Using DFT molecular orbital at B3LYP 6-31G (d,p) and B3LYP/311+G (d,p) levels and molecular mechanics (MM2) calculations of the hydrolysis of Bruice’s di-carboxylic semi-esters 1–5 several atovaquone prodrugs were ...

A number of marketed antibacterial drugs suffer several problems, such as bitter sensation and low stability which lead to patient incompliance. The prodrug approach is considered the most promising and extremely exciting ...

Based on stability studies on the drugs atenolol and propranolol and some of their derivatives it is believed that increasing the lipophilicity of the drug will lead to an increase in the stability of its aqueous solutions ...

The conventional old treatment method for cancer therapy is associated with severe side effects along with several limitations. Therefore, searching and developing new methods for cancer became crucial. This mini review ...

Prodrugs or predrugs are inactive molecules which become active after in vivo conversion to release the active parent drug. The prodrug’s cleavage can be catalyzed by metabolic enzymes or can occur by chemical means without ...

The predrug (prodrug) term involves chemically modified inert compound which upon an administration releases the active parent drug to elicit its pharmacological response within the body. For many years, the predrug ...

This review supplies the reader with a detailed overview on the utilization of intramolecular processes for a design and synthesis of prodrugs. It is well known that a respected number of drugs suffer from low ...

The efficiency of sequential advanced membrane technology wastewater treatment plant towards removal of amoxicillin and cefuroxime axetil from wastewater was investigated. The sequential system included activated sludge, ...

In this study, the stability of chlorpyrifos, a known pesticide, in fresh water and sludge was investigated. The results showed that chlorpyrifos underwent hydrolysis in both media to give two main metabolites: ...

The presence of an ionized carboxyl group in the widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) drug diclofenac potassium results in a high mobility of diclofenac and in its low sorption under conditions of slow sand ...