الروايات المأثورة في الحروف المقطعة في فواتح السور " جمعا ودراسة "
Date
2023-06-19
Authors
صفاء يوسف محمد عليان
Safaa Yusuf Muhammad Alian
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
تحتوي هذه الدراسة على الروايات الواردة في الحروف المقطعة في فواتح السور ؛ وتشمل الأحاديث المروية بالإسناد إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ، والروايات المروية بالإسناد إلى الصحابة الكرام ، والروايات المروية بالإسناد إلى التابعين رضي الله عنهم جميعاً .
وتظهر أهمية هذا الموضوع من خلال اشتماله على الروايات المأثورة المرفوعة للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ، والمقطوعة على الصحابة رضي الله عنهم ، والموقوفة على التابعين ؛ التي تناولت الحروف المقطعة ؛ وبيان درجتها من الصحة ، وتظهر أهميتها أنها تتعلق بموضوع كثُر فيه الجدال والنزاع ؛ وهو تحديد دلالات الحروف المقطعة في فواتح السور .
وتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى استقصاء الروايات المأثورة التي تناولت الحروف المقطعة وجمعها ، سواء أكانت هذه الروايات أحاديث مرفوعة أو موقوفة أو مقطوعة مع الحكم على تلك الروايات ، ونسبتها إلى أصحابها ، وبيان مقاصدها الشرعية والإعجازية من ذكر الله عز وجل لها ، وذلك من خلال عرض ما توصل إليه المفسرون والعلماء من مقاصد ومعانٍ تتعلق بهذه الحروف ، والتوصل إلى الدلالات التي ترمي إليها الروايات المأثورة ــــ إذا كانت صحيحة ــــ ، ومناقشة تلك الروايات وما ترمي إليه .
وقد اتبعت الباحثة في إجراء هذه الدراسة المنهج الاستقرائي ، والمنهج الوصفي ، والمنهج التاريخي ، وقد استقرأت الباحثة الآثار المرفوعة والموقوفة والمقطوعة التي تناولت موضوع الحروف المقطعة ، واستخرجت منها المعاني التي لها علاقة مباشرة بالموضوع ، وأما في المنهج الوصفي فقد اتبعته الباحثة في توثيق إفادتها وما توصلت إليه من دلالات تعبر عنها الروايات والأحاديث التي تم جمعها ، ومن أجل ذكر درجة صحة كل رواية من الروايات المأثورة في الحروف المقطعة التي جمعتها الباحثة ، وأما المنهج التاريخي فقد اتبعته الباحثة في توظيف الترجمة الموجزة للرواة ؛ بما يخدم غرض البحث ، وبما يبين درجة كل راوٍ منهم من حيث الجرح والتعديل .
وجاءت هذه الرسالة في فصلين ؛ اشتمل الفصل الأول على مدخل للحروف المقطعة ، وأقوال العلماء فيها ، وأما الفصل الثاني فقد اشتمل على الروايات الواردة بالإسناد في الحروف المقطعة ، دراسةً وتخريجاً .
ومن أبرز النتائج التي توصلت إليها الباحثة في هذه الدراسة أنه لم يكن هناك روايات صحيحة مرفوعة للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم تتحدث عن معاني الحروف المقطعة ، بينما عند الانتقال إلى مرحلة الصحابة الكرام ظهرت بعض الروايات التي تشير إلى معاني لتلك الحروف ، وأظهرت الدراسة أيضاً أن الكلام في معاني الحروف المقطعة كان معدوماً في المبحث الأول الخاص بالأحاديث المرفوعة إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ، ثم توسع قليلاً في المبحث الثاني الخاص بمرويات الصحابة رضي الله عنهم ، ثم توسع أكثر في المبحث الثالث الخاص بمرويات التابعين الكرام .
ومن أبرز التوصيات التي توصي بها الباحثة أن يتم عمل دراسة مقارنة بين الأقوال المسندة في الحروف المقطعة في فواتح السور وبين الأقوال غير المسندة ، وذلك للوصول إلى مدى الاختلاف والتشابه في الدلالات والمعاني التي أطلقت على الحروف المقطعة بين الأقوال المسندة والأقوال الغير مسندة . هذا والله وولي التوفيق .
