Microemulsion containing natural arbutin nanoparticles
Date
2021-08-31
Authors
Sojood Raed Ibraheem Abdeen
سجود رائد ابراهيم عابدين
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
يتم إنتاج قشور الفاكهة بكميات هائلة كمنتج ثانوي من منتج الكمثرى لإنتاج أربوتين ، إلى جانب حمض الكلوروجينيك والروتين ، وهو أحد المواد الكيميائية الفينولية الموجودة في ثمار الكمثرى وقشورها. في هذا البحث ، ركزنا على نظير الكمثرى لأن قشر الكمثرى هو نفايات بيولوجية ومنتج ثانوي ويمكننا تحقيق العديد من الأهداف. أولاً ، يتم استخلاص قشر الكمثرى بطريقة الصوتنة حيث استخدمنا الإيثانول بنسبة 70٪ كمذيب ، وتم الحصول على 51٪ من المستخلص. ثانيًا ، ظهرت كمية أربوتين في المستخلص الطبيعي بكمية عالية من أربوتين وفقًا لتحليل كروماتوجرافيا السائل عالي الأداء (HPLC). ثالثًا ، تم تحديد إنتاج المستخلص المضاد للجلوكوز بنسبة 18٪ عند 350 جزء في المليون من المستخلص باستخدام اختبار الألبومين المصل الجلوكوز البقري (BSA) في المختبر. ثم تم تقييم التأثيرات المضادة للأكسدة بين 32٪ إلى 39.7٪ بطريقة الكسح 2 ، 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). تم استخدام اختبار Folin-Ciocalteau لتحديد المحتوى الفينولي الكلي (TPC) والذي كان 64.4 مجم / GAE ، واستخدم اختبار قياس الألوان لتحديد محتوى الفلافونويد الكلي (TFC) الذي كان 13.9099 مجم / QE. أخيرًا ، تم تحميل مستخلص الكمثرى على مستحلب دقيق ، وهو مستقر ديناميكي حراري لزيادة التوافر البيولوجي والنفاذية عبر الجلد. تم تحضير مخطط الطور الثلاثي الزائف بطريقة المعايرة ورسمه لتحديد مناطق الاستحلاب الدقيق. يتكون المستحلب الدقيق من Isopropylmyristate (IPM) كمرحلة زيت ، Polysorbate 20 (Tween20) كمادة خافض للتوتر السطحي ، و ehanol كمرحلة خافض للتوتر السطحي ، ومستخلص قشر الكمثرى كمرحلة مائية. ظهرت ثلاث مناطق في مخطط الطور الثلاثي pesdo وهي منطقة المستحلب الدقيق ومنطقة المستحلب ومنطقة المراحل الثلاث. كانت منطقة المستحلب الدقيق هي الأعلى.
Fruit peels are produced in enormous quantities as a byproduct of pear product to produce Arbutin, along with chlorogenic acid and rutin, it is one of the phenolic chemicals found in pear fruits and peels. In this research, we focused on pear peels since the pear peel is a bio-waste and a byproduct and we could achieve many objectives. Firstly, the pear peel is extracted by sonication method using ethanol 70% as a solvent, in which 50% of the extract was obtained. Secondly, The amount of arbutin in the natural extract has appeared in a high quantity according High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Thirdly, the anti-glycation production of extract was determined to be 18% at 350 ppm of the extract by using an in vitro glucose-bovine serum albumin (BSA) test. Then the antioxidant effects were evaluated and found to be between 32% to 39.7% using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging method. A Folin-Ciocalteau test was used to determine total phenolic content (TPC) which was 64.4 mg/GAE , and a colorimetric assay was used to determine total flavonoid content (TFC)that was 13.9099 mg/QE. Finally, the pear extract was loaded on micro-emulsion, which is a thermodynamic stable preparation in order to increase the bioavailability and permeability through skin. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were prepared by titration method and plotted to identify the micro-emulsification regions. The micro-emulsion consisted of Isopropyl myristate (IPM) as oil phase, Polysorbate20 (Tween20) as surfactant, ethanol as Co-surfactant phase and the pear peel extract as water phase. Three regions appeared in the pesdo-ternary phase diagram. Those were the one phase micro-emulsion region, the two-phase emulsion region and the three-phase region. Micro-emulsion region occupied the largest area of the phase diagram.
Fruit peels are produced in enormous quantities as a byproduct of pear product to produce Arbutin, along with chlorogenic acid and rutin, it is one of the phenolic chemicals found in pear fruits and peels. In this research, we focused on pear peels since the pear peel is a bio-waste and a byproduct and we could achieve many objectives. Firstly, the pear peel is extracted by sonication method using ethanol 70% as a solvent, in which 50% of the extract was obtained. Secondly, The amount of arbutin in the natural extract has appeared in a high quantity according High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Thirdly, the anti-glycation production of extract was determined to be 18% at 350 ppm of the extract by using an in vitro glucose-bovine serum albumin (BSA) test. Then the antioxidant effects were evaluated and found to be between 32% to 39.7% using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging method. A Folin-Ciocalteau test was used to determine total phenolic content (TPC) which was 64.4 mg/GAE , and a colorimetric assay was used to determine total flavonoid content (TFC)that was 13.9099 mg/QE. Finally, the pear extract was loaded on micro-emulsion, which is a thermodynamic stable preparation in order to increase the bioavailability and permeability through skin. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were prepared by titration method and plotted to identify the micro-emulsification regions. The micro-emulsion consisted of Isopropyl myristate (IPM) as oil phase, Polysorbate20 (Tween20) as surfactant, ethanol as Co-surfactant phase and the pear peel extract as water phase. Three regions appeared in the pesdo-ternary phase diagram. Those were the one phase micro-emulsion region, the two-phase emulsion region and the three-phase region. Micro-emulsion region occupied the largest area of the phase diagram.