جريمة الاضطهاد وإدامة الاستعمار في فلسطين
Date
2025-05-27
Authors
أشرف هشام موسى أبو حية
Ashraf Hisham Musa Abu Hayyeh
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
تناول بحثنا الممارسات الإسرائيلية بحق الشعب الفلسطيني وجريمة الاضطهاد، جرى تناول تلك الممارسات منذ الاستعمار البريطاني وقيام دولة إسرائيل؛ ودور الحركية الصهيونية في ارتكاب المجازر في فلسطين، وصولا إلى الممارسات الإسرائيلية المستمرة في الأرض الفلسطينية المحتلة عام 1967، شكلت فلسطين التاريخية الإطار الجغرافي للدراسة، كما شكل الشعب الفلسطيني محلا للدراسة في كافة التقسيمات الجغرافية التي فرضتها اسرائيل في فلسطين.
تمحور البحث حول مدى تحقق عناصر جريمة الاضطهاد في فلسطين، من حيث عناصر الجريمة المادية والمعنوية، وذلك بالاستناد إلى القانون الدولي العرفي وميثاق روما للمحكمة الجنائية الدولية، وذلك من خلال عرض للوقائع التاريخية في حقب زمنية مختلفة مرت بها فلسطين، وكيف شكلت الممارسات الاسرائيلية بحق الشعب الفلسطيني عناصر مكتملة لجريمة الاضطهاد وفق ما استقر عليه القانون الجنائي الدولي.
تناولت العديد من التقارير والدراسات الجرائم ضد الإنسانية في فلسطين، ولكنها في معظمها خلت من دراسة معمقة لجريمة الاضطهاد في فلسطين بعناصرها المختلفة كجريمة ضد الإنسانية، وهذا شكل الدافع الرئيسي لهذه الدراسة، كما هدفت الدراسة الى رفد العمل الحقوقي والمناصرة على الصعيد الدولي بعمل بحثي قانوني حول الممارسات الاسرائيلية وجريمة الاضطهاد في فلسطين بما يخدم مسار النضال الحقوقي الدولي لنصرة القضية الوطنية الفلسطينية وتمكين المدافعين والمدافعات عن حقوق الإنسان بمادة حقوقية قانونية تسهم في المساءلة الدولية لإسرائيل في المحافل الدولية كافة.
اعتمدت الدراسة على منهجية بحث مختلطة، شكل المنهج البحثي التاريخي أحد مناهج البحث العلمي، كما تم اعتماد المنهج التحليلي القانونيالذي يقوم على استخدام المصادر الاولية من القوانين الدولية وقرارات المحاكم الدولية، والاتفاقيات الدولية، واستخدام المصادر الثانوية من تقارير الهيئات الدولية المتخصصة والمؤسسات الحقوقية الدولية والوطنية وكذلك المراجع القانونية الهامة على صعيد القانون الجنائي الدولي، ومنشورات الباحثين في المجال. ويجري عرض الدراسة من خلال فصلين يعرض فيها الفصل الاول الوقائع المادية على أرض الواقع ضمن الإطار الجغرافي للدراسة والحقب التاريخية المختلفة، ويعرض الفصل الثاني جريمة الاضطهاد وتطورها التاريخي وعناصرها المادية والمعنوية وتطبيقاتها القضائية الدولية، وصولاً إلى التحلل القانوني للوقائع ومدى تحقق عناصر جريمة الاضطهاد في فلسطين.
خلصت الدارسة إلى نتيجة مفادها تحقق كافة عناصر جريمة الاضطهاد في فلسطين؛ إذ شكلت الممارسات الاسرائيلية في كافة الحقب التاريخية المختلفة وفي جميع التقسيمات الجغرافية جريمة اضطهاد كجريمة ضد الإنسانية، بما يتيح مساءلة اسرائيل عن هذه الجريمة سواء امام المحكمة الجنائية الدولية أو أمام هيئات قضائية خاصة يمكن تشكيلها للمساءلة عن الجرائم المرتكبة في فلسطين منذ الاستعمار البريطاني والتي ما تزال مستمرة إلى الآن.
