Characterization of Active Compounds in Medicinal Plants
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Characterization of Active Compounds in Medicinal Plants
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- ItemBiotechnology for conservation of palestinian medicinal plants(2012-07-03) Alkowni, Raed; Sawalha, KhaledMany plants of Palestinian flora are facing the risk of endanger, due to agricultural practices, environmental threats and consumption changes. In the absence of National program to conserve the Palestinian heritage of plant diversity, a tentative research work aimed in trial usage of available biotechnology’s methods for conserving several popular plants of medical, cultural and economical importance's. Tissue culturing of anise (Pimipnella anisum), sage (Salvia palestina), fenugreek (Trigonella sps), wild peppermint (Mentha spicita L.) and akoub (Gandelia tournefortii); using MS-media with specific plant growth regulators were successfully applied. Protocols for enhancing callus culturing, organogenesis and micropropagation of these tentatively threatened wild plants were developed and optimized in this research work. Based on the successfulness of propagation in vitro of these plants, a call for establishment of a Palestinian germplasm collection to conserve the Flora Palestina had been reported.
- ItemInland Treatment of the Brine Generated from Reverse Osmosis Advanced Membrane Wastewater Treatment Plant Using Epuvalisation System(MDPI, 2013-07-03) Qurie, Mohannad; Abbadi, Jehad; Khamis, Mustafa; Karaman, RafikThe reverse osmosis (RO) brine generated from the Al-Quds University wastewater treatment plant was treated using an epuvalisation system. The advanced integrated wastewater treatment plant included an activated sludge unit, two consecutive ultrafiltration (UF) membrane filters (20 kD and 100 kD cutoffs) followed by an activated carbon filter and a reverse osmosis membrane. The epuvalisation system consisted of salt tolerant plants grown in hydroponic channels under continuous water flowing in a closed loop system, and placed in a greenhouse at Al-Quds University. Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) plants were selected, and underwent two consecutive hydroponic flowing stages using different brine-concentrations: an adaptation stage, in which a 1:1 mixture of brine and fresh water was used; followed by a functioning stage, with 100% brine. A control treatment using fresh water was included as well. The experiment started in April and ended in June (2012). At the end of the experiment, analysis of the effluent brine showed a remarkable decrease of electroconductivity (EC), PO4 3−, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and K+ with a reduction of 60%, 74%, 70%, and 60%, respectively, as compared to the influent. The effluent of the control treatment showed 50%, 63%, 46%, and 90% reduction for the same parameters as compared to the influent. Plant growth parameters (plant height, fresh and dry weight) showed no significant difference between fresh water and brine treatments. Obtained results suggest that the epuvalisation system is a promising technique for inland brine treatment with added benefits. The increasing of channel number or closed loop time is estimated for enhancing the treatment process and increasing the nutrient uptake. Nevertheless, the epuvalisation technique is considered to be simple, efficient and low cost for inland RO brine treatment.
- ItemAnalysis of phenolic and flavonoids of wild ephedra alata plant extractsby lc/pda and lc/ms and their antioxidant activity(PKP, 2017-01-15) Fuad Al-Rimawi; Imad Odeh; Jehad Abbadi; Saleh Abu LafiBackground: Ephedra is among Palestinian medicinal plants that are traditionally used in folkloric medicine for treating many diseases. Ephedra is known to have antibacterial and antioxidant effects. The goal of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant activity of different extracts from the Ephedra alata plant growing wild in Palestine, and to analyze their phenolic and flavonoid constituents by HPLC/PDA and HPLC/MS. Materials and Methods: Samples of the Ephedra alata plant grown wild in Palestine were extracted with three different solvents namely, 100% water, 80% ethanol, and 100% ethanol. The extracts were analyzed for their total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activity (AA), as well as phenolic and flavonoids content by HPLC/PDA/MS. Results: The results revealed that the polarity of the extraction solvent affects the TPC, TFC, and AA of extracts. It was found that both TPC and AA are highest for plant extracted with 80% ethanol, followed by 100% ethanol, and finally with 100% water. TFC however was highest in the following order: 100% ethanol > 80% ethanol > water. Pearson correlation indicated that there is a significant correlation between AA and TPC, but there is no correlation between AA and TFC. Simultaneous HPLC-PDA and UHPLC-MS analysis of the ethanolic plant extracts revealed the presence of Luteolin-7-O-glucuronide flavone, Myricetin 3-rhamnoside and some other major polyphenolic compounds that share myricetin skeleton. Conclusion Ephedra alata extract is rich in potent falvonoid glycosidic compounds as revealed by their similar overlaid UV-Vis spectra and UHPLC-MS results. On the basis of these findings, it is concluded that Ephedra alata constitutes a natural source of potent antioxidants that may prevent many diseases and could be potentially used in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products.
