إصابات العمل ومسؤولية التعويض عنها
Date
2023-05-08
Authors
أحمد عبد الكريم مصطفى شقور
Ahmad Abdul-kareem mustafa shaqour
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
تناولت هذه الدراسة موضوع إصابات العمل ومسؤولية التعويض عنها، من خلال دراسة نصوص قانون العمل الفلسطيني المتعلقة بإصابات العمل، والتعويض عنها، وتحليلها تحليلاً سليماً ومقارنتها ببعض التشريعات المجاورة، كالتشريعات الأردنية والمصرية. وكذلك مقارنة قوانين العمل بقوانين الضمان الاجتماعي أو التأمينات الاجتماعية، والتي نظمت جميعها أحكام إصابات العمل، وحق العامل المصاب بالتعويض، عما أصابه ولحق به من ضرر نتيجة لإصابته.
قسمت هذه الدراسة إلى فصلين أساسين، تناولت في الفصل الأول التنظيم القانوني لإصابات العمل، من خلال توضيح مفهومها وعناصرها، والالتزامات المفروضة على صاحب العمل تجاه العاملين لديه، وكذلك لدراسة أحكام التعويض عن إصابات العمل، وذلك من حيث أنواع العجز الناشئ عن الإصابة، والتي اعتبرها القانون مستحقة للتعويض، وكذلك وضحت أسباب سقوط الحق بالتعويض نتيجةً لفعل العامل المصاب أو نتيجةً لمرور الزمن.
كما خصص الفصل الثاني لدراسة مسؤولية التعويض عن إصابات العمل، وقد سلط الضوء في هذا الفصل على مسؤولية صاحب العمل، من حيث طرق إثبات وقوع الإصابة، وقيام المسؤولية حال تحقق الإصابة، ومن ثم توضيح نشأة هذه المسؤولية وحدودها في مواجهة رب العمل. وكذلك تناول في المبحث الثاني منه، مسؤولية شركة التأمين من حيث نشأتها وحدودها، ومن ثم توضيح فكرة التضامن الذي ينشأ ما بين صاحب العمل وشركة التأمين أثناء التعويض، كما تحدثت عن فكرة الضمان الاجتماعي كبديل عن شركات التأمين في مسألة التعويض.
وفي خاتمة هذه الرسالة، خلصت الرسالة إلى وضع جملة من النتائج التي توصل إليها، أبرزها: أن هناك غموض ونقص وثغرات في العديد من النصوص القانونية المتعلقة بإصابات العمل في ظل أحكام قانون العمل الفلسطيني، كما أشار إلى مجموعة من التوصيات لعلها تلقى اهتماماً لدى المشرع الفلسطيني، وكان أهمها: ضرورة إصدار قانون الضمان الاجتماعي والعمل بأحكامه.
This study dealt with the work injuries and the responsibility to compensate for them through the provisions of the Palestinian labor law that are related to work injuries, compensation, analyze it properly and comparing it with some neighboring legislation (such as Jordanian and Egyptian legislations), as well as comparing the labor laws with social security or social insurance laws which regulated the work injuries provisions, the injured worker's right to compensation for the harm he sustained as a result of his injury. This study is divided into two main chapters, in the first chapter, the researcher dealt with work injuries in their general framework by clarifying its concept and elements, and he clarified the obligations of the employer towards the workers in his establishment before and after the injury. The researcher also clarifies compensation provisions for work injuries in terms of 'types of disability' resulting from the injury that considered by the law to be entitled to compensation. He also explained the reasons for forfeiture of the right to compensation as a result of the actions of the injured workers or the passage of time. The second chapter of the study was devoted to survey the responsibility of compensation for work injuries, it also highlighted the employer's responsibility in terms of 'methods of proving the occurrence of injury' and 'the responsibility when the injury happens', and then, clarifying the emergence of this liability and its limits with the employer. The researcher also discussed the responsibility of the insurance company in terms of its origins and limits, then he explained the solidarity in compensation between the employer and the insurance company, he also explained the idea of Social Security as an alternative to insurance companies in compensation issues. At the end of this study, the researcher concluded a number of results that he reached, the most important of these results is: that there are ambiguity, deficiency and gaps in many legal texts that are related to work injuries in the Palestinian Labor Law. He also indicated a set of recommendations that can be of interest to the Palestinian legislator, and the most important one was the necessity of issuing the Social Security Law and applying its provisions.
This study dealt with the work injuries and the responsibility to compensate for them through the provisions of the Palestinian labor law that are related to work injuries, compensation, analyze it properly and comparing it with some neighboring legislation (such as Jordanian and Egyptian legislations), as well as comparing the labor laws with social security or social insurance laws which regulated the work injuries provisions, the injured worker's right to compensation for the harm he sustained as a result of his injury. This study is divided into two main chapters, in the first chapter, the researcher dealt with work injuries in their general framework by clarifying its concept and elements, and he clarified the obligations of the employer towards the workers in his establishment before and after the injury. The researcher also clarifies compensation provisions for work injuries in terms of 'types of disability' resulting from the injury that considered by the law to be entitled to compensation. He also explained the reasons for forfeiture of the right to compensation as a result of the actions of the injured workers or the passage of time. The second chapter of the study was devoted to survey the responsibility of compensation for work injuries, it also highlighted the employer's responsibility in terms of 'methods of proving the occurrence of injury' and 'the responsibility when the injury happens', and then, clarifying the emergence of this liability and its limits with the employer. The researcher also discussed the responsibility of the insurance company in terms of its origins and limits, then he explained the solidarity in compensation between the employer and the insurance company, he also explained the idea of Social Security as an alternative to insurance companies in compensation issues. At the end of this study, the researcher concluded a number of results that he reached, the most important of these results is: that there are ambiguity, deficiency and gaps in many legal texts that are related to work injuries in the Palestinian Labor Law. He also indicated a set of recommendations that can be of interest to the Palestinian legislator, and the most important one was the necessity of issuing the Social Security Law and applying its provisions.