دور التدابير الاحترازية في الحد من الجريمة البيئية
Date
2025-08-02
Authors
نبيل أحمد فياض عبد الهادي
Nabil Ahmaed Fiad Abdel Hadi
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
تعدالتدابيرالاحترازيةللحدمنالجريمةذاتأهميةفيحمايةالبيئة،والحفاظعليهامنالممارساتوالنشاطاتوالأفعالالتييقومبهاالأفرادوالشركات والمصانع، ممثلاً ذلك بانتشار الدخان والأبخرة التي تؤدي إلى التلوث،وهذابحدذاتهيشكلأضراراًجسيمةعلىالأفرادوالمجتمعات والبيئةمنجانب،وعلىالإجحاففيالتوازنالبيئيمن جانب آخر، ممايؤديإلى ممارساتترتقيإلى جرائمبيئية.
جاءتهذهالدراسةللكشفعنجانبين،فالأوليتمثلفيمجموعةالإجراءاتالاحترازية؛كحمايةالبيئةمنالناحيةالوقائيةوالعلاجية،وتحليلهذهالممارساتوالأفعالالتيتشكلجريمةمنحيثتوصيفهاوالتطرقإلى صورها،ولهذاتمتقسيمموضوعالدراسةإلى قسمين؛فالأولالوقائيالذييمثلصورتلكالجرائممنناحيةالتدابيرالوقائيةوالعلاجية،ونظامهذهالتدابيرممثلاًفيشروطهاوتناسبهامعحجمالخطر.
أما الثاني علاجي يتمثل بالتجريم والعقاب، حيث ركز على الجانبالقانونيالذيتمفيه استعراضالنصوصالقانونيةعلىعلىالصعيدينالدوليوالوطني من حيث التجريم والعقاب،والتيتخصالتدابيرالمتمثلة فياستقراءالنصوصالقانونيةالتيتتعاملمعظاهرةالأفعال والنشاطات التي تشكل خطراً وضرراً على البيئة،والتي اعتبرها المشرع جرائم بيئية.
وتوصلت الدراسة إلى نتيجة مفادها بأنّ الجريمة البيئية تعد من الجرائم التي يحرمها القانون الجنائي، وهي تتصف بأركانها وما ينطبق على الجرائم الواقعة على الأشخاص والأموال ينطبق عليها.
الكلمات المفتاحية: التدابير الاحترازية، الجريمة البيئية، الرقابة الفنية، الرقابة القضائية، تدويل الجريمة البيئية.
Precautionary measures to reduce crime are essential for protecting the environment and preserving it from the practices, activities, and actions of individuals, companies, and factories. This is represented by the spread of smoke and fumes that lead to pollution. This in itself poses significant harm to individuals, communities, and the environment, on the one hand, and to the environmental balance, on the other, leading to practices that amount to environmental crimes. This study aims to explore two aspects. The first is a set of precautionary measures, such as protecting the environment from preventive and therapeutic perspectives, and an analysis of these practices and actions that constitute crimes, describing them and addressing their forms. Therefore, the study was divided into two sections. The first is preventive, representing the forms of these crimes in terms of preventive and therapeutic measures, and the system of these measures, represented by their conditions and their proportionality to the magnitude of the risk. The second, therapeutic, addresses criminalization and punishment. It focuses on the legal aspect, reviewing legal texts at the international and national levels regarding criminalization and punishment. These measures are based on an induction of legal texts that address the phenomenon of acts and activities that pose a threat and harm to the environment, which the legislature considers environmental crimes. The study concluded that environmental crimes are among the crimes prohibited by criminal law. They are characterized by their elements, and the same rules that apply to crimes against persons and property apply to them. Keywords: precautionary measures, environmental crime, technical oversight, judicial oversight, internationalization of environmental crime.
Precautionary measures to reduce crime are essential for protecting the environment and preserving it from the practices, activities, and actions of individuals, companies, and factories. This is represented by the spread of smoke and fumes that lead to pollution. This in itself poses significant harm to individuals, communities, and the environment, on the one hand, and to the environmental balance, on the other, leading to practices that amount to environmental crimes. This study aims to explore two aspects. The first is a set of precautionary measures, such as protecting the environment from preventive and therapeutic perspectives, and an analysis of these practices and actions that constitute crimes, describing them and addressing their forms. Therefore, the study was divided into two sections. The first is preventive, representing the forms of these crimes in terms of preventive and therapeutic measures, and the system of these measures, represented by their conditions and their proportionality to the magnitude of the risk. The second, therapeutic, addresses criminalization and punishment. It focuses on the legal aspect, reviewing legal texts at the international and national levels regarding criminalization and punishment. These measures are based on an induction of legal texts that address the phenomenon of acts and activities that pose a threat and harm to the environment, which the legislature considers environmental crimes. The study concluded that environmental crimes are among the crimes prohibited by criminal law. They are characterized by their elements, and the same rules that apply to crimes against persons and property apply to them. Keywords: precautionary measures, environmental crime, technical oversight, judicial oversight, internationalization of environmental crime.
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Citation
عبد الهادي، نبيل أحمد. (2025). دور التدابير الاحترازية في الحد من الجريمة البيئية [رسالة ماجستير منشورة، جامعة القدس].