تأثير جائحة كورونا (كوفيد 19) على ظاهرة الجريمة في المجتمع الفلسطيني
Date
2021-12-27
Authors
باسل منجد عيسى الهواش
Basil Monjed Essa Al-Hawwash
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
جامعة القدس
Abstract
هدفت هذه الدّراسة إلى التعرّف على تأثير جائحة كورونا على ظاهرة الجريمة في المجتمع الفلسطيني، حيث اعتمدت الدّراسة لتحقيق هدفها على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وذلك لوصف نسب التغير التي شهدتها ظاهرة الجريمة خلال جائحة كورونا، وتحليل أسباب التغير سواء بالزيادة أو النقصان لعدد الجرائم. وتماشياً مع المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، فقد تمّ اعتماد الطريقة الكيفية في عملية جمع البيانات وتحليلها، وذلك من خلال الحصول على إحصائيات جهاز الشرطة الفلسطينية حول أعداد الجرائم الحاصلة في المجتمع الفلسطيني، وإجراء مقابلة واحدة مع اللواء متقاعد حازم عطالله، حيث تمّ اعتماد سبعة أنواع من الجرائم وهي: الجرائم الإلكترونية، والجرائم الواقعة على الأموال، والجرائم الواقعة على الأشخاص، وجرائم المخدرات، والجرائم المتعلقة بالعنف الأسري، والجرائم المتعلقة بالنظام العام، والجرائم المتعلقة بالآداب والأخلاق العامة. وقد تمّ تحليل تلك الإحصائيات والخروج بنتائج التغيير الحاصل فيما يتعلق بظاهرة الجريمة.
وقد توصلت الدّراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج كان أهمها ارتفاع ملحوظ في الجرائم الإلكترونية نتيجة للحجر المنزلي والإغلاقات التي فرضتها الحكومة لمنع تفشي الفايروس. كما أظهرت النتائج نقصان في أعداد الجرائم الواقعة على الأموال (السرقة) والجرائم المتعلقة بالنظام العام، والجرائم المتعلقة بالآداب والأخلاق العامة، وهذا نتيجة لانتشار وتواجد مستمرّ ومكثف للأجهزة الأمنية في شوارع المدن والقرى مما أدى إلى عدم قدرة المجرم من تحقيق غرضه. بالإضافة إلى ذلك توصلت الدّراسة إلى أن أوقات الفراغ التي شهدها المجتمع خلال الجائحة، أدّت إلى زيادة نسبة جرائم العنف الأسري والجرائم الإلكترونية.
وبناءً على ذلك، فقد أوصت الدّراسة عدة توصيات جاء أهمها ضرورة اهتمام أنظمة العدالة الجنائية بواقع الجريمة خلال جائحة كورونا من خلال احصائيات دقيقة. وضرورة زيادة انتشار الأجهزة الأمنية في ظل جائحة كورونا لتفويت الفرصة على المجرمين في ظل غياب الرقابة غير الرسمية. وأنه على المشرّع الفلسطيني اعتبار جائحة كورونا ظرف مشدد على الجرائم المرتكبة خلال الجائحة لتفرغ السلطات في مكافحة الوباء. إضافة إلى أنه على الجهات الرسمية إصدار إحصاءات تفصيلية عن جغرافية الجريمة ودوافعها خلال جائحة كورونا لرسم السياسات الوقائية. علاوة على ضرورة دعم الحكومة الفلسطينية للأفراد والهيئات الأكثر تضرراً من جائحة كورونا وخصوصاً العمال. وضرورة تحمل القطاع الخاص مسؤولياته الاجتماعية من خلال دعم المواطنين مادياً أو تسهيل الإجراءات كالبنوك وشركات الاتّصالات. وأخيراً إجراء البحوث والدّراسات حول السياسات الوقائية لمكافحة الجريمة استناداً لنتائج هذه الدّراسة التي بيّنت تأثير الجائحة على الجرائم.