Our research examined Israeli practices against the Palestinian people and the crime of persecution. It addressed these practices from the time of British colonial rule and the establishment of the State of Israel, highlighting the role of the Zionist movement in committing massacres in Palestine. The study also explored ongoing Israeli practices in the Palestinian territories occupied in 1967. Historic Palestine served as the geographical framework for the study, while the Palestinian people were the focus across all geographical divisions imposed by Israel in Palestine. The research centered on determining whether the elements of the crime of persecution are present in Palestine, considering both its material and moral components. This assessment was based on customary international law and the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. The study presented historical facts from different time periods in Palestine, illustrating how Israeli practices against the Palestinian people constitute the complete elements of the crime of persecution as established in international criminal law. Many reports and studies have addressed crimes against humanity in Palestine. However, most of them lack an in-depth examination of the crime of persecution as a distinct crime against humanity. This gap was the main motivation for this study. Additionally, the study aimed to support human rights advocacy at the international level by providing a legal research-based analysis of Israeli practices and the crime of persecution in Palestine. This serves the global human rights struggle for the Palestinian cause and equips human rights defenders with legal resources that contribute to Israel’s international accountability in all relevant forums. The study adopted a mixed research methodology. The historical research method was one of the scientific approaches used. Additionally, a legal analytical approach was employed, utilizing primary sources such as international laws, rulings of international courts, and international agreements. Secondary sources included reports from specialized international bodies, international and national human rights organizations, key legal references in international criminal law, and academic publications in the field. The study was presented in two chapters. The first chapter outlined the material facts on the ground within the geographical framework of the study and across different historical periods. The second chapter examined the crime of persecution, its historical development, its material and moral elements, and its applications in international courts. The chapter concluded with a legal analysis of the facts and an evaluation of the extent to which the elements of the crime of persecution are present in Palestine. The study concluded that all elements of the crime of persecution are present in Palestine. Israeli practices across different historical periods and in all geographical divisions have constituted the crime of persecution as a crime against humanity. This finding allows for Israel’s accountability for this crime, whether before the International Criminal Court or before special judicial bodies that may be established to prosecute crimes committed in Palestine since British colonial rule, which continue to this day.
Our research examined Israeli practices against the Palestinian people and the crime of persecution. It addressed these practices from the time of British colonial rule and the establishment of the State of Israel, highlighting the role of the Zionist movement in committing massacres in Palestine. The study also explored ongoing Israeli practices in the Palestinian territories occupied in 1967. Historic Palestine served as the geographical framework for the study, while the Palestinian people were the focus across all geographical divisions imposed by Israel in Palestine. The research centered on determining whether the elements of the crime of persecution are present in Palestine, considering both its material and moral components. This assessment was based on customary international law and the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. The study presented historical facts from different time periods in Palestine, illustrating how Israeli practices against the Palestinian people constitute the complete elements of the crime of persecution as established in international criminal law. Many reports and studies have addressed crimes against humanity in Palestine. However, most of them lack an in-depth examination of the crime of persecution as a distinct crime against humanity. This gap was the main motivation for this study. Additionally, the study aimed to support human rights advocacy at the international level by providing a legal research-based analysis of Israeli practices and the crime of persecution in Palestine. This serves the global human rights struggle for the Palestinian cause and equips human rights defenders with legal resources that contribute to Israel’s international accountability in all relevant forums. The study adopted a mixed research methodology. The historical research method was one of the scientific approaches used. Additionally, a legal analytical approach was employed, utilizing primary sources such as international laws, rulings of international courts, and international agreements. Secondary sources included reports from specialized international bodies, international and national human rights organizations, key legal references in international criminal law, and academic publications in the field. The study was presented in two chapters. The first chapter outlined the material facts on the ground within the geographical framework of the study and across different historical periods. The second chapter examined the crime of persecution, its historical development, its material and moral elements, and its applications in international courts. The chapter concluded with a legal analysis of the facts and an evaluation of the extent to which the elements of the crime of persecution are present in Palestine. The study concluded that all elements of the crime of persecution are present in Palestine. Israeli practices across different historical periods and in all geographical divisions have constituted the crime of persecution as a crime against humanity. This finding allows for Israel’s accountability for this crime, whether before the International Criminal Court or before special judicial bodies that may be established to prosecute crimes committed in Palestine since British colonial rule, which continue to this day.
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Keywords
Citation
أبو حية، أشرف هشام. (2025). جريمة الاضطهاد وإدامة الاستعمار في فلسطين [رسالة ماجستير غير منشورة]. جامعة القدس.