إستراتيجيات العدالة الانتقالية وتأثيرها على التنمية السياسية من وجهة نظر العاملين في الهيئة المستقلة لحقوق الإنسان "ديوان المظالم" " دراسة تطبيقية "
Date
2023-05-09
Authors
إبراهيم محمد إبراهيم صباح
Ibrahim Mohammed Ibrahim Sabbah
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
هدفت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن أثر العدالة الانتقالية بأبعادها المتمثلة في (معرفة الحقيقة، التعويض وجبر الضرر، الإصلاح المؤسسي، المصالحة الوطنية) في تحسين وتطوير التنمية السياسية من وجهة نظر موظفي الهيئة المستقلة لحقوق الإنسان في المحافظات الشمالية والجنوبية، واعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي للوصول إلى النتائج، واستخدمت الدراسة كلًّا من أداة الاستبانة، والمقابلات لجمع البيانات الأولية، وتكون مجتمع الدراسة من (61) من العاملين في الهيئة المستقلة، حيث تم استخدام أسلوب الحصر الشامل، وتم استرداد (43) استخدمت لأغراض التحليل بنسبة استرداد (70%) بالإضافة إلى إجراء عدد (20) مقابلة مع متلقي الخدمة "المشتكين".
وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج تمثل أهمها في وجود علاقة ارتباط إيجابية بين العدالة الانتقالية والتنمية السياسية، وذلك من خلال استخدام معامل ارتباط بيرسون حيث بلغت قيمة معامل الارتباط (0.772)، بمستوى دلالة (0.000) أقل من 0.05، بالإضافة إلى وجود أثر ذي دلالة إحصائية للعدالة الانتقالية بأبعادها المعتمدة على تحقيق وتحسين التنمية السياسية من وجهة نظر موظفي الهيئة المستقلة لحقوق الإنسان، وأخيرًا أظهرت نتائج الدراسة عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في متوسط استجابة المبحوثين تعزى للمتغيرات الديمغرافية (الجنس – المؤهل العلمي – سنوات الخدمة - المنطقة) حول متغيري العدالة الانتقالية والتنمية السياسية.
وقد أوصت الدراسة بضرورة تعزيز التعاون والمشاركة بين الهيئة المستقلة لحقوق الإنسان والهيئات الحقوقية الأخرى وبين المؤسسات والأجهزة الحكومية الفلسطينية، من أجل تعزيز وتحسين وتحقيق التنمية السياسية في المجتمع الفلسطيني، بهدف الوصول إلى العدالة والمساواة المرجوة داخل المجتمع، وكذلك تحقيق الحماية القانونية لأفراد المجتمع الفلسطيني خاصة في ظل الانتهاكات التي تمس حقوق الإنسان للمواطنين الفلسطينيين. كما أوصت الدراسة أيضًا بضرورة منح الهيئة المستقلة الرقابة الكاملة على الأجهزة الأمنية لتعزيز صلاحياتها بشكل أكثر قوة وأكثر إلزامًا، من أجل تعزيز قدرتها على تطبيق وتحقيق العدالة الانتقالية لتحسين التنمية السياسية داخل المجتمع الفلسطيني، والعمل على تنفيذها على أرض الواقع.
The study aims to uncover the impact of transitional justice and its dimensions (such as truth-seeking, compensation and reparations, institutional reform, and national reconciliation) on enhancing and developing political development, from the perspective of employees of the Independent Human Rights Commission in the northern and southern provinces. The study employs a descriptive-analytical approach to reach conclusions, utilizing tools such as questionnaires and interviews to gather primary data. The study sample consists of 61 employees in the Independent Commission, selected through a comprehensive sampling method. 43 questionnaires were retrieved for analysis (with a retrieval rate of 70%), in addition to conducting 20 interviews with service recipients (complainants). The study has yielded a set of results, the most significant of which is the presence of a positive correlation between transitional justice and political development, as evidenced by the use of the Pearson correlation coefficient. The correlation coefficient value was (0.772), with a significance level of (0.000) less than 0.05. Additionally, there is a statistically significant effect of transitional justice and its dimensions, which are aimed at achieving and enhancing political development, from the perspective of employees of the Independent Human Rights Commission. Finally, the study results indicated the absence of statistically significant differences in the average respondents' responses attributed to demographic variables (gender, educational qualification, years of service, region) regarding the variables of transitional justice and political development. The study recommends the necessity of enhancing cooperation and collaboration between the Independent Human Rights Commission and other human rights organizations, as well as with Palestinian governmental institutions and bodies. This is crucial for the purpose of advancing, improving, and achieving political development within Palestinian society, with the aim of attaining the desired justice and equality within the community. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the importance of achieving legal protection for Palestinian citizens, particularly in the face of human rights violations. The study also suggests granting the Independent Commission full oversight over security agencies to strengthen its authority and role. This empowerment would enable the Commission to effectively implement and achieve transitional justice, thus enhancing its ability to improve political development within Palestinian society. This involves translating these recommendations into practical action on the ground.
The study aims to uncover the impact of transitional justice and its dimensions (such as truth-seeking, compensation and reparations, institutional reform, and national reconciliation) on enhancing and developing political development, from the perspective of employees of the Independent Human Rights Commission in the northern and southern provinces. The study employs a descriptive-analytical approach to reach conclusions, utilizing tools such as questionnaires and interviews to gather primary data. The study sample consists of 61 employees in the Independent Commission, selected through a comprehensive sampling method. 43 questionnaires were retrieved for analysis (with a retrieval rate of 70%), in addition to conducting 20 interviews with service recipients (complainants). The study has yielded a set of results, the most significant of which is the presence of a positive correlation between transitional justice and political development, as evidenced by the use of the Pearson correlation coefficient. The correlation coefficient value was (0.772), with a significance level of (0.000) less than 0.05. Additionally, there is a statistically significant effect of transitional justice and its dimensions, which are aimed at achieving and enhancing political development, from the perspective of employees of the Independent Human Rights Commission. Finally, the study results indicated the absence of statistically significant differences in the average respondents' responses attributed to demographic variables (gender, educational qualification, years of service, region) regarding the variables of transitional justice and political development. The study recommends the necessity of enhancing cooperation and collaboration between the Independent Human Rights Commission and other human rights organizations, as well as with Palestinian governmental institutions and bodies. This is crucial for the purpose of advancing, improving, and achieving political development within Palestinian society, with the aim of attaining the desired justice and equality within the community. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the importance of achieving legal protection for Palestinian citizens, particularly in the face of human rights violations. The study also suggests granting the Independent Commission full oversight over security agencies to strengthen its authority and role. This empowerment would enable the Commission to effectively implement and achieve transitional justice, thus enhancing its ability to improve political development within Palestinian society. This involves translating these recommendations into practical action on the ground.