موافقة ابن تيمية للمذهب المالكي في كتاب الطهارة دراسة فقهية مقارنة
Date
2023-12-20
Authors
يزن أحمد محمد التلبيشي
Yazan Ahmed Mohammad Al-Talbishi
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Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
تعد اختيارات ابن تيمية-رحمه الله تعالى-ذات أهمية، لاسيّما أنه كان مشاراً إليه بالبنان في الفقه وغيره، واختياراته-رحمه الله تعالى- لم يتقيد فيها بمذهب معين، وإنما كان يبذل قصارى جهده في الوصول للراجح، وهذا ما أكسبه قبولاً عند أهل العلم؛ لأنه لم يكن منحازاً لمذهب بعينه، بل كان في آخر حياته مجتهداً في الفروع مقلداً للحنابلة في الأصول.
وقد تناولت هذه الدراسة موافقة ابن تيمية للمذهب المالكي في كتاب الطهارة، ودراسة تلك الموافقات دراسة فقهية مقارنة، وكان الباحث في هذه الرسالة متبعاً للمنهج الوصفي الاستقرائي، وقد خلص الباحث في هذه الدراسة إلى وجود ثلاث عشرة مسألة، كان فيها ابن تيمية موافقاً للمذهب المالكي في كتاب الطهارة، فكان من نتائجها أنه كان حافظاً للآثار مع قدرته على الاستنباط، جامعاً بين التأصيل والتفريع.
وكان الراجح مما تم دراسته في هذه الرسالة هو اختيارات ابن تيمية التي وافق فيها المالكية، إلا مسألتين وهما إجابة المتخلي للمؤذن، فإن ابن تيمية-رحمه الله تعالى-أجاز الترداد خلف المؤذن أثناء قضاء الحاجة، ولكن الذي تم ترجيحه خلال الدراسة هو قول الجمهور وهو: النهي عن الترداد خلف المؤذن لمن كان يقضي حاجته، ومسألة الموالاة في الوضوء فإن ابن تيمية-رحمه الله تعالى-أوجب الموالاة في حالة القدرة والذكر، ولم يوجبها في حالة وجود عذر كالسعي لطلب الماء في حالة انقطاعه والشخص يتوضأ، وفي حالة عدم القدرة خلافاً لمذهب الحنابلة الذين أوجبوا الموالاة مطلقاً وهذا ما تم ترجيه.
may God Almighty have mercy on him)are considered to be of great importance, especially since he was distinguished in jurisprudence and other matters. In addition to that, he did not adhere to a specific doctrine in his jurisprudential choices, but rather he did his best to reach the most correct one, and this is what gained him acceptance among the scholars, because he was not biased towards a particular doctrine, but rather at the end of his life he was a diligent scholar in the branches, imitating the Hanbalis in the principles. This research paper examines Ibn Taymiyyah’s agreement with the Maliki school in the book of purification, and examines those approvals as a comparative jurisprudential study. The researcher in this research paper followed the inductive descriptive approach. The researcher concluded in this study that there were thirteen issues in which Ibn Taymiyyah agreed with the Maliki doctrine. In the book of purification, one of its results was that Ibn Taymiyyah (may God Almighty have mercy on him) was a memorizer of works with the ability to deduce, combining rooting and branching. Moreover, this paper examines the preponderant opinion regarding Ibn Taymiyyah’s jurisprudential choices, in which he agreed with the Malikis, except for two issues, the first of which is the privy user’s repeating the call to prayer behind the muezzin. In this regard, Ibn Taymiyyah permitted repeating behind the muezzin while relieving oneself, but what was given preference during the study is the opinion of the majority of jurists that prohibit chanting after the muezzin for someone who is relieving himself. As for the second issue, it is the order in ablution (provided that there is not a long period of time between washing the body parts). In this regard, Ibn Taymiyyah obligated order in the case of ability and being able to remember, and he did not require it in the case of an excuse, such as striving to ask for water if it is interrupted during ablution or in the case of inability, and this is contrary to the doctrine of the Hanbalis, who absolutely obligated the ordering, and this is what was adopted.
may God Almighty have mercy on him)are considered to be of great importance, especially since he was distinguished in jurisprudence and other matters. In addition to that, he did not adhere to a specific doctrine in his jurisprudential choices, but rather he did his best to reach the most correct one, and this is what gained him acceptance among the scholars, because he was not biased towards a particular doctrine, but rather at the end of his life he was a diligent scholar in the branches, imitating the Hanbalis in the principles. This research paper examines Ibn Taymiyyah’s agreement with the Maliki school in the book of purification, and examines those approvals as a comparative jurisprudential study. The researcher in this research paper followed the inductive descriptive approach. The researcher concluded in this study that there were thirteen issues in which Ibn Taymiyyah agreed with the Maliki doctrine. In the book of purification, one of its results was that Ibn Taymiyyah (may God Almighty have mercy on him) was a memorizer of works with the ability to deduce, combining rooting and branching. Moreover, this paper examines the preponderant opinion regarding Ibn Taymiyyah’s jurisprudential choices, in which he agreed with the Malikis, except for two issues, the first of which is the privy user’s repeating the call to prayer behind the muezzin. In this regard, Ibn Taymiyyah permitted repeating behind the muezzin while relieving oneself, but what was given preference during the study is the opinion of the majority of jurists that prohibit chanting after the muezzin for someone who is relieving himself. As for the second issue, it is the order in ablution (provided that there is not a long period of time between washing the body parts). In this regard, Ibn Taymiyyah obligated order in the case of ability and being able to remember, and he did not require it in the case of an excuse, such as striving to ask for water if it is interrupted during ablution or in the case of inability, and this is contrary to the doctrine of the Hanbalis, who absolutely obligated the ordering, and this is what was adopted.
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Citation
التلبيشي، يزن أحمد. (2023). موافقة ابن تيمية للمذهب المالكي في كتاب الطهارة دراسة فقهية مقارنة [رسالة ماجستير منشورة، جامعة القدس، فلسطين]. المستودع الرقمي لجامعة القدس.