تداعيات حرب لبنان عام 1982 م على القضية الفلسطينية 1982_1991 م
Date
2009-08-26
Authors
أشرف نافذ عبد الحفيظ أبو سالم
Ashraf Nafez Abdel Hafeez Abu Salem
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
استعرض الباحث ، الأوضاع السياسية والعسكرية لمنظمة التحرير الفلسطينية منذ عام 1970م وحتى عام 1982م. ثم استعرض الباحث أهم المبادرات والمشاريع السياسية التي طرحت منذ عام 1973م وحتى 1981م ، وتطرق إلى أهم المواجهات التي وقعت بين المنظمة وبين إسرائيل " في لبنان قبل الحرب عام 1982م عندما قامت إسرائيل باجتياح لبنان في عمليتي الليط الي عام 1978م وعملية 1981م، التي سبقت الحرب عام 1982م. ثم تناول الباحث، مؤشرات ما قبل الحرب عام 1982م والظروف السياسية والعسكرية الت ساعدت على قيامها وأتبعه تعريف عام بالإستراتيجية الفلسطينية والإسرائيلية، خلال الحرب عام 1982م، ثم قام بعرض نتائج الحرب السياسية والعسكرية على الصعيدين الفلسطيني والإسرائيلي . كما استعرض الباحث، أهم العمليات العسكرية، التي نفذتها المقاومة الفلسطينية بعد حرب ع نام 1982م ، ثم تابع خطوت توجه المقاومة داخل الأراضي المحتلة عام 1967م ، مستعرضاً الظروف والأوضاع السياسية والعسكرية التي كانت سائدة في تلك الفترة، وصولا إلى قيام الانتفاضة عام 1987م، و بروز التيار الإسلامي المقاوم، واستعرض الباحث ك ذلك ، مفهوم الحرب ، وتعدد نتائجها وأهدافها ، ثم ناقش الوضع السياسي لمنظمة التحرير الفلسطينية بعد حرب لبنان عام 1982م ، و أهم مبادرات السلام العربية والدولية التي طرحت لإنهاء الصراع العربي الإسرائيلي، وموقف منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية حول مشاريع التسوية السياسية حتى مؤتمر مدريد عام 1991م .ثم ختم الباحث دراسته بذكر النتائج التي توصل إليها، وذكر مجموعة من التوصيات ، أوصى به . الجهات التي يتوقع استفادتها من المبحث .
هدف البحث معرفة تداعيات ونتائج هذه الحرب العسكرية والسياسية على القضية الفلسطينية ...استخدم الباحث المناهج البحثية التالية : المنهج التاريخي، لأن البحث احتاج إلى تتبع مراحل انتقال المقاومة من الأردن إلى لبنان حتى حرب عام 1982م، وما تلاها من متغيرات سياسية وعسكرية أنت بالمنظمة الجلوس على طاولة الحوار مع "إسرائيل"، في مؤتمر مدريد للسلام عام 1991م كما استخدم المنهج الاستقرائي ، حيث استنتج الباحث تأثيرات وتداعيات حرب عام 1982م، على المقاومة الفلسطينية وعلى منظمة التحرير والقضية الفلسطينية.خلص البحث إلى أن ، حرب لبنان عام 1982م أثرت على المقاومة الفلسطينية وعلى منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية، وأدت إلى تشتتها وتراجع العمل العسكري المقاوم وخسارة الجبهة اللبنانية النافذة الأخيرة في معركة المواجهة والصراع الفلسطيني الإسرائيلي ، الأمر الذي انعكس على الشعب الفلسطيني في الأراضي المحتلة عام 1967م، حيث انتقض عام 1987م على الاحتلال وممارساته القمعية وأدى إلى بروز قوة الحركة الإسلامية، وانطلاقة أجنحتها التنظيمية المتمثلة بحركة حماس والجهاد الإسلامي، و في نفس السياق أدت هذه الحرب إلى بداية تعاطي في مادة منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية، مع مبادرات ومشاريع التسوية السياسية للصراع .أوصى الباحث بضرورة الحفاظ على منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية ، كممثل شرعي ووحيد للشعب الفلسطيني في الداخل والخارج والعمل الفوري على تفعيلها وإعادة ترميمها على أمن من وطنية مشتركة تحوى جميع الفصائل والحركات الفلسطينية بلا استثناء ، م ن أجل تحرير الأراضي الفلسطينية المحتلة وإقامة الدولة الفلسطينية وعاصمتها القدس الشريف ، وأكد الباحث على قدسية حماية المقاومة الفلسطينية وضرورة تكاملها وترابطها بالعمل السياسي وتعدد أشكال كفاح ود صال الفلسطيني لخدمة القضية الفلسطينية .
