قياس مستويات التعرض الاشعاعي لأشعة التردد الراديوي المنبعثة من المصادر المختلفة في البيئة الفلسطينية
Date
2009-02-22
Authors
علاء الدين محمد صبح هماش
Alaa aldin Mohammad Subeh Hammash
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
AL-Quds University
جامعة القدس
جامعة القدس
Abstract
This study presents the results of exposure levels to radio frequency radiation emitted
from various electromagnetic sources in the Palestinian environment. These sources
include FM and TV broadcasting stations as well as mobile phone base stations. A
database of sources officially registered at the Palestinian Ministry of
Telecommunications and IT, has been established. All relevant technical data has been
provided by this ministry and in case of mobile phone base stations by the Palestine
Cellular Communications Ltd (Jawwal). This database includes information about 550
mobile phone base stations, 37 TV and 56 FM broadcasting stations. Locations and types
of these sources are illustrated on a West Bank map using GIS techniques. Power density and
electric field strength are measured in about 35 locations distributed over the West bank
area. These locations include centers of the main cities, highly populated areas as well as
rural areas. Also a 24 hours activity level is investigated for a mobile phone base station
to determine the maximum activity level for this kind of radio frequency radiation
sources. All measurements were conducted at a height of 1.7 m above ground level using
two spectrum analyzers (BK 2650 and Narda SRM 3000), with different antennas
capable of collecting radio frequency signals in the frequency bandwidth from 75 MHz to
3 GHz. Contributions from all relevant radio frequency sources to the total exposure are
evaluated in the city centers and found to be 66% from FM radio, 2% for TV
broadcasting and 32% from mobile phone base stations. This indicated that the main
source of exposure in our environment is FM radio broadcasting and not mobile phone
base station (which is the main source of public concern). The average value of power
density resulted from FM radio broadcasting in all locations is 0.148 μW/cm2, from TV
broadcasting is 0.007 μW/cm2 and from mobile phone base station is 0.089 μW/cm2. The
maximum power density measured at any location was 2.66μW/cm2, and is resulted from
FM radio broadcasting at the city center of Ramallah. This maximum measured power
density is about 1.3% of the maximum permissible level (200 μW/cm2) recommended by
the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection for the general
public.
Description
Keywords
الدراسات البيئية , Environmental Studies