Agriculture Extension الإرشاد الزراعي
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- Itemدراسة واقع الزراعة البعلية في الضفة الغربية وآفاق تطويرها(AL-Quds University, 2009-03-30) محمد سعيد محمد عابد; Mohammad Saeed Mohammad Abed; ثمين هيجاوي; د. عزام صالح; د. توفيق القبجAbstract The current study has focused on rain-fed agriculture in the West- Bank, which is considered the dominant farming system in west-bank, and the total area of rainfed agriculture, reach up to 92% of the agricultural area. This study aimed to investigate the status of agriculture and the importance of rain-fed agriculture, and to identify the problems facing the rain-fed agriculture in the West Bank, as well as to study the socioeconomic situation of farmers in rainfed agriculture, and to determine the role of rural women in rainfed agriculture in all over the agriculture practices starting from planning to marketing. In addition, this study aimed to identify a proper solution and scenarios to improve the rainfed agriculture in the target area. A questionnaire was designed to achieve the aims of this study, the target farmers were selected from the registration in department of agriculture in target governorate in the studied area and study population were divided into four main work areas that the necessary data have been collected, through working with the extension units of the Agricultural Ministry during the year 2007/2008, and this study was designed according to, descriptive approach, which uses the method of interview with farmers, through a questionnaire designed for this purpose, the study was analyzed using the statistical analysis SPSS at the end of data collection. The results of study indicated the size of agricultural stockholder in the studied area in the West- Bank is limited, as it is 81% of the farmers own less than 50 donums divided to several agricultural units, and we found small holdings is one of the most important problems that facing rainfed agriculture. the results showed that rainfed agriculture farmers are old that 43.4% are older than 50 years old, their educational level was less than general secondary school ( 75% of studied people holding General Secondary School certificate or below).as well as the study showed that 65% of the whole families in the rainfed agriculture with limited demands on paid employment, and results indicate that Palestinian women play a significant role in rain-fed agriculture as 66.7% of women work in the field and do most of work in the processing of agricultural land, crop storage, farm operations and harvesting, while in marketing compared to other work is about 32%, Furthermore the results of the analysis indicated that the most important rain-fed crops consisting of: field crops (wheat, barley, clover) fruit trees (olive, almond, grapes, figs) and vegetables ( tomatoes, squash, okra). As the findings suggest that the most important problems facing rain-fed agriculture is the fragmentation of property, fluctuation of rainfall, the low level of technology, marketing problems, urbanization, and the problems due to occupation (in viewpoint of farmers), and the most important solutions suggested by farmers is to supply farmers with improved varieties, support agricultural production inputs, increase agricultural extension, land reclamation. Finally, the results of the highlighted study that: the size of agricultural stockholders limited due to the fragmentation of land ownership, but the promotion of agricultural و cooperative system, and an expansion of agricultural societies, will reduce the risk of this problem. Besides the rainfed agricultural sector, depends entirely on rainfall, therefore we must maintain the soil moisture, through the proper agricultural practices, such as: minimum tillage, terraces, and barriers to collect rainwater, especially in the mountainous land planted with trees. Moreover, the study summed up; it is vital to elevate the utilized technical and technological level in agriculture , harvesting and marketing. Besides, picking up the most appropriate rain-fed agricultural machines according to the nature of the region, through eliminating obstacles that limit the agricultural machinery usage which facilitates land access such as construction of agricultural roads