مسؤولية الصحفي الجزائية عن نشر صور ضحايا الجريمة
Date
2022-07-25
Authors
شادي محمد عليان المشني
Shadi Mohammad Elyan Almashni
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
تعد الصحافة من أهم وسائل الإعلام والنشر، وبذات الوقت من أبرز طرق العلانية وأخطرها على وجه الإطلاق، كونها من أسرع الطرق في تداول الأخبار والموضوعات، ونظراً لما تملكه الصحافة من إمكانيات ضخمة تجعلها أكثر تتبعاً للأحداث في مختلف المجالات.
تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى إيجاد نوع من التوازن بين مبدأ حرية الصحافة في التعبير عن رأيهم وحق المجتمع في الإعلام من ناحية، وحق الإنسان في صورته من الناحية الأخرى، فتعد الصحافة التجسيد الأمثل لحق التعبير عن الرأي، وبالمقابل الحق في الصورة يخول صاحبه سلطة الاعتراض على نشر صورته أو إنتاجها حتى لو تم هذا الأمر في إطار ممارسة مهنة الصحافة.
وقد ثبت من خلال هذه الدراسة أن هذا التوازن يقوم على فرض بعض القيود التي تحد من الحق في نشر الصور لصالح الحق في الإعلام، على سبيل المثال كرضى صاحب الصورة في النشر أو الإنتاج، وأيضاً كحق المجتمع في المعرفة والإحاطة بالوقائع العلنية، وحقهم في معرفة ما يدور من أحداث تتعلق بالنشاط المهني للشخصيات العامة والشهيرة، وفي المقابل يقتضي هذا التوازن تقييد الحق في الإعلام تجاه الحق في نشر الصورة، حيث يتوجب أن يتقيد الحق في الإعلام على ضرورة المحافظة على كرامة الشخص الذي تمثله الصورة، ففي حال تجاوزت الصحافة حدود الحق الممنوحة لهم بموجب القانون فإنه يحق للشخص المتضرر والمعتدي على حقه في الصورة اللجوء إلى القضاء لمساءلة الصحفي جزائياً، وأن يطلب الحماية بشقيها الإجرائي والموضوعي، التي اعتبرها المشرع من الحقوق اللصيقة بالشخصية، حيث اتفق الفقه والقضاء على أن هذه الحماية تنطبق على الحق في الصورة، على اعتبار أن هذا الحق ينتمي لهذه الطائفة من الحقوق.
Press is considered one of the most important means of publishing and one of the most prominent and dangerous methods of publicity at all, this is because of the speed that press realizes in transmit news and subjects, and because what journals have of great capabilities that make them the most readable to what happened in all fields. This study aims to find a balance between the principle of freedom of the press, the right of the community in the media on the one hand, and the right man in his image on the other hand whereas the journalism is the optimal design of the right of expression, also the right in the image gives its owner to object to the production or publication of his image authority, even if this was in the context of the exercise of the profession of journalism. It has been proven through this study that this balance is based on some restrictions that limit the right in the picture in favor of the right to information, like the owner’s satisfaction production and publication of his image, the right of the community to take note of the facts public and what is going on from the events related to the professional activity of public and famous figures, in contrast, this balance requires restriction of the right to information to the right in the picture, where the right to information must comply with the need to preserve the dignity of the person represented by the picture, if the press exceeded the limits of the right granted to it, the victim has the right to access to justice, in order to request the protection- in both processual and substantive- that the legislator granted it to the personal rights, where both the jurisprudence and the judiciary agreed that this protection applies to the right in the image, on the grounds that this right belongs to this community of rights.
Press is considered one of the most important means of publishing and one of the most prominent and dangerous methods of publicity at all, this is because of the speed that press realizes in transmit news and subjects, and because what journals have of great capabilities that make them the most readable to what happened in all fields. This study aims to find a balance between the principle of freedom of the press, the right of the community in the media on the one hand, and the right man in his image on the other hand whereas the journalism is the optimal design of the right of expression, also the right in the image gives its owner to object to the production or publication of his image authority, even if this was in the context of the exercise of the profession of journalism. It has been proven through this study that this balance is based on some restrictions that limit the right in the picture in favor of the right to information, like the owner’s satisfaction production and publication of his image, the right of the community to take note of the facts public and what is going on from the events related to the professional activity of public and famous figures, in contrast, this balance requires restriction of the right to information to the right in the picture, where the right to information must comply with the need to preserve the dignity of the person represented by the picture, if the press exceeded the limits of the right granted to it, the victim has the right to access to justice, in order to request the protection- in both processual and substantive- that the legislator granted it to the personal rights, where both the jurisprudence and the judiciary agreed that this protection applies to the right in the image, on the grounds that this right belongs to this community of rights.