Knowledge, Beliefs, and Practices of Self-Medication in Children by their Parents in Ramallah and AL-Birah Hospitals
Date
2023-01-03
Authors
Noor Ahmad Yousef Shamasneh
نور احمد يوسف شماسنة
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
يعتبر التطبيب الذاتي تحديًا كبيرًا للصحة العامة في جميع أنحاء العالم لأنه ممارسة منتشرة. يؤدي العلاج الذاتي غير المناسب وغير المبرر إلى استنفاد موارد الرعاية الصحية، والتفاعلات الدوائية، وزيادة المقاومة لمسببات الأمراض، وردود الفعل الدوائية الضارة التي تؤدي إلى دخول المستشفى. الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو تقييم معرفة ومعتقدات وممارسات العلاج الذاتي للأطفال من قبل والديهم في مستشفيات رام الله والبيرة.
هذه الدراسة عبارة عن تصميم مقطعي وبيانات مجمعة من 376 ولي أمر يعيشون في محافظة رام الله والبيرة ولديهم أطفال دون سن 12 عامًا. قيمة كرونباخ ألفا لأداة الدراسة هي 0.939. تم استخدام برنامج الحزمة الإحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية (SPSS- الإصدار 25) لإدخال البيانات وتحليلها، تم الالتزام بكل الاعتبارات الاخلاقية وتلقى الباحث خطابات موافقة من لجنة أخلاقيات البحث.
أثبتت النتائج أنه من أصل 376 مبحوثًا، كان أكثر من الثلثين من الإناث (71.3٪)، وكانت أعلى الفئات العمرية بين المستجيبين هي الفئة العمرية بين 30 إلى 39 عامًا (42.5٪). وأظهرت النتائج أن أعلى مجموعة من المبحوثين أكملوا الدراسة الجامعية (45.2٪)، تليها 29.3٪ من المبحوثين أنهوا المرحلة الثانوية، و96.8٪ من المستجيبين كانوا متزوجين و3.2% كانوا مطلقين. أكثر من نصف مجتمع الدراسة كانوا موظفين (52.7٪). كشفت النتائج أن غالبية سكان الدراسة استخدموا أحيانًا العلاج الذاتي (42.0٪) بينما 25.9٪ منهم نادرًا و19.8٪ من المستجيبين يستخدمون التطبيب الذاتي عندما تكون الأعراض خفيفة. استخدمت أعلى مجموعات المشاركين العلاج الذاتي
عند الإصابة بالحمى والصداع (79.8٪) يليه الغثيان والقيء (31.9٪) والسعال والبرد (26.6٪) ومشاكل أخرى (26.1٪) والإسهال (13.8٪) والجلد مشكلة (3.2٪) واستخدمت أقل المجموعات العلاج الذاتي عند وجود مشاكل في العين / الأذن (2.1٪). أظهرت النتائج أن 86.2٪ من المشاركين لديهم مستوى منخفض من العلاج الذاتي، و31.4٪ لديهم معرفة عالية بالتطبيب الذاتي، و53.7٪ منهم لديهم مستوى منخفض من الإيمان بالتطبيب الذاتي و59.6٪ لديهم مستويات معتدلة من ممارسة التطبيب الذاتي. أظهرت النتائج أن هناك أعلى دلالة إحصائية بين الذكور في متوسط العلاج الذاتي مقارنة بالإناث. بين المطلقين أعلى دلالة إحصائية من المتزوجين في متوسط التطبيب الذاتي وممارسة التطبيب الذاتي والمشاركين الذين لديهم عمل أعلى دلالة إحصائية مقارنة بمن لا يعملوا في متوسط التطبيب الذاتي ومعرفة التطبيب الذاتي (P < 0.05).
استنتجت الدراسة أن أكثر من نصف المشاركين يوجد لديهم مستوى عالٍ من المعرفة ومستوى منخفض من المعتقدات تجاه التطبيب الذاتي ومستوى معتدل من ممارسة التطبيب الذاتي.
الكلمات المفتاحية: المعرفة، المعتقدات، الممارسات، التطبيب الذاتي، الأطفال، الآباء، مستشفيات رام الله والبيرة.
