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- ItemTowards an entrepreneurial university model: evidence from the Palestine Polytechnic University(Springer, 2023-03-07) ibrahim M. Awad; Meera Kh. SalaimehThis study aims to introduce a proposed model for transforming the Palestine Polytech‑nic University (PPU) into an entrepreneurial university. Towards that end, a quantitative approach using statistical techniques of t test, ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Pairwise comparisons supported by explanatory and qualitative discussions were utilized. The main findings show that the applicability of entrepreneurship at PPU was relatively fair for the aspects of the compatibility of curricula with the labor market needs, com‑munity relations and partnerships, academic exchange, entrepreneurship culture, entrepreneurial education, and university internationalization. Entrepreneurship as a policy objective was moderately acceptable for university policies and regulations, scientific research and innovation, and university leadership, but the university environ‑ment was less than moderate. The findings also show that the university leadership acknowledges the importance of achieving entrepreneurship, while they pay insuffi‑cient attention to the academic exchange. Offering other supportive funding resources can accelerate entrepreneurship. Given that, this study is likely to provide a proposed model to transform PPU into an entrepreneurial university and effectively achieve the university’s pioneering vision that contributes to the university’s development and presents this model to the decision makers.
- ItemA comparative study for lead removal by pure calcite and a natural calcitic soil sample(Springer, 2023-03-05) M. Alkhatib; O. Ayyad; R. Tbakhi; M. QurieThe extent of removing toxic lead ions (Pb2+) from aqueous solutions was investigated using pure calcite and natural calcitic soil, one of the globally available soils, as efective inorganic adsorbents. The rate of adsorption of Pb2+ ions on pure calcite is much faster than that on the soil sample due to the presence of other metal ions on its surface, which block the active sites and retard the adsorption process. The order of adsorption on the soil was a frst-order reaction with respect to Pb2+ ions. The rate constant was calculated to be 0.1 min−1. The half-life time of the adsorption of Pb2+ ions on soil was calculated to be 6.9 min at 25 °C. The adsorption process on both solids fts well with the Langmuir isotherm but does not ft well with the Temkin or Freundlich isotherms. Maximum adsorption capacities were calculated from the Langmuir isotherm as 156 mg/g calcite and 74 mg/g soil at 25 °C.
- ItemMunicipal Organic Solid Waste to Energy: A Case Study of the West Bank-Palestine(Science Publishing, 2023-03-15) Iyad Abdul Jawwad Osaily; Husain Rashad Alsamamra; Jawad Hasan ShoqeirOrganic solid waste represents 50% of the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) composition in Palestine. MSW in the West Bank (WB) are managed by municipalities, Local Governmental Units (LGUs), and Joint Service Councils (JSCs). MSW are collected and transferred to the existing four landfills along the WB, there are no waste separation or recycling in Palestine except small projects and enterprises. The collected MSW reaches the landfills as a mixed wastes with the composition of metal, paper, glass, plastic, and organic wastes. The current organic waste treatment in Palestinian territories is represented by composting and biogas generation, the small pilot projects of composting that have been implemented facing problems related to quality, competition, and financing. Biogas production from organic solid wastes is also limited and concentrated in producing biogas from animals manure. New proposals have been discussed regarding solid waste incineration in the field of Waste To Energy (WTE) projects, except the composting and bioenergy there are no another treatment for organic MSW in the WB. This study ensures about the importance of the concept of waste separation at source, and to adapt the concept of WTE operations. Due to the high moisture content and high organic proportion in the MSW; bio-drying processes are valuable as a pretreatment stage for organic waste treatment. This study also highlights on the Refuse Derive Fuel (RDF) as a product of bio-drying processes that could help in organic MSW treatment.
- ItemClinical characteristics and outcomes of cystic fibrosis in Palestine: Cross sectional study(2023-03-01) Samya Salah; Nisreen Rumman; Amal Nassar; Maher Khdour; Hussein HallakObjective: To assess the clinical characteristics and outcomes of cystic fibrosis in Palestine by studying the quality of life (QoL) of participants. Method: This cross‐sectional study involved the application of Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire‐Revised (CFQ‐R) to participants attending the pediatric pulmonology clinic at Caritas Baby Hospital between January and May 2017. Health status was assessed by measuring pulmonary function test (FEV1), body mass index (BMI), age of CF diagnosis, and presence of other affected siblings or deaths in the family. Results: There were 77 participants from 58 families: 46.8% (36/77) were males, and 53.3% (41/77) were females. The mean age was 10.7 years (range: 0.5–36 years). The participants were divided into three groups by age in years: group I (< 6), II (6–13), and III (≥ 14). The highest and lowest CFQ scores were for the eating domain in group III (55.6 ± 22.5) and the body domain in group II (14.5 ± 17.7), respectively. Mean illness severity was 69.6% (range: 33%–111%). The mean BMI was 15.9 (range: 9.6–23.1). The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 4.2 years (± 6.3). The study showed that 1.7% of the families (1/58) had four affected siblings, and 21% (12/58) had death cases related to CF, of which 58.3% (7/12) were from the Hebron district. Finally, all parameters for CF participants in West Bank, Palestine were noticeably lower than those reported in other countries. Conclusions: This study illustrates the need for new therapies for CF participants in Palestine to improve QoL, health status, and longevity.
- ItemRAD: reinforcement authentication model based on DYMO protocol for MANET(Inderscience Enterprises Ltd., 2023-03-15) Rushdi A. Hamamreh; Mohammed R. Ayyad; Mohammed AbutahaAbstract: This article aimed to develop a new model based on DYMO protocol where a modification was proposed to route discovery and route maintenance processes. In route discovery process we made an authentication process between the nodes by using MD5 hashing algorithm, then we used reinforcement learning to improve the route maintenance process based on machine learning approach. At the end we used Diffie-Hellman key management to exchange the secret key to encrypt and decrypt the data between source S and destination D. When we tested the proposed protocol, the results show improvement in the performance of MANETs, despite the little increased in the end to end delay in comparison with DYMO protocol. This is due to the overheads in authentication and encryption processes.