أثر تعدد شركات التأمين على الإذعان في عقود التأمين دراسة مقارنة
Date
2023-10-16
Authors
فاطمة خالد محمود أبو داود
Fatima Khaled Mahmoud Abu Daoud
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
تناولت الدراسة مدى اعتبار عقد التأمين من عقود الإذعان في ظل تعدد شركات التأمين، واستخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي. حيث هدفت الدراسة للتعرف على عقد التأمين ودراسة الشروط القانونية الواجب توافرها فيه حتى يعتبر من عقود الإذعان، وهل ينتمي عقد التأمين إلى طائفة عقود الإذعان من عدمه في ظل انتفاء أحد أهم ضوابط عقود الإذعان وفي ظل تعدد الشركات، تهدف الدراسة أيضاً إلى توضيح الفرق بين مضمون فكرة الإذعان ومفهوم الاحتكار في القانون.
خلصت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج، أهمها: إن ما يُميز عقد الإذعان عن غيره من العقود هو وجود طرفين، أحدهما في مركز قانوني قوي والأخر ضعيف، وهنا يقوم الطرف القوي بفرض شروطه على الطرف الضعيف الذي لا يجد سوى قبول هذه الشروط دون أن يناقشها نظراً لأنه طرف ضعيف ويحتاج للخدمة أو السلعة، وهذا ما يؤكد على أن عقد التأمين من ضمن عقود الإذعان.
كذلك أوصت الدراسة بمجموعة من التوصيات، أهمها: ضرورة تدخل المشرع الفلسطيني للنص على اعتبار ديون المؤمن لهم في مواجهة شركة التأمين دين ممتاز، وذلك لتوفير الحماية اللازمة للمؤمن لهم من هذا الجانب. وكذلك يتوجب على المشرع الفلسطيني تدارك النقص الوارد في نص المادة 12 من قانون التأمين الفلسطيني بالنص على جواز تعديل الشروط التعسفية وفقاً لسلطة القاضي التقديرية، وليس فقط الغائها.
The study dealt with the extent to which the insurance contract is considered a compliance contract in light of the multiplicity of insurance companies, and the study used the descriptive analytical approach. Where the study aimed to identify the definition of the insurance contract and study the legal conditions that must be available in the insurance contract in order for it to be considered a compliance contract, and whether the insurance contract belongs to the category of compliance contracts or not in light of the absence of one of the most important controls of compliance contracts and in light of the multiplicity of companies, and to clarify the difference between The content of the idea of submission and the concept of monopoly in law. The study concluded with a set of results, the most important of which are: What distinguishes the contract of compliance from other contracts is the presence of two parties, one of which is strong and the other weak, and here the strong party imposes its conditions on the weak party, who finds nothing but accepting these conditions without discussing them, given that he is a weak party And he needs the service or the commodity, and this confirms that the insurance contract is among the contracts of compliance. The study also recommended a set of recommendations, the most important of which are: the need for the Palestinian legislator to intervene to stipulate that the debts of the insured against the insurance company be considered an excellent debt, in order to provide the necessary protection for the insured from this aspect. Likewise, the Palestinian legislator must remedy the deficiency contained in the text of Article 12 of the Palestinian Insurance Law, by stipulating that arbitrary conditions may be amended according to the discretionary authority of the judge, and not only their cancellation.
The study dealt with the extent to which the insurance contract is considered a compliance contract in light of the multiplicity of insurance companies, and the study used the descriptive analytical approach. Where the study aimed to identify the definition of the insurance contract and study the legal conditions that must be available in the insurance contract in order for it to be considered a compliance contract, and whether the insurance contract belongs to the category of compliance contracts or not in light of the absence of one of the most important controls of compliance contracts and in light of the multiplicity of companies, and to clarify the difference between The content of the idea of submission and the concept of monopoly in law. The study concluded with a set of results, the most important of which are: What distinguishes the contract of compliance from other contracts is the presence of two parties, one of which is strong and the other weak, and here the strong party imposes its conditions on the weak party, who finds nothing but accepting these conditions without discussing them, given that he is a weak party And he needs the service or the commodity, and this confirms that the insurance contract is among the contracts of compliance. The study also recommended a set of recommendations, the most important of which are: the need for the Palestinian legislator to intervene to stipulate that the debts of the insured against the insurance company be considered an excellent debt, in order to provide the necessary protection for the insured from this aspect. Likewise, the Palestinian legislator must remedy the deficiency contained in the text of Article 12 of the Palestinian Insurance Law, by stipulating that arbitrary conditions may be amended according to the discretionary authority of the judge, and not only their cancellation.
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Citation
أبو داود، فاطمة خالد. (2023). أثر تعدد شركات التأمين على الإذعان في عقود التأمين دراسة مقارنة [رسالة
ماجستير منشورة، جامعة القدس، فلسطين]. المستودع الرقمي لجامعة القدس. https://arab-
scholars.com/e2447e