Self-medication is considered a significant public health challenge around the world since it is a widespread practice. Inappropriate and unjustified self-medication lead to the depletion of healthcare resources, drug-drug interactions, raises the resistance to pathogens, and adverse drug reactions leading to hospital admissions. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, beliefs, and practices of self-medication in children by their parents in Ramallah and AL-Birah hospitals. This study is a cross-sectional design and collected data from 376 parents who live in Ramallah & Al-Bireh governorate and have children under the age of 12 years. Cronbach’s alpha equals 0.939 for the study tool. SPSS V25 was used for data entry and analysis. The researcher received approval letters from Research Ethics Committee. The results showed that out of 376 respondents, more than two-thirds were female (71.3%), and the highest age groups were the age group between 30 to 39 years (42.5%). The results showed that the highest group of educational level was university education (45.2%) followed by 29.3% secondary school education; 96.8% of respondents were married while 3.2% were divorced. More than half of the respondents was employed (52.7%). The majority of respondents has sometimes used self-medication (42.0%) while 25.9% of them rarely and 19.8% of respondents use self-medication when a symptom is mild. The highest groups of participants used self-medication when having fever and headache (79.8%) followed by nausea and vomiting (31.9%), cough and cold (26.6%), other’s problems (26.1%), diarrhea (13.8%), skin problem (3.2%) and the lowest groups used the self-medication when having eye/ear problems (2.1%). The results showed that 86.2% of participants had a low level of self-medication, 31.4% have high knowledge of self-medication, 53.7% have a low level of belief in self-medication and 59.6% have moderate levels of practice of self-medication. There is a higher statistically significant among males in the average of self-medication compared to females and knowledge of self-medication and domain as total (P<0.05). Among divorced higher statistically significant than married in the average of self-medication and practice of self-medication and domain and employed higher statistically significant compared to those who were not employed in the average of self-medication and knowledge of self-medication (P<0.05). There is a statistically significant difference among members who have a relationship with the children in the average of self-medication (P<0.05). Finally, the results showed there is a positive significant correlation between domain as total with self-medication, knowledge of self-medication, beliefs of self-medication, and practice of self-medication. The study concluded that there is a moderate level of self-medication among participants. More than half of participants have high level of knowledge and low level of belief aboKeut self-medication, and moderate level of practice of self-medication.
Self-medication is considered a significant public health challenge around the world since it is a widespread practice. Inappropriate and unjustified self-medication lead to the depletion of healthcare resources, drug-drug interactions, raises the resistance to pathogens, and adverse drug reactions leading to hospital admissions. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, beliefs, and practices of self-medication in children by their parents in Ramallah and AL-Birah hospitals. This study is a cross-sectional design and collected data from 376 parents who live in Ramallah & Al-Bireh governorate and have children under the age of 12 years. Cronbach’s alpha equals 0.939 for the study tool. SPSS V25 was used for data entry and analysis. The researcher received approval letters from Research Ethics Committee. The results showed that out of 376 respondents, more than two-thirds were female (71.3%), and the highest age groups were the age group between 30 to 39 years (42.5%). The results showed that the highest group of educational level was university education (45.2%) followed by 29.3% secondary school education; 96.8% of respondents were married while 3.2% were divorced. More than half of the respondents was employed (52.7%). The majority of respondents has sometimes used self-medication (42.0%) while 25.9% of them rarely and 19.8% of respondents use self-medication when a symptom is mild. The highest groups of participants used self-medication when having fever and headache (79.8%) followed by nausea and vomiting (31.9%), cough and cold (26.6%), other’s problems (26.1%), diarrhea (13.8%), skin problem (3.2%) and the lowest groups used the self-medication when having eye/ear problems (2.1%). The results showed that 86.2% of participants had a low level of self-medication, 31.4% have high knowledge of self-medication, 53.7% have a low level of belief in self-medication and 59.6% have moderate levels of practice of self-medication. There is a higher statistically significant among males in the average of self-medication compared to females and knowledge of self-medication and domain as total (P<0.05). Among divorced higher statistically significant than married in the average of self-medication and practice of self-medication and domain and employed higher statistically significant compared to those who were not employed in the average of self-medication and knowledge of self-medication (P<0.05). There is a statistically significant difference among members who have a relationship with the children in the average of self-medication (P<0.05). Finally, the results showed there is a positive significant correlation between domain as total with self-medication, knowledge of self-medication, beliefs of self-medication, and practice of self-medication. The study concluded that there is a moderate level of self-medication among participants. More than half of participants have high level of knowledge and low level of belief aboKeut self-medication, and moderate level of practice of self-medication.