المسؤولية عن حوادث المركبات بين القانون والواقع
Date
2025-02-12
Authors
اميره خليل محمود ابو عرام
Ameera Khalil Mahmmoud Abu Eram
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
نظم المشرع الفلسطيني المسؤولية الجزائية عن المخالفات المرورية البسيطة والجسيمة بممارسة قانون المرور، وأقر المسؤولية عن حوادث السير بجميع أنواعها، سواء وقعت بسبب ارتكاب مخالفة مرورية أم فقط الإهمال أو عدم الاحتراز. بحيث أدرجها ضمن جنحة التسبب عن طريق الخطأ سواء بالإيذاء أو الوفاة أو تلف المركبة المنصوص عليها في قانون المرور. كذلك عالج قضية المركبات الغير قانونية والتي تضم حتى المركبات المسروقة والمركبات الإسرائيلية التي يمنع قيادتها على الأراضي الفلسطينية، وعد قيادتها عند تسببها في حادث مروري مخالفة سير يعاقب عليها بجريمة مستقلة عن جريمة التسبب بالحادث.
وعلى الرغم من تنظيم المشرع للمسؤولية الجزائية يتضح ملازمة القصور لها في المجتمع الفلسطيني باعتبار أن الحادث قضاء وقدر وأن الثقافة المجتمعية للأفراد تملي عليهم اللجوء إلى القضاء العشائري بدلاً من المسؤولية الجزائية، بالإضافة إلى أن الغالب الذي يهتم بالتعويض يكتفي بالمسؤولية المدنية التي تحقق له التعويض الكافي دون زرع الحقد في نفوس الأفراد وتحقيق الإصلاح والصلح والطيب بذات الوقت بين المتقاضين وهو ما لا نجده في القضاء الجنائي.
هدفت الدراسة إلى بيان إقرار المسؤولية الجزائية عن حوادث السير وبيان الأحكام المتعلقة بالحوادث المرورية باعتبارها جرائم مرورية، وتوضيح مدى تكريس المشرع الفلسطيني والمجتمع بالإضافة إلى الجهات الامنية والقضائية لها، من خلال اتباع المنهج التحليلي الوصفي. قسمت الدراسة إلى فصلين: تناول الأول عنوان قيام المسؤولية الجنائية عن حوادث السير بين المركبات، والثاني تناول امتداد المسؤولية المترتبة عن موضوع الدراسة. توصلت الدراسة إلى عدد من النتائج، ومنها: إن أعضاء الضابطة القضائية المتمثلين بشرطة المرور لهم الحق في تحريك الدعوى الجزائية المترتبة على حادث السير دون الرجوع إلى النيابة العامة وإن مذكرتهم أثناء الحادث تعتبر بحكم قانون المرور لائحة اتهام للمسؤول عن الحادث.
الكلمات المفتاحية: ( حوادث السير، المسؤولية الجزائية، المسؤولية المدنية، المخالفات والجرائم المرورية، الدعوى الجزائية عن حوادث السير، الإصلاح العشائري).
The Palestinian legislator organized criminal liability for minor and major traffic violations through the Traffic Law, and approved liability for traffic accidents of all kinds, whether they occurred due to committing a traffic violation or just negligence or lack of caution. It included it within the misdemeanor of causing harm, death or damage to the vehicle stipulated in the Traffic Law. It also addressed the issue of illegal vehicles, which even include stolen vehicles and Israeli vehicles that are prohibited from being driven on Palestinian lands, and considered driving them when they cause a traffic accident a traffic violation. It is punishable by a crime independent of the crime of causing the accident. Despite the legislator’s organization of Penal liability, it is clear that it is flawed in Palestinian society, considering that the incident is fate and destiny, and that the societal culture of individuals dictates that they resort to tribal justice instead of Penal liability. In addition, most of those who are interested in compensation are satisfied with civil liability, which achieves adequate compensation without planting hatred in the souls of individuals and achieving reform, reconciliation, and goodness at the same time between the litigants, which is something we do not find in the judiciary Criminal. The study aimed to clarify the recognition of criminal responsibility for traffic accidents and clarify the provisions. Related to traffic accidents as traffic crimes, and clarifying the extent to which the Palestinian legislator and society, in addition to the security and judicial authorities, devote themselves to them, by following the descriptive analytical approach. The study was divided into two chapters: the first dealt with the title of the criminal liability from traffic accidents between vehicles, and the second dealt with the extension of liability arising from the subject of the study. The study reached a number of results, including: that members of the judicial police represented by the traffic police have the right to initiate a criminal lawsuit arising from a traffic accident without referring to the Public Prosecution, and that their memorandum during the accident is considered, under the Traffic Law, an indictment of the person responsible for the accident. Keywords: (Traffic accidents, criminal liability, civil liability, traffic violations and crimes, criminal lawsuit for traffic accidents, tribal reconciliation).
The Palestinian legislator organized criminal liability for minor and major traffic violations through the Traffic Law, and approved liability for traffic accidents of all kinds, whether they occurred due to committing a traffic violation or just negligence or lack of caution. It included it within the misdemeanor of causing harm, death or damage to the vehicle stipulated in the Traffic Law. It also addressed the issue of illegal vehicles, which even include stolen vehicles and Israeli vehicles that are prohibited from being driven on Palestinian lands, and considered driving them when they cause a traffic accident a traffic violation. It is punishable by a crime independent of the crime of causing the accident. Despite the legislator’s organization of Penal liability, it is clear that it is flawed in Palestinian society, considering that the incident is fate and destiny, and that the societal culture of individuals dictates that they resort to tribal justice instead of Penal liability. In addition, most of those who are interested in compensation are satisfied with civil liability, which achieves adequate compensation without planting hatred in the souls of individuals and achieving reform, reconciliation, and goodness at the same time between the litigants, which is something we do not find in the judiciary Criminal. The study aimed to clarify the recognition of criminal responsibility for traffic accidents and clarify the provisions. Related to traffic accidents as traffic crimes, and clarifying the extent to which the Palestinian legislator and society, in addition to the security and judicial authorities, devote themselves to them, by following the descriptive analytical approach. The study was divided into two chapters: the first dealt with the title of the criminal liability from traffic accidents between vehicles, and the second dealt with the extension of liability arising from the subject of the study. The study reached a number of results, including: that members of the judicial police represented by the traffic police have the right to initiate a criminal lawsuit arising from a traffic accident without referring to the Public Prosecution, and that their memorandum during the accident is considered, under the Traffic Law, an indictment of the person responsible for the accident. Keywords: (Traffic accidents, criminal liability, civil liability, traffic violations and crimes, criminal lawsuit for traffic accidents, tribal reconciliation).
Description
Keywords
Citation
ابو عرام، اميره خليل. (2025). المسؤولية عن حوادث المركبات بين القانون والواقع [رسالة ماجستير غير منشورة]. جامعة القدس.