سلطة القاضي في استجواب الخصوم ودوره في الاثبات المدني -دراسة مقارنة -
Date
2024-04-24
Authors
خليل يوسف حروب
Khalil Yousef Hroub
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
تناولت الدراسة سلطة القاضي في استجواب الخصوم ودوره في الاثبات المدني، وذلك من خلال أتباع المنهج الوصفي التحليلي المقارن، بالنظر الى التشريعات المدنية الفلسطينية الناظمة لهذا الموضوع، والى التشريعات المقارنة والاجتهادات القضائية في عدة دول، وقد تمحورت اشكالية الدراسة في شرح مدى نجاعة التنظيم القانوني للاستجواب في قانون البينات الفلسطيني رقم 4 لسنة 2001 في المحافظة على حقوق المواطنين وبيان الاسباب الموجبة للأخذ بنظام استجواب الخصوم في المعاملات المدنية التجارية، وهدفت الدراسة التوصل الى اقتراح تعديلات تشريعية تساهم في تحقيق العدالة الناجزة في فلسطين.
وقد توصلت الدراسة الى مجموعة من النتائج والتوصيات التي يأمل ان يستفيد منها العاملون في القانون في النظام القانوني الفلسطيني، ومن أبرز النتائج التي توصل لها الباحث في الرسالة يعتبر الاستجواب أحد وسائل الاثبات في الدعوى المدنية التي تكون في حالتين الحالة الأولى بناء على طلب القاضي او بناء على طلب الخصم، وتبين أيضا بانه يتوجب ان يكون هنالك ضوابط في الواقعة التي يكون فيها الاستجواب، من ضمنها ان تكون خاصة ومتعلقة بموضوع الدعوى، وبذات الوقت ان تكون مشروعة، كما ونجد ان لمشرع الفلسطيني اتاح في قانون البينات عدول القاضي عن اصدار قراره بالاستجواب بشرط تسبيب مبررات العدول ، بالإضافة الى ان قانون البينات الفلسطيني أجاز في حال تعذر حضور الشخص لأسباب مرتبطة بالمرض الانتقال من قبل القاضي الى مكان تواجده واستجوابه، ومن أبرز التوصيات للباحث في الرسالة نوصي بتعديل نص المادة 125 من قانون البينات الفلسطيني لتصبح " يكون توجيه الأسئلة من الخصم طالب الاستجواب، وللمحكمة توجيه الأسئلة التي تراها الى الخصم، وتوجه اليه كذلك ما يطلب من الخصم الاخر توجيهه منها متى كان الاستجواب من تلقاء نفسه، وتكون الإجابة في الجلسة ذاتها الا إذا رات المحكمة إعطاء ميعاد للإجابة "، كما ويوصي بضرورة قيام المعهد القضائي الفلسطيني بتنظيم ورشات عمل للسادة القضاة حول اليات الاستجواب، وأسباب بطلان الإجراءات الخاصة بالاستجواب ، ويوصي أيضا بضرورة قيام نقابة المحامين الفلسطينيين بتنظيم ورشات عمل للسادة المحاميين حول إجراءات الاستجواب في الدعوى المدنية.