- ItemThe Effect of Core stability and Kegel Exercises on Stress Urinary Incontinence and Quality of life among middle aged Palestinian Women(Al-Quds University, 2022-01-05) Wala Khalil Al-alami; ولاء خليل حسن العلاميBackground: Stress urinary incontinence is highly prevalent among middle- aged women, and it is highly associated with pregnancy, childbirth, aging, and after menopause. There are no statistics about the prevalence of this problem in Palestine, in addition to lack of knowledge about the pelvic floor muscles and their function, and the importance of physiotherapy role to treat women with stress urinary incontinence. This problem has a negative impact on their daily activities and quality of life and limits their participation in social activities. Many women do not seek medical help for stress urinary incontinence, and they consider it an embarrassing and sensitive condition for most of populations. Physiotherapy considered the first- line approach of conservative treatment for women with stress urinary incontinence, the intervention used to strengthen pelvic floor muscles, and to educate women on how lifestyle modification to improve quality of life and decrease the severity of incontinence. This study aimed to assess the effect of different conservative approaches of treatment on stress urinary incontinence and quality of life among middle- aged Palestinian women. Methods: An experimental randomized controlled trial (RCT) design was used. This study was conducted during April -December 2021 at Physio one center in Beit Ommar at Hebron. A number of 58 middle –aged Palestinian women with stress urinary incontinence were recruited in this study, the participants were randomly distributed into the experimental and control groups. Study tools were included the Incontinence Quality of Life Instrument (I-QOL), Ingelman-Sundberg scale, and the International Consultation of Incontinence (ICIQ) short form; these measures were used at baseline as preliminary tests and were compared with the post intervention test. Results: The two groups showed significant improvements, however the intervention group achieved significant improvement in all outcome measures post-test (p<0.05). Higher BMI, number of children, and pregnancy number associated with stress urinary incontinence severity. Conclusion: This study shows that a combination of Core Stability and Kegel exercise is an effective treatment for women with stress urinary incontinence, decreasing the number of urinary leakage episodes, and amount of leakage, so the severity of urinary incontinence decreased, and the quality of life was improved. Keywords: Pelvic floor muscle, stress urinary incontinence, lifestyle modification, physiotherapy هدف الدراسة: هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى مقارنة بين تمارين الثبات المركزي لعضلات الجدع وتمارين كيجل في علاج مشكلة السلس البولي الإجهادي، ودراسة تأثير هذه التمارين العلاجية على نوعية وجودة الحياة لدى النساء الفلسطينيات في منتصف العمر. المقدمة: السلس البولي الإجهادي: هو تسريب البول بشكل لا إرادي عند العطس، أو السعال، أو الضحك، أو ممارسة الرياضة، أوعند القيام بنشاط يزيد الضغط على البطن، وبالتالي زيادة الضغط على المثانة. تقوم عضلات قاع الحوض بدعم العاصرة العضلية الموصلة بالإحليل، فعندما يختل هذا الدعم تفشل العاصرة في الإغلاق فتسمح للبول بالتسريب. يعتبر الحمل، والولادة، والسمنة وسن اليأس من عوامل الخطر الأساسية عند النساء التي تتسبب في إضعاف عضلات قاع الحوض. لا يوجد أي إحصاءات في فلسطين عن عدد النساء المصابات بسلس البول الإجهادي ، كما أن النساء لا تبحث عن علاج طبي لحل مشكلة السلس البولي الإجهادي ، و تعتبر هذه المشكلة في معظم المجتمعات حساسة و محرجة، لذلك كان الهدف من هذه الدراسة بتسليط الضوء على دور العلاج الطبيعي كخط العلاج التحفظي الأول لعلاج السلس البولي الإجهادي عند النساء الفلسطينيات في منتصف العمر، حيث يقوم أخصائيون وأخصائيات العلاج الطبيعي على توضيح المعلومات عن عضلات قاع الحوض ،ووظيفتها ،وعوامل الخطر التي تضعف هذه العضلات، بالإضافة إلى تدريب النساء على تمارين العلاج الطبيعي ؛ لتقوية عضلات قاع الحوض وتقوية عضلات الجذع أو العضلات المركزية في الجسم . المنهج المتبع للدراسة: عينة هذه الدراسة هي تجربة عشوائية ذات شواهد، حيث تمت الدراسة على (58) إمرأة تعاني من السلس البولي الإجهادي، تم توزيعهن بشكل عشوائي إلى مجموعتين: حيث كان عدد النساء في المجموعة التجريبية (29) إمرأة وقد خضعن لتمارين الثبات المركزي لعضلات الجذع،وتمارين كيجل بواقع 3 مرات في الإسبوع، وكان عدد النساء في المجموعة الضابطة (29) إمرأة خضعن لتمارين كيجل فقط وتم متابعتهن مرة واحدة بالإسبوع من قبل أخصائية العلاج الطبيعي، حيث استمرت هذه الدراسة لمدة ستة أسابيع لكلا المجموعتين. خضعت النساء في كلا المجموعتين للاختبارات القبلية والبعدية المتعلقة بتسريب البول وكميته، وللاختبارات المتعلقة بجودة الحياة لدى النساء التي تعاني من السلس البولي الإجهادي. نتائج الدراسة: بعد الانتهاء من الدراسة أظهرت النتائج تحسنا معنويا في كلا المجموعتين بين نتائج الاختبار القبلي والبعدي p<0.05))، وكما أظهرت النتائج تحسنا معنويا أعلى لصالح المجموعة التجريبية في نتائج الاختبارات البعدية، بما في ذلك اختبار (ICIQ&(I-QOL). الاستنتاج:إن تأثير تمارين الثبات المركزي وتمارين كيجل كان لها دور فعال في علاج النساء اللواتي يعانين من السلس البولي الإجهادي، حيث أن هذه التمارين تقلل من كمية البول المتسرب، وتقلل من معدل حدوث التسرب خلال اليوم، وكما أن كان لها تأثيرا ايجابيا على نوعية وجودة حياة هؤلاء النساء.