المسؤولية المدنية لمنتجي الدواء عن الأضرار التي تلحق بالمستهلك في التشريعات الفلسطينية
Date
2025-01-15
Authors
حسين نبيل صالح قنام
Hussein Nabeel Saleh QANNAM
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
تناولت هذه الدراسة أهمية استخدام الدواء كضرورة بشرية للتداوي والوقاية من الأمراض وإزاء هذه الحاجة تزداد صناعة الأدوية انتشاراً وتزداد خطورتها وما يكسبها خصوصية ما يمكن أن ينتج عنها من أضرار لذا تبدو أهمية مساءلة منتجي الدواء ومن في حكمهم كضرورة تشريعية ملحة وهنا تظهر مشكلة الدراسة والتي تمثلت في البحث عن مدى كفاية التشريعات الفلسطينية لإقرار مسؤولية منتج الدواء المدنية عن الأضرار التي يمكن أن تسببها منتجاته ، وهو ما يتطلب من الباحث تناول مفهوم الدواء وبيان مدى توافر الصفة الخطرة فيه من خلال بيان العيوب التي يمكن أن تشوبه في مراحل إنتاجه وتخزينه وصولاً ليد المستهلك ثم تناولت الدراسة الجهات التي يمكنها إنتاج الدواء واستيراده وتوزيعه كما بحثتُ في الأساس القانوني لهذه المسؤولية وتبينَ أن أحكام المسؤولية المدنية التقصيرية هي الأكثر ملاءمة لتكون أساساً قانونياً يحكم هذه المسؤولية كما وضّحت هذه الدراسة الإجراءات التي يسلكها المتضرر في دعواه أمام القضاء وصولاً لحصوله على التعويض العادل ووجوب التقيد بما أضافته التعليمات الفنية الإلزامية رقم 63-2016 المسؤولية عن المنتجات المعيبة من أحكام خاصة لهذه الدعوى وحدود المسؤولية المدنية من حيث الأشخاص الذين قد يساهموا بخطأهم في احداث الضرر ومن ثم وضّحت الدراسة تعويض المتضرر وصور الضرر الخاضعة للتعويض وتقديره وعلى الوجه الآخر بينتْ هذه الدراسة أوجه الدفاع التي يمكن للمدعى عليه أن يدفع بها مسؤوليته سواء كانت تلك الدفوع العامة التي يتمسك بها المدعى عليه عموماً في أي دعوى مسؤولية وتطرقنا إلى دفوع خاصة نص عليها المشرع الفلسطيني يمكن معها لمنتج الدواء نفي مسؤوليته وخلصنا بالنتيجة إلى ضرورة التدخل التشريعي بإقرار تشريع خاص ينظم هذا النوع من المسؤولية لما للدواء من أهمية وانتشار يرافقه بالضرورة اتساع رقعة المتضررين من مستهلكي الدواء.
This study addresses the importance of medicine as a human necessity for treatment and disease prevention. In light of this necessity, the pharmaceutical industry is expanding, and with this growth, the associated risks are also increasing. This grants the industry a particular significance, especially given the potential harm that may result from pharmaceutical products. Therefore, the accountability of drug producers and those in equivalent positions emerges as an urgent legislative necessity. The study's central problem lies in examining the adequacy of Palestinian legislation in recognizing the civil liability of drug producers for the harm their products may cause. To address this issue, the study begins by exploring the concept of medicine and the extent to which it can be considered inherently dangerous. It outlines potential defects that may arise during the stages of production, storage, and distribution until the product reaches the consumer. The study also discusses the entities authorized to produce, import, and distribute medicine. It investigates the legal basis for liability and finds that the rules of tort-based civil liability are the most appropriate legal foundation to govern this responsibility. Furthermore, the study clarifies the legal procedures available to injured parties when seeking fair compensation through the judiciary. It highlights the necessity of complying with the mandatory technical instructions No. 63-2016 on liability for defective products, which include specific provisions relevant to this type of lawsuit and define the scope of civil liability, including the roles of other parties whose faults may contribute to the damage. Additionally, the study examines compensation for the injured party, the types of compensable damage, and how such compensation is assessed. On the other hand, it also presents the defenses available to the defendant, whether general defenses typically raised in civil liability cases or specific defenses stipulated by the Palestinian legislator that a drug producer may use to deny liability. The study concludes with the recommendation that legislative intervention is necessary. A dedicated law should be enacted to regulate this type of liability, given the importance and widespread use of pharmaceuticals and the corresponding increase in potential harm to consumers.
This study addresses the importance of medicine as a human necessity for treatment and disease prevention. In light of this necessity, the pharmaceutical industry is expanding, and with this growth, the associated risks are also increasing. This grants the industry a particular significance, especially given the potential harm that may result from pharmaceutical products. Therefore, the accountability of drug producers and those in equivalent positions emerges as an urgent legislative necessity. The study's central problem lies in examining the adequacy of Palestinian legislation in recognizing the civil liability of drug producers for the harm their products may cause. To address this issue, the study begins by exploring the concept of medicine and the extent to which it can be considered inherently dangerous. It outlines potential defects that may arise during the stages of production, storage, and distribution until the product reaches the consumer. The study also discusses the entities authorized to produce, import, and distribute medicine. It investigates the legal basis for liability and finds that the rules of tort-based civil liability are the most appropriate legal foundation to govern this responsibility. Furthermore, the study clarifies the legal procedures available to injured parties when seeking fair compensation through the judiciary. It highlights the necessity of complying with the mandatory technical instructions No. 63-2016 on liability for defective products, which include specific provisions relevant to this type of lawsuit and define the scope of civil liability, including the roles of other parties whose faults may contribute to the damage. Additionally, the study examines compensation for the injured party, the types of compensable damage, and how such compensation is assessed. On the other hand, it also presents the defenses available to the defendant, whether general defenses typically raised in civil liability cases or specific defenses stipulated by the Palestinian legislator that a drug producer may use to deny liability. The study concludes with the recommendation that legislative intervention is necessary. A dedicated law should be enacted to regulate this type of liability, given the importance and widespread use of pharmaceuticals and the corresponding increase in potential harm to consumers.
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Keywords
Citation
قنام، حسين نبيل. (2025). المسؤولية المدنية لمنتجي الدواء عن الأضرار التي تلحق بالمستهلك في التشريعات الفلسطينية [رسالة ماجستير غير منشورة]. جامعة القدس.