Aquaculture Effluent as a Green Alternative to Fertilizers: A Study on Nutrient Recycling and Heavy Metal Dynamics in Soil-Plant Systems.
Date
2025-10-12
Authors
Qurie, M.*,
Wazwaz, M.,
Razem, R.,
Awad, K.,
Ayyad, O.*,
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Sami Publishing Company (SPC)
Abstract
The valorization of waste streams is a cornerstone of circular economy and green chemistry principles. This study investigates the use of aquaculture effluent (AQE) as a green fertilizer for irrigating red leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. Red Sails), proposing a sustainable agricultural solution that addresses two issues: aquaculture waste management and reduced reliance on synthetic fertilizers. A greenhouse experiment compared lettuce irrigated with tilapia AQE to a control irrigated with freshwater (FW) supplemented with a commercial fertilizer. Results showed no significant differences in plant growth parameters (branch number, leaf length, and biomass) or tissue chemical composition between treatments. Crucially, post-harvest soil analysis revealed no accumulation of heavy metals beyond initial levels and no detectable microbiological contamination. The potential of AQE for nutrient recycling was confirmed, as soil levels of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and total potassium (TK) were maintained or improved. These findings demonstrate that AQE irrigation is a viable form of waste valorization, offering a safe and effective green alternative to conventional fertigation that supports circular nutrient management without compromising soil health or food safety.