This study aims at identifying the impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the phenomenon of crime within the Palestinian society. By means of achieving its objective, the study followed the analytical descriptive approach in order to describe the percentage of change in crime during the pandemic and analyze the reasons behind this change whether by an increase or a decrease in the overall number of crimes. Alongside the analytical descriptive approach, the adaptation method was introduced in the process of data collection and analysis by acquiring the statistics of the Palestinian Police Service with regards to the number of crimes committed in the Palestinian society. Seven types of crimes were appropriated, including: Cybercrimes, financial crimes, offences against individuals, narcotic crimes, domestic violence offences, public order offences, and offences against morals and decency. These statistics were analyzed thoroughly to deliver results of the change occurring with regards to the phenomenon of crime. The study concluded a set of findings. On the one hand, the most important finding was the significant rise in cybercrimes due to quarantine and closures imposed by the government by means of combating the virus. On the other hand, the study also showcased a decrease in financial crimes (theft) and those related to public order and morals and decency as a result of the heavy deployment and constant presence of the security services in the streets preventing criminals from achieving their deeds. In addition to that, the study also found that the increase in spare-time during the pandemic resulted in an increase in domestic violence offences and cybercrimes. Accordingly, the study came out with a number of recommendations. Amongst the most relevant was the need for the criminal justice systems to address crimes during the pandemic through accurate statistics, to increase the security services deployment during the pandemic in order to hinder criminals from achieving their purposes within the absence of informal surveillance, and for the Palestinian legislators to consider the pandemic an aggravate circumstance on the crimes committed for the authorities to devote themselves to combating the pandemic. Furthermore, the official bodies shall issue detailed statistics about the essence and drivers of crime during the pandemic in order to be able to draw preventative policies and measures. Moreover, the Palestinian Government shall support individuals and entities most affected by the pandemic; especially laborers. On top of that, the private sector, such as banks and telecommunication companies, shall assume their social responsibilities towards the citizens by supporting them financially or by means of facilitating their financial procedures. And finally, performing researches and studies on the pandemic’s preventative policies and measures based on the results of this study which demonstrated the impact of the pandemic on crimes.
This study aims at identifying the impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the phenomenon of crime within the Palestinian society. By means of achieving its objective, the study followed the analytical descriptive approach in order to describe the percentage of change in crime during the pandemic and analyze the reasons behind this change whether by an increase or a decrease in the overall number of crimes. Alongside the analytical descriptive approach, the adaptation method was introduced in the process of data collection and analysis by acquiring the statistics of the Palestinian Police Service with regards to the number of crimes committed in the Palestinian society. Seven types of crimes were appropriated, including: Cybercrimes, financial crimes, offences against individuals, narcotic crimes, domestic violence offences, public order offences, and offences against morals and decency. These statistics were analyzed thoroughly to deliver results of the change occurring with regards to the phenomenon of crime. The study concluded a set of findings. On the one hand, the most important finding was the significant rise in cybercrimes due to quarantine and closures imposed by the government by means of combating the virus. On the other hand, the study also showcased a decrease in financial crimes (theft) and those related to public order and morals and decency as a result of the heavy deployment and constant presence of the security services in the streets preventing criminals from achieving their deeds. In addition to that, the study also found that the increase in spare-time during the pandemic resulted in an increase in domestic violence offences and cybercrimes. Accordingly, the study came out with a number of recommendations. Amongst the most relevant was the need for the criminal justice systems to address crimes during the pandemic through accurate statistics, to increase the security services deployment during the pandemic in order to hinder criminals from achieving their purposes within the absence of informal surveillance, and for the Palestinian legislators to consider the pandemic an aggravate circumstance on the crimes committed for the authorities to devote themselves to combating the pandemic. Furthermore, the official bodies shall issue detailed statistics about the essence and drivers of crime during the pandemic in order to be able to draw preventative policies and measures. Moreover, the Palestinian Government shall support individuals and entities most affected by the pandemic; especially laborers. On top of that, the private sector, such as banks and telecommunication companies, shall assume their social responsibilities towards the citizens by supporting them financially or by means of facilitating their financial procedures. And finally, performing researches and studies on the pandemic’s preventative policies and measures based on the results of this study which demonstrated the impact of the pandemic on crimes.