الشفافية الإدارية لدى مديري المدراس الحكومية في فلسطين وعلاقتها بالثقافة التنظيمية والسلوك الإبداعي من وجهة نظر المعلمين (رسالة دكتوراه)
Date
2024-07-14
Authors
زيد عيسى حسين أبو سرحان
Zaid Issa Hussein Abu Sarhan
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على درجة الشفافية الإدارية، لدى مديري المدراس الحكومية في فلسطين، وعلاقتها بالثقافة التنظيمية، والسلوك الإبداعي لدى معلمي المدارس، من وجهة نظر المعلمين، إذ تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي الارتباطي، وتكون مجتمع الدراسة من جميع معلمي ومعلمات المدارس الحكومية في المحافظات الشمالية في فلسطين، في العام الدراسي 2023/2024 والبالغ عددهم (35665) معلماً ومعلمة. اختار الباحث العينة العشوائية والتي اشتملت على (737) معلماً ومعلمة بنسبة (2%) من مجتمع الدراسة، و قام الباحث بتطوير استبانة تكونت من قسمين: القسم الأول، ويمثل المعلومات (الديمغرافية) لأفراد عينة الدراسة، القسم الثاني: وتضمن بصورته النهائية على (79) فقرة موزعة على ثلاثة محاور، المحور الأول: لقياس درجة الشفافية الإدارية، لدى مديري المدارس في فلسطين من وجهة نظر المعلمين، وتضمن بصورته النهائية على (42) فقرة، والمحور الثاني: وتضمن بصورته النهائية على (19) فقرة، لقياس درجة الثقافة التنظيمية، لدى مديري المدارس في فلسطين من وجهة نظر المعلمين، أما المحور الثالث، وتضمن بصورته النهائية على (18) فقرة، لقياس درجة السلوك الإبداعي لدى مديري المدارس في فلسطين من وجهة نظر المعلمين، وقد تم التحقق من صدق أداة الدراسة وثباتها بالطرق الإحصائية المناسبة.
وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن درجة الشفافية الإدارية، والثقافة التنظيمية، والسلوك الإبداعي لدى مديري المدارس الحكومية في فلسطين من وجهة نظر المعلمين جاءت بدرجة متوسطة. كما بينت الدراسة عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (α ≤ 0.05) بين متوسطات تقديرات أفراد عينة الدراسة لدرجة الشفافية الإدارية، لدى مديري المدارس الحكومية في فلسطين، من وجهة نظر المعلمين، تعزى لمتغيري الجنس وسنوات الخبرة، على جميع المجالات والدرجة الكلية. لكن تبين وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (α≤0.05) بين متوسطات تقديرات العينة لدرجة الشفافية الإدارية لدى مديري المدارس الحكومية في فلسطين، من وجهة نظر المعلمين، تعزى لمتغير المؤهل العلمي على الدرجة الكلية بين (بكالوريوس)، و(أعلى من بكالوريوس) ولصالح (أعلى من بكالوريوس)، وعلى المجالين (شفافية الإجراءات الإدارية، واتخاذ القرار).
كما بينت الدراسة، عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (α ≤ 0.05) بين متوسطات تقديرات أفراد عينة الدراسة، لدرجة الثقافة التنظيمية لدى مديري المدارس الحكومية في فلسطين، من وجهة نظر المعلمين، تعزى لمتغيرات الجنس، والمؤهل العلمي، وسنوات الخبرة على الدرجة الكلية.
كذلك بينت الدراسة عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (α ≤ 0.05) بين متوسطات تقديرات أفراد عينة الدراسة، لدرجة السلوك الإبداعي، لدى مديري المدارس الحكومية في فلسطين، من وجهة نظر المعلمين، تعزى لمتغيري الجنس، وسنوات الخبرة، على الدرجة الكلية. بينما تبين وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (α≤0.05) بين متوسطات تقديرات العينة، لدرجة السلوك الإبداعي، لدى مديري المدارس الحكومية في فلسطين، من وجهة نظر المعلمين، تعزى لمتغير المؤهل العلمي.
كما تبين أنه توجد علاقة ارتباطية إيجابية قوية دالة إحصائياً، عند مستوى الدلالة (0.05 ≥α )، بين الدرجة الكلية لمجالات محور الشفافية الإدارية، ومحور الدرجة الكلية لفقرات الثقافة التنظيمية، لدى مديري المدارس الحكومية في فلسطين، من وجهة نظر المعلمين. كذلك تبين وجود علاقة ارتباطية إيجابية قوية دالة إحصائياً، عند مستوى الدلالة (0.05 ≥α )، بين الدرجة الكلية لمجالات محور الشفافية الإدارية، ومحور الدرجة الكلية، لفقرات السلوك الإبداعي، لدى مديري المدارس الحكومية في فلسطين، من وجهة نظر المعلمين.