The study discussed, the repercussions of the Lebanon war in 1982 on the Palestinian cause, also discussed the results, military and political repercussions, and came in search of seven chapters, including the introduction of research and its findings and recommendations. Researcher reviewed the conditions, political and military, of the Palestine Liberation Organization since 1970 and until 1982, namely: the exit of the Palestine Liberation Organization from Jordan and moved to Lebanon, and how to deal with the Lebanese civil war, in order to preserve the survival, the researcher moved to introduce the impact of war October 1973, on the Palestinian cause, and how they helped the war on the return of the Palestinian cause into the international arena, and the benefits the military and political Liberation Organization, of the war October 1973, and then reviewed by the most important political initiatives and projects that were raised since 1973 and until 1981, the results of the Camp David, on the Palestinian cause and discussed the most important confrontations that occurred between the PLO and "Israel" in Lebanon before the war in 1982, especially the processes of the Litani in 1978 and the process in 1981, and then deal with the researcher, the indicators of pre-war in 1982, and the political and military circumstances, which have helped it, and Optah common definition of the strategy and the Palestinian-Israeli war in 1982, and then introduced the results of the war the political and military, both the Palestinian and Israeli and clarified the roles and positions of Arab States and the West of the war, where the war that have left great damage to the Palestinian cause and resistance, where the dispersion of military strength and a decrease in military action and direct resistance against "Israel" has also hit the ranks of the war on Palestinian unity. Then discussed the researcher, the most important military operations, carried out by Palestinian resistance after the war in 1982, and then he steps directed resistance in the occupied territories in 1967, until the blessed uprising in 1987, and discussed the causes, objectives, organizational structure, and positions of Arab States and the West to the uprising in in 1987, and in the same context, the researcher referred to the circumstances and factors, which paved the way for the emergence of the Islamic resistance movement, especially the emergence and the emergence of Hamas and Islamic Jihad, and then discussed by the concept of war, and the results and objectives, and then discussed the political situation of the Palestine Liberation Organization after the war in Lebanon in 1982, and the most important initiatives of the Arab and international peace, which were to end the Arab-Israeli conflict, and the position of the Palestine Liberation Organization on the draft political settlement so that the Madrid Conference in 1991 . The goal of research to track the Palestinian resistance since the exit from Jordan and moved to Lebanon, and to identify the most important military operations carried out by "Israel" against the Palestinian resistance in Lebanon, leading to the declaration of war in 1982, the Palestinian resistance, and knowledge of the repercussions and the outcome of this war, the military and political issue Palestine . Finally, a researcher, pointed out that, the war in Lebanon in 1982, affected the Palestinian resistance and the Palestine Liberation Organization, and led to the vulnerability of military action, and the loss of the Lebanese front, and the establishment of a Palestinian uprising in 1987 against Israeli occupation And led to the emergence of the Islamic movement, and the entry of the (Hamas) and Islamic Jihad, the struggle with "Israel ". another important recommendations, was related to the need to preserve the Palestine Liberation Organization, for the liberation of the occupied Palestinian and the establishment of a Palestinian state with Jerusalem as its capital.
The study discussed, the repercussions of the Lebanon war in 1982 on the Palestinian cause, also discussed the results, military and political repercussions, and came in search of seven chapters, including the introduction of research and its findings and recommendations. Researcher reviewed the conditions, political and military, of the Palestine Liberation Organization since 1970 and until 1982, namely: the exit of the Palestine Liberation Organization from Jordan and moved to Lebanon, and how to deal with the Lebanese civil war, in order to preserve the survival, the researcher moved to introduce the impact of war October 1973, on the Palestinian cause, and how they helped the war on the return of the Palestinian cause into the international arena, and the benefits the military and political Liberation Organization, of the war October 1973, and then reviewed by the most important political initiatives and projects that were raised since 1973 and until 1981, the results of the Camp David, on the Palestinian cause and discussed the most important confrontations that occurred between the PLO and "Israel" in Lebanon before the war in 1982, especially the processes of the Litani in 1978 and the process in 1981, and then deal with the researcher, the indicators of pre-war in 1982, and the political and military circumstances, which have helped it, and Optah common definition of the strategy and the Palestinian-Israeli war in 1982, and then introduced the results of the war the political and military, both the Palestinian and Israeli and clarified the roles and positions of Arab States and the West of the war, where the war that have left great damage to the Palestinian cause and resistance, where the dispersion of military strength and a decrease in military action and direct resistance against "Israel" has also hit the ranks of the war on Palestinian unity. Then discussed the researcher, the most important military operations, carried out by Palestinian resistance after the war in 1982, and then he steps directed resistance in the occupied territories in 1967, until the blessed uprising in 1987, and discussed the causes, objectives, organizational structure, and positions of Arab States and the West to the uprising in in 1987, and in the same context, the researcher referred to the circumstances and factors, which paved the way for the emergence of the Islamic resistance movement, especially the emergence and the emergence of Hamas and Islamic Jihad, and then discussed by the concept of war, and the results and objectives, and then discussed the political situation of the Palestine Liberation Organization after the war in Lebanon in 1982, and the most important initiatives of the Arab and international peace, which were to end the Arab-Israeli conflict, and the position of the Palestine Liberation Organization on the draft political settlement so that the Madrid Conference in 1991 . The goal of research to track the Palestinian resistance since the exit from Jordan and moved to Lebanon, and to identify the most important military operations carried out by "Israel" against the Palestinian resistance in Lebanon, leading to the declaration of war in 1982, the Palestinian resistance, and knowledge of the repercussions and the outcome of this war, the military and political issue Palestine . Finally, a researcher, pointed out that, the war in Lebanon in 1982, affected the Palestinian resistance and the Palestine Liberation Organization, and led to the vulnerability of military action, and the loss of the Lebanese front, and the establishment of a Palestinian uprising in 1987 against Israeli occupation And led to the emergence of the Islamic movement, and the entry of the (Hamas) and Islamic Jihad, the struggle with "Israel ". another important recommendations, was related to the need to preserve the Palestine Liberation Organization, for the liberation of the occupied Palestinian and the establishment of a Palestinian state with Jerusalem as its capital.