Al-Quds University Digital Repository service

The Digital Repository Service is a secure repository system, designed to store and share scholarly, administrative, and archival materials on behalf of Al-Quds University community.

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Recent Submissions

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Combined Removal of Pemetrexed Drug Using Adsorption and Photocatalytic Degradation from Polluted Water
(SPC (Sami Publishing Company), 2025-08-15) Salameh, S.,; Abu Khalil, H.,; Alkhatib, M.,; Ayyad, I.,; Chovelon. J.-M.,; Ferronatoc, C.,; Ayyad, O.*,; Qurie, M.*,
Phenyl-substituted imidazoles, such as pemetrexed (PEME), pose substantial environmental risks due to their capacity for prolonged persistence within aquatic ecosystems. This study evaluates a combined adsorptionphotocatalysis approach using TiO2/UV-C for PEME removal, optimizing key parameters including pH (4.0–8.0), adsorbent dosage (0.125-1.0 g TiO2), and initial PEME concentration (25-200 ppm). The findings reveal optimal adsorption efficacy (92.6%) at a pH of 4.0, propelled by electrostatic attraction between protonated TiO₂ (Ti–OH₂⁺) and anionic PEME. Photocatalytic degradation further enhanced removal (98.7% at pH 4.0) through hydroxyl radical (•OH) generation under UV-C irradiation. The equilibrium data demonstrated a strong correlation with the Freundlich isotherm (R² > 0.98), indicating multi-layer adsorption on heterogeneous TiO₂ surfaces. Temperature variations ranging from 15 to 40 °C exhibited an insignificant impact, while elevated doses of TiO2 demonstrated a positive correlation with enhanced degradation. The TiO2/UV-C system has been demonstrated to be a scalable and efficient solution for PEME-contaminated water, particularly under acidic conditions, thereby advancing the application of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater.
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Transforming Education into Enterprise: The Mediating Role of Alertness in Entrepreneurial Mindset and Intentions among Students at Al-Quds University
(Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Studies (JEFMS), 2025-03-28) Bayyoud Mohammed; Awad Qasem,; Shanti Talal; Bader Mohammed
This study explores the impact of entrepreneurial mindset (the cognitive and behavioral aspects that drive entrepreneurship) and alertness on the conversion of education into entrepreneurial intentions (the intent to start a business after graduation) among university students. Focusing on Al-Quds University in Palestine, the research investigates how students' entrepreneurial attitudes, self-efficacy, and intentions are shaped by their educational experiences. Drawing on a sample of 511 students studying entrepreneurship, business management, or engineering, the study reveals that both entrepreneurial mindset (the cognitive and behavioral aspects that drive entrepreneurship) and alertness positively influence students' intentions to engage in entrepreneurial ventures after graduation. Furthermore, entrepreneurial alertness (the ability to recognize and act on opportunities in the environment) acts as a mediator between mindset and entrepreneurial intentions (the intent to start a business after graduation), enhancing the students' ability to identify and capitalize on opportunities. The findings underscore the importance of fostering entrepreneurial mindset (the cognitive and behavioral aspects that drive entrepreneurship) and alertness within higher education institutions to encourage students to transition from education to entrepreneurial action. This study provides valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and institutions looking to enhance entrepreneurial education and support the development of future entrepreneurs in developing economies.
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Reality of Financial Risk Management in Palestinian Hospitals: Case of “Al-Makassed Islamic Charitable Society Hospital”
(Zendo Academic Publishing (ZAP), 2022-08-09) Mahmoud Ooroubah; Faron Sama; Barakat Firas; Bayyoud Mohammed; Darwish Nidal; Sayyad Nermeen
This study aimed to assess the reality of financial risk management in Palestinian hospitals, using Al-Makassed Islamic Charitable Society Hospital in Jerusalem as a case study. A cross-sectional descriptive analytical design was employed. Data were collected from administrative and financial employees as well as patients through structured questionnaires. The results revealed a strong positive relationship between financial risk management and a hospital’s ability to maintain quality and safety of patient care. Employees showed moderate agreement regarding financial and profitability dimensions, while a high level of agreement was observed concerning the effects of financial risk. Patients demonstrated high agreement regarding the importance of economic factors and price suitability when deciding to seek treatment. The study concludes that despite Al-Makassed Hospital’s medical excellence and humanitarian mission, weak implementation of financial risk management contributes to persistent financial challenges.
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Econometric Analysis for Analyzing the Impact of Inflation and Exchange Rate on the Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Palestine
(International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope (IRJMS), 2025-04-30) Bayyoud Mohammed; Islam KM Anwarul; Barakat Firas; Nurjahan Monira
This study investigates the impact of inflation and exchange rate fluctuations on the financial performance of commercial banks in Palestine. Using econometric analysis, the research examines data from 13 commercial banks over the period 2013–2017, employing key performance indicators such as Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and the Liquid Assets to Total Assets (LATTA) ratio. The findings reveal a significant positive relationship between inflation and financial performance, indicating that Palestinian banks effectively adapt to inflationary environments to enhance profitability. Conversely, exchange rate fluctuations have a significant negative effect on ROA, suggesting that currency instability poses challenges to financial stability. These results highlight the need for strategic policies to mitigate exchange rate risks while capitalizing on inflation-driven opportunities. The study provides critical insights for policymakers, regulators, and bank managers, emphasizing the importance of financial resilience in an unstable economic landscape.
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Gender Differences in the Entrepreneurial Orientation Dimensions in the Middle East: Evidence From Palestine
(IGI Global, 2023) Darwish Nidal; Bayyoud Mohammed
This chapter explores gender differences in entrepreneurial orientation (EO) dimensions in the Middle East, using evidence from Palestine. Employing a descriptive quantitative research design, data were collected from 60 male and female entrepreneurs through a structured questionnaire. The study examines five EO dimensions: risk-taking, innovativeness, proactiveness, competitiveness, and autonomy. Findings indicate that male entrepreneurs demonstrate slightly higher overall entrepreneurial orientation, particularly in risk-taking, competitiveness, and innovativeness, while female entrepreneurs score higher in proactiveness and autonomy. The chapter also identifies major constraints facing female entrepreneurs, including traditions and customs, societal perceptions toward women, lack of funding, and legislative barriers. The findings contribute to gender theory and entrepreneurship literature and provide practical implications for policymakers and development institutions aiming to promote women’s entrepreneurship in developing economies.