The importance of this topic shows how this study included the well- known narratives that are either related, stopped, or cut that deal with fragmented letters, by showing the level of accuracy , or the degree of validity, and their importance also appears to be related to a matter that is much debated between argument and dispute , it is indeed to define or determine the semantics of the cut letters in the opening of some scriptures. This study aims to look into or investigate the importance of the narrations that dealt with fragmented or cut letters , and collect them, whether these narrations were related, stopped, or cut, while judging and relating them to their authors .It also aims to show the main religious and miraculous purposes of why Almighty Allah( Glory be upon Him) mentioned them by presenting or showing what interpreters and scholars have found in terms of purposes and meanings that related to these letters, and reaching out to the significance or connotations that the narrations aim to find out if they are true-, and then discussing the purposes these narrations . The researcher o this study followed the inductive, destructive, and historical methods to conduct her research. The researcher studied the related, stopped and cut traces that aimed towards the subject of fragmented letters , and then she brought out the meanings that have direct relation with the subject. In the descriptive method, the researcher documented the testimony and the findings expressed of whatever meanings and connotations of the sayings of the prophet and the narrations that were collected .in order for the researcher to indicate the validity of the collection of narrations of fragmented letters, she followed the historical method . She employed this method by using the concise translation of the narrator, in a way to serve the purpose of the research , and to show the degree of each narrator in terms of Unfit and Modification . The thesis included two chapters: the first chapter contained the introduction to the fragmented letters and what the scholars had to say about them, and the second chapter included the related, stopped, and cut narration in the fragmented or broken letters ,study and elicitation. One of the most important results that the researcher reached in this thesis , that there is no existence or evidence of narrations that were related to the prophet ( peace and blessings be upon him) spoke of the meanings of the fragmented letters . And then, by the time of the prophet’s companions (may Allah be satisfied with them) ;the subject was slightly expanded. It expanded further during the time of the honorable followers . One of the utmost and important recommendations that are advised and suggested by the researcher , is to strategize or control a study in comparison between related sayings of the fragmented letters in the opening of some scriptures, and not related sayings , in order to find out or decide the similarities and the differences between the two categories. Allah is all Knowable and Conciliator.
The importance of this topic shows how this study included the well- known narratives that are either related, stopped, or cut that deal with fragmented letters, by showing the level of accuracy , or the degree of validity, and their importance also appears to be related to a matter that is much debated between argument and dispute , it is indeed to define or determine the semantics of the cut letters in the opening of some scriptures. This study aims to look into or investigate the importance of the narrations that dealt with fragmented or cut letters , and collect them, whether these narrations were related, stopped, or cut, while judging and relating them to their authors .It also aims to show the main religious and miraculous purposes of why Almighty Allah( Glory be upon Him) mentioned them by presenting or showing what interpreters and scholars have found in terms of purposes and meanings that related to these letters, and reaching out to the significance or connotations that the narrations aim to find out if they are true-, and then discussing the purposes these narrations . The researcher o this study followed the inductive, destructive, and historical methods to conduct her research. The researcher studied the related, stopped and cut traces that aimed towards the subject of fragmented letters , and then she brought out the meanings that have direct relation with the subject. In the descriptive method, the researcher documented the testimony and the findings expressed of whatever meanings and connotations of the sayings of the prophet and the narrations that were collected .in order for the researcher to indicate the validity of the collection of narrations of fragmented letters, she followed the historical method . She employed this method by using the concise translation of the narrator, in a way to serve the purpose of the research , and to show the degree of each narrator in terms of Unfit and Modification . The thesis included two chapters: the first chapter contained the introduction to the fragmented letters and what the scholars had to say about them, and the second chapter included the related, stopped, and cut narration in the fragmented or broken letters ,study and elicitation. One of the most important results that the researcher reached in this thesis , that there is no existence or evidence of narrations that were related to the prophet ( peace and blessings be upon him) spoke of the meanings of the fragmented letters . And then, by the time of the prophet’s companions (may Allah be satisfied with them) ;the subject was slightly expanded. It expanded further during the time of the honorable followers . One of the utmost and important recommendations that are advised and suggested by the researcher , is to strategize or control a study in comparison between related sayings of the fragmented letters in the opening of some scriptures, and not related sayings , in order to find out or decide the similarities and the differences between the two categories. Allah is all Knowable and Conciliator.