أحكام الشروع في الجرائم الإلكترونية
Date
2024-06-10
Authors
جهاد جادالله محمود مسالمة
Jihad Jadallah Mahmood Masalmey
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
تناولت الدراسة مفهوم الشروع في الجرائم الإلكترونية من خلال تحديد مفهوم كل من الشروع والجريمة الإلكترونية، وبيان الإطار القانوني لها، كما تطرقت للتنظيم الموضوعي للشروع مبينة أهمية تجريمه، وموقف التشريعات من ذلك، بينما تناولت الأحكام الإجرائية من خلال كيفية التحري في مراحله المختلفة، والعقوبة على الشروع في الجنايات والجنح. وتتمثل الإشكالية الرئيسية بالآتي: هل تناول المشرع الفلسطيني الشروع في الجريمة الالكترونية بمفهومه الواسع أم اقتصر على ذكره بمفهومه الضيق؟
وتأسيساً على ذلك، خُصص الفصل الأول من الدراسة لمفهوم الشروع في الجرائم الإلكترونية بينما ركز الفصل الثاني من الدراسة على الأحكام الإجرائية المتعلقة بالشروع في الجرائم الإلكترونية، وفي سبيل تحقيق ذلك استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الاستنباطي والمنهج الوصفي التحليلي والنقدي، بحيث يتم البحث والتفصيل في كل جزئية من جزيئاتها، من الجانب الفقهي وما تضمنه من أراء واتجاهات مختلفة ومتباينة، وكذلك في الجانب التشريعي، وتحليل النصوص القانونية ذات الصلة في هذا الموضوع، حيث استندت على المصادر والمراجع والأبحاث المتوفرة طباعياً وإلكترونياً وغيرها من أدوات الدراسة المختلفة.
وخلصت إلى مجموعة من النتائج أهمها بأن الشروع في الجريمة الالكترونية هو البدء في تنفيذ سلوك إجرامي باستخدام الشبكة الالكترونية مؤدي إلى ارتكاب جناية أو جنحة ينتهي دون تحقق النتيجة الاجرامية، لأسباب لا دحل لإرادة الجاني فيها، ويتضح لنا من خلال دراسة مقتضيات القرار بقانون رقم 10 لسنة 2018 بشأن الجرائم الالكترونية وتعديلاته فإن المشرع الفلسطيني نص بشكل صريح على أن كل من شرع بارتكاب جناية أو جنحة من الجرائم الوارد ذكرها في هذا القرار بقانون يعد مرتكبا جريمة الشروع ويعاقب بنصف العقوبة المقررة، كما يتضح لنا من خلال القرار بقانون رقم 10 لسنة 2018 بشأن الجرائم الالكترونية وتعديلاته ومن خلال قراءة نصوصه بتمعن نجد بأنه لم يكن موفقا المشرع الفلسطيني في تناوله لأحكام الشروع في الجريمة الالكترونية وذلك يرجع إلى أنه لم يخصص فصلاً واحداً أو باباً لأحكام الشروع في الجريمة الالكترونية، بل اقتصر على تناوله من خلال مادتين فقط وهما (المادة 48 و49) من القرار بقانون رقم 10 لسنة 2018 بشأن الجرائم الالكترونية وتعديلاته.
من أبرز التوصيات التي توصلنا لهها من خلال هذه الدراسة، سن قانون شامل للجرائم الإلكترونية، يتضمن تعريفًا دقيقًا للشروع في الجريمة الإلكترونية، وتحديد العقوبات المناسبة لكل نوع من أنواع الشروع، وضرورة التركيز على مراجعة أحكام التفتيش في الجريمة الالكترونية والشروع فيها والعمل على تطويرها لتواكب طبيعة الجريمة الالكترونية وتنظيم ما يلزم من القواعد فيها.