This study aimed to identify the level of administrative transparency among managers of government schools in Palestine and its relationship with organizational culture and creative behavior among teachers from the teachers' perspective. The correlational descriptive method was used, and the study population consisted of all teachers in government schools in the northern provinces of Palestine, in the academic year 2023/2024, totaling (35,665) teachers. The researcher used a random sample, which included (737) male and female teachers from the study community. The researcher developed a questionnaire consisting of two sections: the first section represents the demographic information of the study sample, while the second section: It includes in its final form (79) paragraphs distributed over three dimensions. The first dimension measures the degree of administrative transparency among school principals in Palestine from the perspective of teachers, and includes in its final form (42) paragraphs, the second dimension: It includes, in its final form, (19) paragraphs, to measure the degree of organizational culture among school principals in Palestine from the teachers' perspective, As for the third dimension, it includes, in its final form, (18) paragraphs, to measure the degree of creative behavior among school principals in Palestine from the teachers' perspective. The validity and reliability of the study tool have been verified using appropriate statistical methods. The results of the study showed that the level of administrative transparency among school principals in Palestine, from the perspective of teachers, was moderate. The level of organizational culture among school principals in Palestine, from the perspective of teachers, was also moderate. Additionally, the level of creative behavior among school principals in Palestine, from the perspective of teachers, was moderate. The study revealed no statistically significant differences at the significance level (α ≤ 0.05) between the mean estimates of the study sample individuals regarding the level of administrative transparency among government school principals in Palestine from the perspective of teachers, attributed to the variables of gender and years of experience in all fields and the overall grade. However, significant differences were found at a significance level (α≤0.05) between the sample means of the administrative transparency degree among government school principals in Palestine from the perspective of teachers attributed to the variable of academic qualification on the overall degree between (bachelor's) and (higher than bachelor's), in favor of (higher than bachelor's), and in both areas (administrative procedure transparency, decision-making).The study revealed no statistically significant differences at the significance level (α ≤ 0.05) between the means of the study sample's estimations of the organizational culture degree among government school principals in Palestine from the teachers' perspective, attributed to the variables of gender, educational qualification, and years of experience on the overall score. The study also showed no statistically significant differences at the significance level (α ≤ 0.05) between the mean estimates of the study sample individuals' creative behavior degree among government school principals in Palestine from the teachers' perspective attributed to the variables of gender and years of experience on the overall degree. However, it revealed the presence of statistically significant differences at the significance level (α ≤ 0.05) between the mean estimates of the sample for the degree of creative behavior among government school principals in Palestine from the teachers' perspective attributed to the variable of academic qualification. It is evident that there is a strong positive correlation statistically significant at the significance level (0.05 ≥α) between the overall score of the administrative transparency domain and the overall score of the organizational culture paragraphs among government school principals in Palestine from the teachers' perspective. Similarly, it is evident that there is a strong positive correlation statistically significant at the significance level (0.05 ≥α) between the overall score of the administrative transparency domain and the overall score of the creative behavior paragraphs among government school principals in Palestine from the teachers' perspective. Where the value of the correlation coefficient was (0.856); indicating a high correlation and strong relationship between the two variables (administrative transparency and creative behavior).
This study aimed to identify the level of administrative transparency among managers of government schools in Palestine and its relationship with organizational culture and creative behavior among teachers from the teachers' perspective. The correlational descriptive method was used, and the study population consisted of all teachers in government schools in the northern provinces of Palestine, in the academic year 2023/2024, totaling (35,665) teachers. The researcher used a random sample, which included (737) male and female teachers from the study community. The researcher developed a questionnaire consisting of two sections: the first section represents the demographic information of the study sample, while the second section: It includes in its final form (79) paragraphs distributed over three dimensions. The first dimension measures the degree of administrative transparency among school principals in Palestine from the perspective of teachers, and includes in its final form (42) paragraphs, the second dimension: It includes, in its final form, (19) paragraphs, to measure the degree of organizational culture among school principals in Palestine from the teachers' perspective, As for the third dimension, it includes, in its final form, (18) paragraphs, to measure the degree of creative behavior among school principals in Palestine from the teachers' perspective. The validity and reliability of the study tool have been verified using appropriate statistical methods. The results of the study showed that the level of administrative transparency among school principals in Palestine, from the perspective of teachers, was moderate. The level of organizational culture among school principals in Palestine, from the perspective of teachers, was also moderate. Additionally, the level of creative behavior among school principals in Palestine, from the perspective of teachers, was moderate. The study revealed no statistically significant differences at the significance level (α ≤ 0.05) between the mean estimates of the study sample individuals regarding the level of administrative transparency among government school principals in Palestine from the perspective of teachers, attributed to the variables of gender and years of experience in all fields and the overall grade. However, significant differences were found at a significance level (α≤0.05) between the sample means of the administrative transparency degree among government school principals in Palestine from the perspective of teachers attributed to the variable of academic qualification on the overall degree between (bachelor's) and (higher than bachelor's), in favor of (higher than bachelor's), and in both areas (administrative procedure transparency, decision-making).The study revealed no statistically significant differences at the significance level (α ≤ 0.05) between the means of the study sample's estimations of the organizational culture degree among government school principals in Palestine from the teachers' perspective, attributed to the variables of gender, educational qualification, and years of experience on the overall score. The study also showed no statistically significant differences at the significance level (α ≤ 0.05) between the mean estimates of the study sample individuals' creative behavior degree among government school principals in Palestine from the teachers' perspective attributed to the variables of gender and years of experience on the overall degree. However, it revealed the presence of statistically significant differences at the significance level (α ≤ 0.05) between the mean estimates of the sample for the degree of creative behavior among government school principals in Palestine from the teachers' perspective attributed to the variable of academic qualification. It is evident that there is a strong positive correlation statistically significant at the significance level (0.05 ≥α) between the overall score of the administrative transparency domain and the overall score of the organizational culture paragraphs among government school principals in Palestine from the teachers' perspective. Similarly, it is evident that there is a strong positive correlation statistically significant at the significance level (0.05 ≥α) between the overall score of the administrative transparency domain and the overall score of the creative behavior paragraphs among government school principals in Palestine from the teachers' perspective. Where the value of the correlation coefficient was (0.856); indicating a high correlation and strong relationship between the two variables (administrative transparency and creative behavior).