المسؤولية الجزائية عن اخلال الموظف العام بالتزامات الدولة التعاقدية
Date
2023-12-16
Authors
ياسمين خالد عودة الله فراجين
Yasmeen Khaled Audetallah Farajeen
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
إن توافر أحكام المسؤولية الجزائية في مجال العقود الإدارية كمساند للنظام القانوني لهذه العقود أمر لا جدال فيه خاصة في ظل غياب قانون إداري عقابي يضمن حماية الوظيفة العمومية من خلال التصدي لكل السلوكيات المضرة بوصفها جرائم في قطاع العقود الإدارية لها خصوصيتها وهذه الخصوصية انعكست على طبيعة أحكام المسؤولية الجزائية في مجال العقود الإدارية.
وتجسد ذلك في القواعد الموضوعية والإجرائية للمسؤولية خاصة أن مواجهة الجرائم الواقعة على العقود الإدارية تستدعي مقاربة شمولية في إطار السياسة الجنائية المعتمدة من قبل الدولة تأخذ في بعين الاعتبار خصوصية هذه الجرائم، وتميزها على مستوى طبيعة الفاعل حيث تتطلب توافر صفة معينة فيه أن يكون موظفاً عمومياً، مما يفرض التساؤل التالي: هل كرس المشرع الفلسطيني المسؤولية الجزائية عن اخلال الموظف العام بالتزامات الدولة التعاقدية؟
تهدف هذه الدراسة لإبراز الخصوصية التي تتمتع بها المسؤولية الجزائية للموظف العام في إطار الالتزامات التعاقدية وما يميزها عن غيرها من القواعد وذلك عبر تبني المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، انقسمت هذه الدراسة إلى فصلين حمل الفصل الأول عنوان غموض أسس المسؤولية الجزائية عن إخلال الموظف العام بالتزامات الدولة التعاقدية وقد انقسم هذا الفصل إلى مبحثين حمل المبحث الأول عنوان في صورة الخطأ العمدي في حين حمل المبحث الثاني عنوان في صورة الخطأ الغير عمدي.
وقد تطرق الفصل الثاني لعنوان يتعلق بنظام المسؤولية الجزائية عن اخلال الموظف العام بإلتزامات الدولة التعاقدية وعالج المبحث الأول من ذات الفصل شروط المسؤولية في حين تناول المبحث الثاني آثار المسؤولية، وقد تم التوصل في نهاية هذه الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج منها أن جرائم العقود الإدارية تعد من جرائم الفساد لأنها تتعلق بكل أنواع الإتجار بالوظيفة وهذا بدوره يؤدي إلى إخضاع الجرائم الخاصة بهذه العقود لذات القواعد الخاصة بالملاحقة الجزئية.
The availability of criminal liability provisions in the field of administrative con-tracts as a support for the legal system for these contracts is indisputable, espe-cially in light of the absence of a punitive administrative law that guarantees the protection of public office by confronting all harmful behavior as crimes in the sector of administrative contracts that have their own specificity, and this specific-ity is reflected in the nature of the liability provisions. Criminal law in the field of administrative contracts. This is embodied in the substantive and procedural rules of responsibility, espe-cially since confronting crimes committed against administrative contracts re-quires a comprehensive approach within the framework of the criminal policy adopted by the state that takes into account the specificity of these crimes and their distinction at the level of the nature of the perpetrator, as it requires the availability of a certain characteristic in him to be a public employee. Which pos-es the following question: Has the Palestinian legislator dedicate criminal liability for a public employee’s breach of the state’s contractual obligations? This study aims to highlight the specificity enjoyed by the public employee’s criminal liability within the framework of contractual obligations and what dis-tinguishes it from other rules, by adopting the descriptive and analytical ap-proach. This study was divided into two chapters. The first chapter was entitled The Ambiguity of the Foundations of Criminal Liability for the Public Employ-ee’s Violation of the State’s Contractual Obligations. This chapter was divided into two sections. The first section was titled The Intentional Error, while the sec-ond section was titled The Unintentional Error. The second chapter dealt with a title related to the system of criminal liability for a public employee’s breach of the state’s contractual obligations. The first section of the same chapter dealt with the conditions of liability, while the second section dealt with the effects of liability. At the end of this study, a set of results were reached, including that administrative contract crimes are among the Corruption crimes because they relate to all types of job trafficking, and this in turn leads to crimes related to these contracts being subject to the same rules for partial prose-cution.
The availability of criminal liability provisions in the field of administrative con-tracts as a support for the legal system for these contracts is indisputable, espe-cially in light of the absence of a punitive administrative law that guarantees the protection of public office by confronting all harmful behavior as crimes in the sector of administrative contracts that have their own specificity, and this specific-ity is reflected in the nature of the liability provisions. Criminal law in the field of administrative contracts. This is embodied in the substantive and procedural rules of responsibility, espe-cially since confronting crimes committed against administrative contracts re-quires a comprehensive approach within the framework of the criminal policy adopted by the state that takes into account the specificity of these crimes and their distinction at the level of the nature of the perpetrator, as it requires the availability of a certain characteristic in him to be a public employee. Which pos-es the following question: Has the Palestinian legislator dedicate criminal liability for a public employee’s breach of the state’s contractual obligations? This study aims to highlight the specificity enjoyed by the public employee’s criminal liability within the framework of contractual obligations and what dis-tinguishes it from other rules, by adopting the descriptive and analytical ap-proach. This study was divided into two chapters. The first chapter was entitled The Ambiguity of the Foundations of Criminal Liability for the Public Employ-ee’s Violation of the State’s Contractual Obligations. This chapter was divided into two sections. The first section was titled The Intentional Error, while the sec-ond section was titled The Unintentional Error. The second chapter dealt with a title related to the system of criminal liability for a public employee’s breach of the state’s contractual obligations. The first section of the same chapter dealt with the conditions of liability, while the second section dealt with the effects of liability. At the end of this study, a set of results were reached, including that administrative contract crimes are among the Corruption crimes because they relate to all types of job trafficking, and this in turn leads to crimes related to these contracts being subject to the same rules for partial prose-cution.