The study dealt with the concept of attempted cybercrime by defining the concept of both attempted and cybercrime, and the statement of its legal framework, as well as the objective organization of the attempt, indicating the importance of criminalizing it, and the position of legislation on that, while dealing with procedural provisions through how to investigate in its various stages, and the penalty for attempted felonies and misdemeanors. The main problem is as follows: Did the Palestinian legislator address the initiation of cybercrime in a broad sense or did he limit himself to mentioning it in a narrow sense? Based on this, the first chapter of the study was devoted to the concept of attempted cybercrime, while the second chapter of the study focused on the procedural provisions related to the attempt to commit cybercrime, and in order to achieve this, the study used the methodology , the researcher followed in this study the deductive approach Descriptive, analytical and critical, so that research and detail are carried out in each of its parts, from the jurisprudential side and the opinions it contained. And different and different trends, as well as in the legislative and judicial aspects in what allows us to access its provisions, and the analysis of the relevant legal texts on this subject, as it was based on sources, references and research available in print, electronically and other various study tools, and the descriptive analytical approach where the statistics were referred to in the Palestinian Central Agency on the number of electronic crimes in Palestine. It is clear to us through studying the requirements of the resolution on Law No. 10 of 2018 on electronic crimes, the Palestinian legislator explicitly stated that anyone who attempted to commit a felony or misdemeanor of the crimes mentioned in this resolution by law is considered the perpetrator of the attempted crime and is punished with half of the prescribed penalty, As it is clear to us through the decision of Law No. 10 of 2018 on cybercrimes and by reading its texts carefully, we find that the Palestinian legislator was not successful in addressing the provisions of attempted cybercrime, due to the fact that he did not devote one chapter or a section to the provisions of attempted cybercrime, but was limited to addressing it through only two articles (articles 48 and 49) of the decision of Law No. 10 of 2018 on cybercrimes. One of the most prominent recommendations we have reached through this study is the enactment of a comprehensive law on cybercrime, which includes a precise definition of attempted cybercrime, determining the appropriate penalties for each type of attempt, and the need to focus on reviewing and initiating inspection provisions in cybercrime and work on developing them to keep pace with the nature of cybercrime and regulating the necessary rules in it.
The study dealt with the concept of attempted cybercrime by defining the concept of both attempted and cybercrime, and the statement of its legal framework, as well as the objective organization of the attempt, indicating the importance of criminalizing it, and the position of legislation on that, while dealing with procedural provisions through how to investigate in its various stages, and the penalty for attempted felonies and misdemeanors. The main problem is as follows: Did the Palestinian legislator address the initiation of cybercrime in a broad sense or did he limit himself to mentioning it in a narrow sense? Based on this, the first chapter of the study was devoted to the concept of attempted cybercrime, while the second chapter of the study focused on the procedural provisions related to the attempt to commit cybercrime, and in order to achieve this, the study used the methodology , the researcher followed in this study the deductive approach Descriptive, analytical and critical, so that research and detail are carried out in each of its parts, from the jurisprudential side and the opinions it contained. And different and different trends, as well as in the legislative and judicial aspects in what allows us to access its provisions, and the analysis of the relevant legal texts on this subject, as it was based on sources, references and research available in print, electronically and other various study tools, and the descriptive analytical approach where the statistics were referred to in the Palestinian Central Agency on the number of electronic crimes in Palestine. It is clear to us through studying the requirements of the resolution on Law No. 10 of 2018 on electronic crimes, the Palestinian legislator explicitly stated that anyone who attempted to commit a felony or misdemeanor of the crimes mentioned in this resolution by law is considered the perpetrator of the attempted crime and is punished with half of the prescribed penalty, As it is clear to us through the decision of Law No. 10 of 2018 on cybercrimes and by reading its texts carefully, we find that the Palestinian legislator was not successful in addressing the provisions of attempted cybercrime, due to the fact that he did not devote one chapter or a section to the provisions of attempted cybercrime, but was limited to addressing it through only two articles (articles 48 and 49) of the decision of Law No. 10 of 2018 on cybercrimes. One of the most prominent recommendations we have reached through this study is the enactment of a comprehensive law on cybercrime, which includes a precise definition of attempted cybercrime, determining the appropriate penalties for each type of attempt, and the need to focus on reviewing and initiating inspection provisions in cybercrime and work on developing them to keep pace with the nature of cybercrime and regulating the necessary rules in it.
Description
Keywords
Citation
مسالمة، جهاد جادالله. (2024). أحكام الشروع في الجرائم الإلكترونية [رسالة ماجستير منشورة، جامعة القدس، فلسطين]. المستودع الرقمي لجامعة القدس.