تطبيق منحى ستيم (STEM) في التَّعليم وعلاقته بتنمية مهارات التَّفكير العليا لدى طلبة المرحلة الاساسية الأولى من وجهة نظر المعلمين في فلسطين
Date
2023-07-29
Authors
ألحان شوقي أبو عرقوب
Alhan Shawki Abu Arqoub
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة تطبيق منحى ستيم (STEM) في التَّعليم وعلاقته بتنمية مهارات التَّفكير العليا لدى طلبة المرحلة الأساسيَّة الأولى من وجهة نظر المعلمين في فلسطين، ومدى وجود فروق بين متوسطات كل منهما باختلاف بعض المتغيرات كالجنس، والمؤهل العلمي، وسنوات الخبرة، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (255) من معلمي المدارس من مجتمع الدراسة المكون من (822) معلماً ومعلمة، حيث تم اختيار عينة الدراسة بالطريقــة الطبقية العشوائيـــة.
استخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفـي الارتـباطـي لمناسبته لطبيعة البيانات والمعلومات اللازمة لهذه الدراسة. وتكونت الاستبانه من ثلاثة أقسام تضمن القسم الأول المعلومات الأولية مثل الجنس، والمؤهل العلمي، وسنوات الخبرة. في حين تضمن القسم الثاني أداة تطبيق منحى ستيم (STEM) في التَّعليم ومقسم إلى محورين المحور الأوَّل: معرفة المعلمين واحتياجاتهم لتطبيق منحى STEM))، المحور الثَّاني: فاعليَّة منحى STEM)) في تنمية الابتكار للمعلمين، وتضمن القسم الثالث: أداة تنمية مهارات التَّفكير العليا لدى طلبة المرحلة الأساسيَّة الأولى من وجهة نظر المعلمين في فلسطين.
وبعد تحليل البيانات توصلت الدراسة إلى النتائج الآتية: أظهرت النتائج أن تطبيق منحى ستيم (STEM) فـــي التَّعليــم مِـــن وِجهــة نَظــر معلمي المرحلة الأساسية الأولى، كان بدرجة مرتفعة، وجاء محور تنمية مهارات التَّفكير العليا لدى طلبة المرحلة الأساسيَّة الأولى من وجهة نظر المعلمين في فلسطين أيضاً بدرجة مرتفعة، كما أشارت نتائج الدراسة أنه لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بَيــن المُتــوَسَّطـات الحِســابــيــة لتطبيق منحى ستيم (STEM) فـــي التَّعليــم مِـــن وِجهــة نَظــر المعلمين تعزى لمتغير ( الجنس، والمؤهل العلمي، وسنوات الخبرة). في حين أظهرت النتائج وجود فروق بَيــن المُتــوَسَّطـات الحِســابــيــة. كما أظهرت نتائج الدراسة وجود علاقة ارتباط طردية بين تطبيق منحى ستيم (STEM) في التَّعليم وتنمية مهارات التَّفكير العليا لدى طلبة المرحلة الأساسيَّة الأولى في فلسطين من وجهة نظر معلميهم. وفي ضوء نتائج الدراسة أوصت الباحثة بضرورة الحرص على تطبيق منحى ستيم في العملية التعليمية، إجراء دراسات تكشف المشكلات التي تواجه تطبيق منحى ستيم وكيفية التغلب عليها، وعقد دورات تدريبية وورشات عمل متخصصة لتوعية معلمي المدارس لاهمية تطبيق منحى ستيم في التعلم والتعليم بما يعزز من تنمية مهارات التفكير العليا لدى طلبة المرحلة الاساسية الأولى.
This study aimed to know the reality of the application of the STEM approach in education and its relationship to the development of higher thinking skills among students of the first basic stage from the point of view of teachers in Palestine, and the extent to which there are differences between the averages of each of them according to some variables such as gender, educational qualification, years of experience, and the formation of The study sample consisted of (255) school teachers from the study population consisting of (822) male and female teachers, where the study sample was chosen by the stratified random method. The researcher used the descriptive-relational approach to accomplish and achieve the objectives of the study due to its suitability to the nature of the data and information needed for this study. The questionnaire consisted of four sections. The first section included primary information such as gender, educational qualification, years of experience, while the second section included a tool for applying the STEM approach in education and was divided into two axes. The effectiveness of the STEM approach in developing innovation for teachers. The third section included: a tool for developing higher thinking skills among lower basic stage students from the point of view of teachers in Palestine. The fourth section included: problems of applying the STEM approch. After analyzing the data, the study reached the following results: The results showed that the reality of applying the STEM approach in education from the point of view of teachers of the lower basic stage was high, and the field of developing higher thinking skills among students of the lower basic stage from the point of view of teachers in Palestine. Also with a high degree, as the results of the study indicated that there are no statistically significant differences between the arithmetic averages of the reality of applying the STEM approach in education from the teachers’ point of view due to the variable of gender, educational qualification, years of experience). The results of the study also showed that there is a direct correlation between the application of the STEM approach in education and the development of higher thinking skills among students of the lower basic stage in Palestine from the point of view of their teachers. In the light of the results of the study, the researcher recommended the necessity of applying the STEM approach in the educational process, conducting studies that reveal the problems facing the application of the STEM approach and overcoming them, and holding training courses and specialized workshops to educate school teachers to apply the STEM approach in learning and teaching in order to enhance the development of higher thinking skills. The students of the lower basic stage
This study aimed to know the reality of the application of the STEM approach in education and its relationship to the development of higher thinking skills among students of the first basic stage from the point of view of teachers in Palestine, and the extent to which there are differences between the averages of each of them according to some variables such as gender, educational qualification, years of experience, and the formation of The study sample consisted of (255) school teachers from the study population consisting of (822) male and female teachers, where the study sample was chosen by the stratified random method. The researcher used the descriptive-relational approach to accomplish and achieve the objectives of the study due to its suitability to the nature of the data and information needed for this study. The questionnaire consisted of four sections. The first section included primary information such as gender, educational qualification, years of experience, while the second section included a tool for applying the STEM approach in education and was divided into two axes. The effectiveness of the STEM approach in developing innovation for teachers. The third section included: a tool for developing higher thinking skills among lower basic stage students from the point of view of teachers in Palestine. The fourth section included: problems of applying the STEM approch. After analyzing the data, the study reached the following results: The results showed that the reality of applying the STEM approach in education from the point of view of teachers of the lower basic stage was high, and the field of developing higher thinking skills among students of the lower basic stage from the point of view of teachers in Palestine. Also with a high degree, as the results of the study indicated that there are no statistically significant differences between the arithmetic averages of the reality of applying the STEM approach in education from the teachers’ point of view due to the variable of gender, educational qualification, years of experience). The results of the study also showed that there is a direct correlation between the application of the STEM approach in education and the development of higher thinking skills among students of the lower basic stage in Palestine from the point of view of their teachers. In the light of the results of the study, the researcher recommended the necessity of applying the STEM approach in the educational process, conducting studies that reveal the problems facing the application of the STEM approach and overcoming them, and holding training courses and specialized workshops to educate school teachers to apply the STEM approach in learning and teaching in order to enhance the development of higher thinking skills. The students of the lower basic stage
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Citation
أبو عرقوب، ألحان شوقي. (2023). تطبيق منحى ستيم (STEM) في التَّعليم وعلاقته بتنمية مهارات التَّفكير
العليا لدى طلبة المرحلة الاساسية الأولى من وجهة نظر المعلمين في فلسطين [رسالة ماجستير منشورة، جامعة
القدس، فلسطين]. المستودع الرقمي لجامعة القدس. https://arab-scholars.com/fe2ff1