menstruation. Moreover, they reported that school toilets aren’t clean with poor supply for soap and papers. A statistically significant relationship was found between knowledge and age; girls of >14y had adequate knowledge comparing with girls of ≤14y. Girls who live in Gaza City had better knowledge and attitudes than girls from Khan Yunus and Rafah respectively. The results demonstrated that girls of grade eleven have a better menstrual hygiene practices than girls from grade ten. Study findings highlighted the need of adolescent girls to have accurate and adequate information about menstruation. Hence, a national intervention program is needed to increase awareness regarding menstruation among adolescent girls especially who are living in the south of Gaza Strip.
- Itemتقييم احتياجات الرعاية التلطيفية لمرضى السرطان والقائمين على رعايتهم في قطاع غزة( alquds university, 2023-05-20) محمد ناصر موسى الخالدي; Mohammed Nasser Mousa Alkhaldiالسرطان حالة متقدمة ومهددة للحياة أدت إلى وفاة ما يقرب 10 ملايين شخص في العالم في عام 2020. ولا يختلف الوضع في فلسطين عن العالم حيث يعتبر السرطان المسبب الثالث للوفاة في فلسطين. وسيزداد العبء على المرضى ومقدمي الرعاية من الأسرة مع استمرار ارتفاع حالات السرطان في قطاع غزة. بحلول عام 2040، سيزداد عدد الأشخاص الذين يحتاجون إلى الرعاية التلطيفية بنسبة 25٪ بسبب توقعات زيادة الإصابة بالسرطان. الأهداف: هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم احتياجات الرعاية التلطيفية لمرضى السرطان ومقدمي الرعاية الأسرية لهم في قطاع غزة. المنهجية: تم استخدام المنهج المختلط للجمع بين البيانات الكمية والنوعية (استبيانات المرضى ومقدمي الرعاية الأسرية الذاتية) والنماذج النوعية (المقابلات المتعمقة لمقدمي الرعاية الأسرية). تم إجراء البحث الكمي مع 371 مريضاً بالسرطان و388 من مقدمي الرعاية الأسرية. النسبة للمرضى، استخدمنا استبيان المشكلات والاحتياجات في الرعاية التلطيفية - نسخة قصيرة (PNPC-sv) ومقياس الاكتئاب والقلق والتوتر - 21 عنصرًا (DASS-21). بالنسبة لمقدمي الرعاية الأسرية، استخدمنا استبيان أداة التقييم الشامل للاحتياجات لمقدمي الرعاية من السرطان (CNAT-C). المقابلات النوعية المتعمقة مع 12 فردًا من مقدمي الرعاية في الأسرة. النتائج: بالنسبة للمرضى، كانت المشاكل المالية هي الأكثر انتشارًا، حيث تراوحت بين 46.9٪ و88.9٪، أما الاحتياجات المالية تراوحت بين 37.2٪ إلى 67.1٪. تلتها الاحتياجات الجسدية، حيث أشارت النتائج إلى أن التعب (87.9٪) والألم (82.2٪) كانا السببين الرئيسيين لمشاكل الأعراض الجسدية. أما بالنسبة لمقدمي الرعاية الأسرية، كانت احتياجات الرعاية التلطيفية تتعلق أساسًا باحتياجات المعلومات (83.4٪)، والدعم العملي (77.7٪)، ومرافق وخدمات المستشفى (71.7٪). الخلاصة: كان لدى المرضى ومقدمي الرعاية في الأسرة احتياجات رعاية ملطفة عالية وينبغي التركيز بشكل أكبر على الاحتياجات المادية والمعلوماتية والمالية.
- Itemknowledage,attitudes and practices towards excluive breastfeeding among women from Bethlehem area(Al-Quds University, 2023-05-23) Afnan Raid Mohammad Ghrayeb; افنان رائد محمد غريبBackground: The World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) recommend breastfeeding exclusively (EBF) for the first six months of a baby's life before introducing complementary foods. Numerous infant studies have demonstrated that breastfeeding is the optimal method, that it can reduce the incidence and severity of numerous infectious conditions, and that it is a major public health intervention for reducing infant mortality. Aim: The aim of the study is to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards exclusive breastfeeding of mothers and identify factors associated with the practices of exclusive breastfeeding. Methods: Across sectional study design was used to collect the data from the mothers who attended the two Maternal Child Health clinics (MCH) clinics and a major Governmental hospital located at Bethlehem governorate, Palestine. The data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire assessed the demographics, knowledge, attitudes and practices of exclusive breastfeeding. Factors affecting EBF knowledge, attitude and practice were assessed using the Chi-square test and a p-value of 0.05 as the level of significance. Results: The response rate was 94%, with 282 participants. The prevalence rate of EBF was 63% (95%CI, 57.2%-68.7%), the score knowledge about EBF was seen in 78% (95%CI, 72.3%-82.4%) of the participants, while score attitude was found in 78.7% (95%CI, 73.4%-83.4%) and score practice was reported in 9.2% (95%CI, 6.1% - 13.2%) of the participant only. The study found that about 98% of mothers had knowledge about the health benefits of breastfeeding for both the mother and child, while 55% reported that infant needs to take boiled iv herbs to relieve colic, especially in the first 6 months of life. In addition, 86% of the participants strongly agreed that breast milk should be given directly to newborns within an hour of birth, and 50% disagreed or were neutral with giving water in addition to BF is necessary. Moreover, 87.9% of the participants had previously breastfed their children, and 33.3% stopped breastfeeding due to the child's illness (diarrhea, fever, jaundice). Mother’s current age and their age at marriage were significantly associated with EBF knowledge (p-value= 0.01, 0.008 respectively) and with better EBF attitude (p-value= 0.008, 0.019 respectively). Mother’s age of marriage and the husband’s level of education were associated with EBF practice (p-value= 0.001, 0.04 respectively), Factors that were significantly associated positively with EBF are the mothers age (p= 0.15) and the mothers age at marriage p= (0.98), the education level of the husband(p=0.46). Multiple factors could explain these results such as the fear from the change in breast shape, employment and the fear from inadequate breast milk for baby development. Conclusion: Understanding the factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding and implementing appropriate interventions can help to increase the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and improve the health outcomes of infants and mothers. It is important to educate younger mothers and fathers about the benefits of breastfeeding and to address any concerns they may have about its impact EBF.