(Al-Quds University, Deanship of Scientific Research, 2022-05-11) Yasmin Arda; Anfal A. Abu Hilal; Mohammad M. Herzallah
Background: Dopamine has been implicated in modulating reinforcement learning from positive and negative feedback. Enhanced dopamine levels are linked to better learning from positive feedback, whereas decreased dopamine mediates learning from negative feedback. Naturally-occurring variations in dopamine genes contribute to individual differences in reinforcement learning. Dopamine exerts its actions via proteins located pre- (D2 receptors), within- (transporter), and post-synaptically (D1 and D2 receptors) to regulate dopaminergic function.