قاعدة الاستثناء من النفي اثبات ومن الاثبات نفي وتطبيقاتها
Date
2020-01-18
Authors
كايد حسن عايد جلايطة
Kaied Hasan Ayeid Jalaytah
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
جاءت هذه الرسالة بعنوان " قاعدة الاستثناء من النفي إثبات ومن الإثبات نفي وتطبيقاتها" تبين أثر هذه القاعدة على المسائل الفقهية وأقوال الفقهاء في هذه المسائل ، تحت إشراف الأستاذ الدكتور الفاضل حسام الدين موسى عفانه ، قدمت لقسم الدراسات العليا لاستكمال رسالة الماجستير في جامعة القدس ، وتحتوي هذه الرسالة على ثلاثة فصول وخاتمة وفهرس للآيات والأحاديث والأعلام والمراجع.
جاءت هذه الرسالة تبين أثر [ قاعدة الاستثناء من النفي إثبات ومن الإثبات نفي على بعض الأحكام الفقهية من خلال النصوص الشرعية] .
المقدمة تبين أهداف ومبررات الدراسة، ومنهجية البحث والدراسات السابقة .
الفصل الأول تحدث عن القاعدة الأصولية في اللغة والاصطلاح، ومعنى الاستثناء لغة واصطلاحاً، والألفاظ المشتركة مع الاستثناء كالتخصيص والشرط، وعن شروط الاستثناء .
الفصل الثاني سار الحديث عن أقوال العلماء في القاعدة، وذكر أدلتهم ، وعن مناهج الأصوليين في النفي والاستثناء وعن الإثبات لغة واصطلاحاً، وعن التقييد والتخصيص، وأركان الاستثناء وأنواعه.
الفصل الثالث بين أثر القاعدة على الأحكام الفقهية، التي جاء الاستثناء فيها موضحاً للحكم الشرعي من خلال النصوص والأدلة الشرعية.
ومن أهم النتائج التي تم التوصل إليها أن" قاعدة الاستثناء من النفي إثبات ومن الإثبات نفي" لها أثر كبير على فهم كثير من الأحكام الفقهية.
This paper sheds the light on the impact of 'an exception of a negation is an affirmation and an exception of an affirmation is a negation' rule on the doctrinal and fundamental issues and on what jurists say accordingly. The paper consists of three chapters, a conclusion and appendices for the Holy Qur'an Verses, Hadiths, scholars, references and contents. This study clarifies the impact of 'an exception of a negation is an affirmation and an exception of an affirmation is a negation' rule and its applications' on some jurisprudence throughout Sharia provisions. The introduction tackles the objectives, the rational of the study, the research methodology and some previous studies. The first chapter discusses the fundamental rule linguistically and technically. Moreover, it tackles the definition of 'exception' from linguistic andtechnical perspectives. It also discusses exception collocated terms like allocation and stipulation and its conditions.In the second chapter, scholars' opinions related to the rule are discussedand their evidence is stated. Also, it shows fundamentalists' approaches in negations, exclusion, affirmation(from linguistic and terminological perspectives), restrictions, non-restrictions and exclusion's elements and its types. The third chapter shows the rule's effect on jurisprudence in which exclusion clarifies the rulings of Islamic laws throughout the legal provisions of Islam. The researcher opts for the comparative approach where he compares between jurists and portrays their evidence and quotations, and yet displays the proven ones with evidence. The researcher also follows the analytical descriptive approach. The most important finding is that the rule of "an exception of a negation is an affirmation and an exception of an affirmation is a negation" has a great impact on understanding many jurisprudences. One more meaning for this rule is "what extracts out of an opposite must get into another.
This paper sheds the light on the impact of 'an exception of a negation is an affirmation and an exception of an affirmation is a negation' rule on the doctrinal and fundamental issues and on what jurists say accordingly. The paper consists of three chapters, a conclusion and appendices for the Holy Qur'an Verses, Hadiths, scholars, references and contents. This study clarifies the impact of 'an exception of a negation is an affirmation and an exception of an affirmation is a negation' rule and its applications' on some jurisprudence throughout Sharia provisions. The introduction tackles the objectives, the rational of the study, the research methodology and some previous studies. The first chapter discusses the fundamental rule linguistically and technically. Moreover, it tackles the definition of 'exception' from linguistic andtechnical perspectives. It also discusses exception collocated terms like allocation and stipulation and its conditions.In the second chapter, scholars' opinions related to the rule are discussedand their evidence is stated. Also, it shows fundamentalists' approaches in negations, exclusion, affirmation(from linguistic and terminological perspectives), restrictions, non-restrictions and exclusion's elements and its types. The third chapter shows the rule's effect on jurisprudence in which exclusion clarifies the rulings of Islamic laws throughout the legal provisions of Islam. The researcher opts for the comparative approach where he compares between jurists and portrays their evidence and quotations, and yet displays the proven ones with evidence. The researcher also follows the analytical descriptive approach. The most important finding is that the rule of "an exception of a negation is an affirmation and an exception of an affirmation is a negation" has a great impact on understanding many jurisprudences. One more meaning for this rule is "what extracts out of an opposite must get into another.
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Citation
جلايطة، كايد حسن. (2020). قاعدة الاستثناء من النفي اثبات ومن الاثبات نفي وتطبيقاتها [رسالة ماجستير
منشورة، جامعة القدس، فلسطين]. المستودع الرقمي لجامعة القدس. https://arab-scholars.com/633519