خصوصية الضبط القضائي في جرائم المرور
Date
2025-01-12
Authors
بلقيس نائل جبريل جندي
Balqees Nael Jibreel Aljundi
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
هدفت هذه الدراسة للتعرف على ماهية خصوصية الضبط القضائي في جرائم المرور وفق احكام التشريع الفلسطيني، وهدفت ايضا الى التعرف على جريمة المرور من حيث اركانها وانواعها واحكامها العقابية، كما وهدفت الى التعرف على صلاحيات مأموري الضبط القضائي في التعامل مع جريمة المرور في الظروف العادية والاستثنائية، ولتحقيق هذه الاهداف اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، من خلال استقراء النصوص القانونية المتعلقة بجرائم المرور والاجراءات المتبعة من قبل مأموري الضبط القضائي، والقت الباحثة الضوء على بعض الاحكام القضائية التي كان لها دور في توضيح بعض النقاط، وقد ختمت الباحثة هذه الدراسة بعدة نتائج مهمة منها: ان جريمة المرور تقوم على فكرتي الضرر او الخطر، وحتى يقع الضرر في جريمة المرور يكفي ان يتحقق ضرر معين يلحق بالمصلحة المحمية، وان لم يتحقق فهي جريمة خطر، اما الركن المعنوي في جرائم المرور العمدية او غير العمدية يقوم على توفر عنصري العلم والارادة، فاذا انتفى احدهما تنتفي مسؤولية السائق، ونجد ان المشرع الفلسطيني اتجه الى التقسيم الثنائي في جرائم المرور، فلا يوجد في قانون المرور جنايات مرورية معاقب عليها بعقوبة جنائية، ويتضح ان الخصوصية التي تتمتع بها جريمة المرور استلزمت ان يكون الضبط القضائي متمتعا بخصوصية تميزه عن الضبط القضائي بوجه عام، ويمكن معرفة ذلك من خلال ان المشرع وسع من دائرة الضباط الذين يتمتعون بصفة الضبط القضائي في جرائم المرور لتشمل موظفين عاملين في مجال السلامة المرورية كموظفي وحدة الرقابة والتفتيش الميداني في وزارة النقل والمواصلات.
وقد توصلت الباحثة في هذه الدراسة الى مجموعة من التوصيات من اهمها: نوصي ان يتم الاخذ بعين الاعتبار القاعدة القانونية بأن الخاص يقيد العام، وبتطبيق ذلك على جرائم المرور نوصي بأن يتم النص صراحة على التصالح في قانون المرور بدلا من الرجوع الى احكام قانون الاجراءات الجزائية الفلسطيني، كما توصي الباحثة بأن تشدد العقوبة في بعض جرائم المرور، بحيث يكون هناك تناسب بين الجريمة والعقوبة فاذا ترتب على الفعل المجرم تعريض حياة الناس او سلامتهم للخطر فانه من الضروري عدم اقتصار العقوبة على الغرامة بل لابد من النص على عقوبات سالبة للحرية بما يحقق الردع المطلوب الى جانب الغرامة.
الكلمات المفتاحية: الضبط القضائي، الجرائم المرورية، التصالح الجزائي، الإثبات.
The specificity of judicial control in traffic crimes Done by: Balqis Nael Gabriel Al-Jundi Supervisor Dr.Samer Najm Al-Din Abstract This study aimed to identify the nature of the specificity of judicial control in traffic crimes according to the provisions of Palestinian legislation, and also aimed to identify the traffic crime in terms of its elements, types and punitive provisions, as well as to identify the powers of judicial control officers in dealing with traffic crimes in normal and exceptional circumstances. To achieve these goals, the study relied on the descriptive analytical approach, through extrapolation of legal texts related to traffic crimes and the procedures followed by judicial control officers. The researcher shed light on some judicial rulings that played a role in clarifying some points. The researcher concluded this study with several important results, including: The traffic crime is based on the ideas of harm or danger, and for harm to occur in a traffic crime, it is sufficient for a certain harm to be inflicted on the protected interest, and if it is not achieved, it is a crime of danger. As for the moral element in intentional or unintentional traffic crimes, it is based on the availability of the elements of knowledge and will. If one of them is absent, the driver's responsibility is absent. We find that the Palestinian legislator has moved towards the binary division in crimes, as there are no traffic crimes punishable in the Traffic Law. It is clear that the specificity of the traffic crime required that the judicial control enjoy a specificity that distinguishes it from the judicial control in general, and this can be known through the fact that the legislator expanded the circle of officers who enjoy the status of judicial control in traffic crimes to include employees working in the field of traffic safety such as employees of the field inspection and control unit in the Ministry of Transport and Communications. In this study, the researcher reached a set of recommendations, the most important of which are: We recommend the legislator to take into account the legal rule that the private restricts the public, and by applying this to traffic crimes, we recommend that reconciliation be explicitly stipulated in the traffic law instead of referring to the provisions of the Palestinian Code of Criminal Procedure, and the researcher also recommends the legislator to tighten the penalty in some traffic crimes, so that there is proportionality between the crime and the punishment, if the criminal act entails endangering people's lives or Their safety is at risk, it is necessary not to limit the penalty to a fine, but to stipulate penalties depriving freedom in order to achieve the required deterrence in addition to the fine Keywords: Judicial control, traffic offenses, criminal reconciliation, evidence
The specificity of judicial control in traffic crimes Done by: Balqis Nael Gabriel Al-Jundi Supervisor Dr.Samer Najm Al-Din Abstract This study aimed to identify the nature of the specificity of judicial control in traffic crimes according to the provisions of Palestinian legislation, and also aimed to identify the traffic crime in terms of its elements, types and punitive provisions, as well as to identify the powers of judicial control officers in dealing with traffic crimes in normal and exceptional circumstances. To achieve these goals, the study relied on the descriptive analytical approach, through extrapolation of legal texts related to traffic crimes and the procedures followed by judicial control officers. The researcher shed light on some judicial rulings that played a role in clarifying some points. The researcher concluded this study with several important results, including: The traffic crime is based on the ideas of harm or danger, and for harm to occur in a traffic crime, it is sufficient for a certain harm to be inflicted on the protected interest, and if it is not achieved, it is a crime of danger. As for the moral element in intentional or unintentional traffic crimes, it is based on the availability of the elements of knowledge and will. If one of them is absent, the driver's responsibility is absent. We find that the Palestinian legislator has moved towards the binary division in crimes, as there are no traffic crimes punishable in the Traffic Law. It is clear that the specificity of the traffic crime required that the judicial control enjoy a specificity that distinguishes it from the judicial control in general, and this can be known through the fact that the legislator expanded the circle of officers who enjoy the status of judicial control in traffic crimes to include employees working in the field of traffic safety such as employees of the field inspection and control unit in the Ministry of Transport and Communications. In this study, the researcher reached a set of recommendations, the most important of which are: We recommend the legislator to take into account the legal rule that the private restricts the public, and by applying this to traffic crimes, we recommend that reconciliation be explicitly stipulated in the traffic law instead of referring to the provisions of the Palestinian Code of Criminal Procedure, and the researcher also recommends the legislator to tighten the penalty in some traffic crimes, so that there is proportionality between the crime and the punishment, if the criminal act entails endangering people's lives or Their safety is at risk, it is necessary not to limit the penalty to a fine, but to stipulate penalties depriving freedom in order to achieve the required deterrence in addition to the fine Keywords: Judicial control, traffic offenses, criminal reconciliation, evidence
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Citation
جندي، بلقيس نائل. (2025). خصوصية الضبط القضائي في جرائم المرور [رسالة ماجستير غير منشورة]. جامعة القدس.