Agriculture Extension الإرشاد الزراعي

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Browsing Agriculture Extension الإرشاد الزراعي by Author "جواد وادي"

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    دور الارشاد الزراعي في مجال استخدام و ترشيد المياه الزراعية في قطاع غزة
    (AL-Quds University, 2004-08-08) محمد صالح يوسف أبو عواد; Mohammed Saleh Yousef Abu Awwad; جواد وادي; د. خليل محمود طبيل; أ.د. يوسف صلاح أبو مايلة
    Abstract Gaza strip is considered as extremely poor in its aquatic resources, and greatly depends on rain to substitute the underground reservoir. Agriculture is considered as the greatest sector of Gaza strip in water consumption, whereas it consumes approximately 77 million cubic meter yearly. On the other hand , the water in Gaza Strip is of low quality, due to high salt and nitrate concentration . However , the salt concentration ( chloride) ranges from 500 to1500 mg\L in many regions , while the nitrate concentration ranges from 200 to 500 mg\L . Due to the dangers of aquatic situation in Gaza strip, this study has been done to study the role of agricultural extension in the field of use and guidance of the consumption of water in agriculture , the reasons of weakness of this program, and to find the suitable tools in order to thrift and guide the water use in agriculture. The study showed that there is a defect in the agriculture extension system, due to many factors, technical, and institutional obstacles . The over lapping between the governmental and nongovernmental organizations play an essential role in impeding that work . There is a need to strengthen the relation between these institutions, and we need a united extension programmers where all the governmental and non –governmental institutions must be involved The study also has shown that most farmers depend on self-experience to determine irrigation time, and to estimate the required water quantity. Also this study has shown that there is lack in extension visits that agricultural engineers perform for the farm VIII promote their role in expanding their research training courses to the agricultural guides and the farmers to increase their ability and the extension staff to reduce water use and correct all the mistakes in the water use . The study emphasized the following : 1 - The importance of the role of Ministry of Agriculture in the field of agricultural extension . 2 - The need for training the new agricultural extensions in order to support the confidence between them and the farmers. 3 - It is important to provide guides with cars which will help them to arrive the farmers in their farms . 4 - Drip irrigation is the best way in irrigation all over the world due to its high ability to save a great quantity of water and for the best use of fertilizers. 5 - Irrigation in the earlier hours or the latest hours increases the value of the irrigation and reduces quantity of the wasted water caused by evaporation . 6 - The necessity of using moisture measuring devices to guess the water demands . 7 - The maintenance of irrigation pipes to limit extra use of water and to reduce the wasted quantity of water. 8 - The necessity of having agricultural policy to fit the water situation in Gaza Strip and to have programmers to re-use the treated wasted water in agriculture