أثر عمليات القطاف على جودة زيت الزيتون في الضفة الغربية دراسة حالة محافظة القدس الشريف
Date
2024-08-03
Authors
طه حسين حسني جمل
Taha husein husni AlJamal
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Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
هدفت الدراسة التعرف الى أثر عمليات القطاف على جودة زيت الزيتون في الضفة الغربية دراسة حالة محافظة القدس الشريف، استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي، والمنهج التجريبي، تكونت عينة الدراسة من (200) من المزارعين في محافظة القدس، كما تم العمل على تجربة عملية ضمت عينة تكونت من(3) أشجار، كما تم استخدام الاستبانة كأداة للدراسة.
توصلت الدراسة إلى نتائج أهمها أنّ هناك تأثير لعمليات القطاف على جودة زيت الزيتون، حيث تبين من النتائج ان الطريقة اليدوية هي الافضل، وأن عملية القطف في منتصف شهر تشرين اول هي المناسبة للحصول على جودة مناسبة للزيت، فيما تبين أن هناك تأثير لعملية العصر المباشرة بعد القطاف، إذ تؤدي الى ارتفاع جودة الزيت، حيث يتأثر الزيت بعملية التخزين لأيام ويفقد الكثير من خصائصه، كما يسهم تخزينه في درجة حرارة عالية الى ارتفاع نسبة الحموضة.
وتوصي الدراسة بزيادة فرصة المشاريع التطويرية لقطاع الزيتون والتوجه نحو المدارس الحقلية لتعميم النتائج.وزيادة الدراسات المتعلقة بعمليات الخدمة لاشجار الزيتون وقلة المعلومات المقدمة والمتوفرة بهذا المجال يقلل من فرص تطوير قطاع الزيتون، وزيادة التدريب والتاهيل للكوادر الارشادية في مجال عمليات الخدمة وزيادة إنتاجية أشجار الزيتون، وتقديم الدعم المادي والفني للمزارعين وزيادة الوعي بعمليات الخدمة وخصوصا الري التكميلي ومكافحة الامراض لزيادة الإنتاجية.
The study aimed to identify the impact of harvesting processes on the quality of olive oil in the West Bank, specifically in the case of Jerusalem Governorate. The researcher employed both descriptive and experimental methodologies. The study sample consisted of 200 farmers in the Jerusalem Governorate, and an experimental trial was conducted involving a sample of three olive trees. A questionnaire was used as a research tool. The study concluded with several key findings, the most important of which is that harvesting processes significantly affect the quality of olive oil. The results indicated that the manual harvesting method is the best, and that harvesting in mid-October is optimal for obtaining suitable oil quality. It was also found that direct processing immediately after harvesting leads to higher oil quality; however, oil quality deteriorates with storage over several days, losing many of its properties. Additionally, storing oil at high temperatures results in increased acidity levels. The study recommends increasing opportunities for developmental projects in the olive sector and promoting field schools to disseminate the findings. It also calls for more research related to olive tree care processes, as the lack of available information in this area limits the potential for olive sector development. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for increased training and qualification of advisory staff in service processes to enhance olive tree productivity, as well as providing financial and technical support to farmers and raising awareness about care processes, particularly supplemental irrigation and disease control, to boost productivity.
The study aimed to identify the impact of harvesting processes on the quality of olive oil in the West Bank, specifically in the case of Jerusalem Governorate. The researcher employed both descriptive and experimental methodologies. The study sample consisted of 200 farmers in the Jerusalem Governorate, and an experimental trial was conducted involving a sample of three olive trees. A questionnaire was used as a research tool. The study concluded with several key findings, the most important of which is that harvesting processes significantly affect the quality of olive oil. The results indicated that the manual harvesting method is the best, and that harvesting in mid-October is optimal for obtaining suitable oil quality. It was also found that direct processing immediately after harvesting leads to higher oil quality; however, oil quality deteriorates with storage over several days, losing many of its properties. Additionally, storing oil at high temperatures results in increased acidity levels. The study recommends increasing opportunities for developmental projects in the olive sector and promoting field schools to disseminate the findings. It also calls for more research related to olive tree care processes, as the lack of available information in this area limits the potential for olive sector development. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for increased training and qualification of advisory staff in service processes to enhance olive tree productivity, as well as providing financial and technical support to farmers and raising awareness about care processes, particularly supplemental irrigation and disease control, to boost productivity.
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Citation
جمل، طه حسين. (2024). أثر عمليات القطاف على جودة زيت الزيتون في الضفة الغربية دراسة حالة محافظة القدس الشريف [رسالة ماجستير منشورة، جامعة القدس، فلسطين]. المستودع الرقمي لجامعة القدس.