الرؤية الامريكية للدور التركي في الشرق الاوسط بين النظرية والتطبيق (2001-2015)
Date
2015-12-27
Authors
حمودة محمد خليل الحوساني
Hammoudeh Mohammad Khaleel AlHousani
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
AL-Quds University
جامعة القدس
جامعة القدس
Abstract
This study seeks to analyze the American vision towards the Turkish role in the Middle East,
and the compatibility of this on reality in order to understand the fact of the roles of the
United States and Turkey in the fundamental issues in the region, such as the Arab Israeli
peace process, and the issue of war against terrorism, as well as the revolutions that has swept
the world such what is known in the term “the Arab Spring”. Furthermore, the Study seeks to
analyze the reasons of assemblage and the reasons of difference in the stances of both
countries with highlighting the future of the Turkish role in the region and its compatibility
with the American vision, and the extent of the association of this to the existence of justice
and development party in the Governance of Erdogan. The study also concentrates on the
history and nature of the American relations in the Middle East in general, and the Turkish
American relations in particular, as well as introducing the history and nature of the Arab
American relations to the reality of the Turkish stance towards the Palestinian Cause.
The study is aimed at analyzing the stance of the United states of America and Turkey
towards the popular revolutions in the countries of Arab moderate axis in order to fulfill the
purposes and objectives of the American stance which seemed different, but rather,
contradictory towards these revolutions and protests that has broken out in the countries of
the Arab moderate axis. These revolutions have raised the same demands and requests,
providing that these revolutions have happened in countries that are friendly to the United
States in the Arab Region, classified with the countries of the Arab moderate axis.
The limits of the study extended to include the region of the Middle East as a whole.
However, the time limits of the study is restricted in the time period 2001-2015. The main
question is “how did the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union as well as the events of 11th of September, in addition to the resulted changes in the American politics
towards the region which remained firm throughout the centuries after the Second World
War, influenced the role of Turkey and its strategic significance in the region?
Moreover, the Study has proposed the following sub-questions: how did the American
strategy developed in the Middle East before and after the Cold War and the events of 11th of
September? How did the Turkish strategy developed in the Middle East before and after the
Cold War and the events of 11th of September? What is the role of America and Turkey in the
Arab Israeli Peace process? What is the fact behind the Turkish and American stances
towards the issue of anti-terrorism? And what is the stance of America and Turkey towards
the popular revolutions?
In an attempt to answer these questions, the study has highlighted several hypotheses, most
importantly: the hypothesis that says: “although the end of the cold war, and the collapse of
the Soviet Union has made changes in the American Politics towards the region which has
remained firm throughout the centuries after the Second World War, which has reached its
peak after the event of 11th of September, Turkey has confirmed that its strategic significance
has not ended by the end of this war, which has been the spearhead in fighting the Soviet
Union, but rather, this significance has increased and developed”, in addition to the following
sub-hypotheses:
1. The end of the Cold War and the event of 11th of September has caused change in the
American and Turkish strategies in the Middle East.
2. The alignment of America with Israel has led to the stagnation of peace process in
terms of the Palestinian course.
3. There is a relation between the background of the Justice Party and the Islamic
Development and the absence of the Israeli trust as an intermediate in the peace
process.
4. The difference in the American and Turkish view of points in terms of the region
issues has led to the difference in the concepts of anti-terrorism.
5. The role of America and the role of turkey in the events of “the Arab Spring” have
met sometimes and conflicted other times.
The study is divided into four chapters. First chapter is a background on the study, the second
chapter revolved around the theoretical framework using a detailed theoretical study and this
chapter has also highlighted the importance of the Middle East Region for United state and
Turkey. Then the third chapter highlighted the American strategy in the Middle East before
and after the Cold War, and the events of the 11th of September, in conjunction with a study
to the American and Turkish relations and Turkish strategy in these time periods. The Fourth
and final chapter has highlighted the research that was carried out to the roles of America and
Turkey in the Israeli Arab peace process, and the stand point of other countries towards the
issue of terrorism as well as the views of America and Turkey towards “the Arab Spring”.
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مخلص الدراسة عربي
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Keywords
دراسات امريكية , American Studies