آثار بيع الحقوق المعنوية في المحل التجاري
Date
2023-01-08
Authors
محمود يوسف إبراهيم زبيدات
Mahmoud Youssef Ibrahim Zubeidat
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Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
موضوع هذه الدراسة يدور حول بيع المحل التجاري والذي لا يعني المكان الذي يباشر فيه الاستغلال التجاري، بل يقصد به فكره معنوية تنطوي تحتها مجموعة الأموال المخصصة لمزاولة المهنة التجارية، وهذه الأموال لا تكون إلا منقولة معنوية كانت أو مادية، وتكون قائمة بذاتها ولها كيانها المستقل عن هذه العناصر، لذلك هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تبيان مدى التنظيم القانوني في فلسطين لبيع المحل التجاري والعناصر المكونة له وتبيان العناصر المادية والمعنوية التي يشملها بيع المحل التجاري والعناصر التي يحتاج بيعها إلى اتفاق خاص، مع تبيان الإجراءات القانونية لنقل ملكية المحل التجاري وكل عنصر من العناصر المكونة له. لاسيما أن قانون التجارة الأردني رقم (12) لسنة 1966 ترك حكم التصرفات التجارية على عناصر المحل التجاري للأحكام القانونية الخاصة الناظمة لكل عنصر على حدا.
وللإجابة على ذلك قمنا بتعريف وتبيان عناصر المحل التجاري وتحديد طبيعته القانونية وخصائصه ثم بعد ذلك تم تبيان أحكام بيع المحل التجاري، مستعرضين النظريات الفقهية التي ظهرت في هذا المجال وموقف التشريع المقارن فيها، والآثار القانونية المترتبة على نقل ملكية المحل التجاري، لا سيما العناصر المادية والمعنوية المكونة له والتزامات المشتري والبائع، وضمانات هذا الاخير، من حق الحبس وامتياز وفسخ، مع تبيان ما يشوب التشريع المقارن من ثغرات والحلول المقترحة.
وقد تم إتباع المنهج التحليلي المقارن في هذه الدراسة، وقد خلصت الدراسة إلى أن قانون التجارة الأردني يشوبه ثغرات وتناقضات مجحفة مع واقع ودور المحل التجاري في عصرنا الحالي، وأصبح من واجب المشرع الوطني إصدار قانون خاص بالمتجر يتضمن الأحكام المتعلقة بالعمليات التي ترد عليه من بيع ورهن وتقديمة حصة في الشركة وإضافة إلى بعض العقود التي باتت تتمتع بأهمية اقتصادية متميزة ولا سيما عقد إيجار استغلال المتجر.
The subject of this study revolves around the sale of the commercial store, which does not mean the place where the commercial exploitation takes place, but rather a moral idea that contains under it the group of funds allocated for the practice of the commercial profession. These elements, are moral or material mobility’s therefore, this study aimed to show the extent of the legal organization in Palestine for the sale of the shop and its constituent elements, and to show the material and moral elements that are included in the sale of the shop and the elements whose sale requires a special agreement, with an indication of the legal procedures for transferring the ownership of the shop and each of the constituent elements. Especially since the Jordanian Trade Law No. (12) for the year 1966 left the rule of commercial behavior on the elements of the commercial store to the special legal provisions governing each element separately. In order to answer this, we defined and clarified the elements of the commercial store and determined its legal nature and characteristics. Then, the provisions for selling the commercial store were explained, reviewing the jurisprudential theories that appeared in this field and the position of comparative legislation in them, and the legal implications of transferring the ownership of the commercial store, especially the material and moral elements. Components of it and the obligations of the buyer and the seller, and the guarantees of the latter of the right of confinement, concession and termination, with an indication of the loopholes in the comparative legislation and the proposed solutions. The comparative analytical approach was followed in this study, and the study concluded that the Jordanian trade law is marred by gaps and unfair contradictions with the reality and role of the commercial store in our current era, and it has become the duty of the national legislator to issue a law for the store that includes provisions related to the operations that it receives from sale and mortgage And presenting a share in the company, in addition to some contracts that have become of distinguished economic importance, especially the lease contract for the exploitation of the store.
The subject of this study revolves around the sale of the commercial store, which does not mean the place where the commercial exploitation takes place, but rather a moral idea that contains under it the group of funds allocated for the practice of the commercial profession. These elements, are moral or material mobility’s therefore, this study aimed to show the extent of the legal organization in Palestine for the sale of the shop and its constituent elements, and to show the material and moral elements that are included in the sale of the shop and the elements whose sale requires a special agreement, with an indication of the legal procedures for transferring the ownership of the shop and each of the constituent elements. Especially since the Jordanian Trade Law No. (12) for the year 1966 left the rule of commercial behavior on the elements of the commercial store to the special legal provisions governing each element separately. In order to answer this, we defined and clarified the elements of the commercial store and determined its legal nature and characteristics. Then, the provisions for selling the commercial store were explained, reviewing the jurisprudential theories that appeared in this field and the position of comparative legislation in them, and the legal implications of transferring the ownership of the commercial store, especially the material and moral elements. Components of it and the obligations of the buyer and the seller, and the guarantees of the latter of the right of confinement, concession and termination, with an indication of the loopholes in the comparative legislation and the proposed solutions. The comparative analytical approach was followed in this study, and the study concluded that the Jordanian trade law is marred by gaps and unfair contradictions with the reality and role of the commercial store in our current era, and it has become the duty of the national legislator to issue a law for the store that includes provisions related to the operations that it receives from sale and mortgage And presenting a share in the company, in addition to some contracts that have become of distinguished economic importance, especially the lease contract for the exploitation of the store.
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Citation
زبيدات، محمود يوسف. (2023). آثار بيع الحقوق المعنوية في المحل التجاري [رسالة ماجستير منشورة، جامعة
القدس، فلسطين]. المستودع الرقمي لجامعة القدس. https://arab-scholars.com/2413b2