The study examined the issue of the judge’s authority to question opponents in civil and commercial transactions, by following the comparative descriptive analysis approach, in view of the Palestinian civil legislation regulating this subject, and to the comparative legislation and judicial jurisprudence in several countries. The problem of the study revolved around addressing the extent to which The effectiveness of the legal regulation of interrogation in the Palestinian Evidence Law No. 4 of 2001 in preserving the rights of citizens and the course of justice? The study was divided into two chapters. The first chapter was entitled “What is the nature of interrogation in a civil case?” The first section will explain what is meant by interrogation and its justifications, and the second section will explain the legal framework for interrogation in the Palestinian legal system. In the second chapter, the researcher touched on the procedural framework of interrogation in a civil case, where the first section will explain In the mechanisms of interrogation in a civil case by the competent court, the second section will refer to the effects resulting from the interrogation. At the end of the study, the study reached a set of results and recommendations that it is hoped will benefit those working in the law in the Palestinian legal system. Among the most prominent results that the researcher reached in the thesis is that interrogation is considered one of the means of proof in a civil case, which in two cases is the first case at the request of the judge. Or at the request of the opponent, and it has also become clear that there must be conditions in the incident in which the interrogation takes place, including that it be private and related to the subject of the case, and in particular, and at the same time that it be legitimate، We also find that the Palestinian legislator allowed in the Evidence Law for the judge to withdraw from issuing his decision to interrogate, provided that he gives justification for the refusal. We also find that the Palestinian Evidence Law allowed, in the event that a person is unable to appear for reasons related to illness, to be transported by the judge to his location and to be interrogated. Among the most prominent recommendations of the researcher in the thesis is that we recommend amending the text of Article 125 of the Palestinian Evidence Law to read: “Questions shall be directed by the opposing party requesting the interrogation, and the court may direct the questions it deems appropriate to the opposing party, and it shall also address to him what he requests and what the other party is requested to direct from it whenever the interrogation is on its own initiative.” The answer will be in the same session unless the court decides to give a time for the answer. We also recommend that the Palestinian Judicial Institute organize workshops for the judges on the mechanisms of interrogation and the reasons for invalidating the procedures for interrogation. We also recommend that the Palestinian Bar Association organize workshops for the judges. About interrogation procedures in civil cases.
The study examined the issue of the judge’s authority to question opponents in civil and commercial transactions, by following the comparative descriptive analysis approach, in view of the Palestinian civil legislation regulating this subject, and to the comparative legislation and judicial jurisprudence in several countries. The problem of the study revolved around addressing the extent to which The effectiveness of the legal regulation of interrogation in the Palestinian Evidence Law No. 4 of 2001 in preserving the rights of citizens and the course of justice? The study was divided into two chapters. The first chapter was entitled “What is the nature of interrogation in a civil case?” The first section will explain what is meant by interrogation and its justifications, and the second section will explain the legal framework for interrogation in the Palestinian legal system. In the second chapter, the researcher touched on the procedural framework of interrogation in a civil case, where the first section will explain In the mechanisms of interrogation in a civil case by the competent court, the second section will refer to the effects resulting from the interrogation. At the end of the study, the study reached a set of results and recommendations that it is hoped will benefit those working in the law in the Palestinian legal system. Among the most prominent results that the researcher reached in the thesis is that interrogation is considered one of the means of proof in a civil case, which in two cases is the first case at the request of the judge. Or at the request of the opponent, and it has also become clear that there must be conditions in the incident in which the interrogation takes place, including that it be private and related to the subject of the case, and in particular, and at the same time that it be legitimate، We also find that the Palestinian legislator allowed in the Evidence Law for the judge to withdraw from issuing his decision to interrogate, provided that he gives justification for the refusal. We also find that the Palestinian Evidence Law allowed, in the event that a person is unable to appear for reasons related to illness, to be transported by the judge to his location and to be interrogated. Among the most prominent recommendations of the researcher in the thesis is that we recommend amending the text of Article 125 of the Palestinian Evidence Law to read: “Questions shall be directed by the opposing party requesting the interrogation, and the court may direct the questions it deems appropriate to the opposing party, and it shall also address to him what he requests and what the other party is requested to direct from it whenever the interrogation is on its own initiative.” The answer will be in the same session unless the court decides to give a time for the answer. We also recommend that the Palestinian Judicial Institute organize workshops for the judges on the mechanisms of interrogation and the reasons for invalidating the procedures for interrogation. We also recommend that the Palestinian Bar Association organize workshops for the judges. About interrogation procedures in civil cases.
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Citation
حروب، خليل يوسف. (2024). سلطة القاضي في استجواب الخصوم ودوره في الاثبات المدني -دراسة مقارنة - [رسالة ماجستير منشورة، جامعة القدس، فلسطين]. المستودع الرقمي لجامعة القدس.