أحكام تربية الحيوانات الأليفة في البيوت في الفقه الإسلامي
Date
2023-08-26
Authors
حمزة حسن حسين البرغوثي
Hamza Hasan Albarghouthi
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
ان تربية الحيوانات الأليفة انتشرت في المجتمعات البشرية وخاصة داخل البيوت بنسبة لا يمكن تجاهلها دون الوقوف على الاحكام الفقهية الخاصة بتربية هذه الحيوانات.
هدفت هذه الدراسة الى تناول الأحكام الفقهية المتعلقة بالحيوانات الأليفة في بيوتنا خاصة وان هذه الأحكام والقواعد الفقهية مبعثرة في بطون الكتب الفقهية حتى يستفيد منها من أراد الرجوع اليها.
دراسة أحكام تربية الحيوانات الأليفة في الفقه الإسلامي وتحليل مصادرها الشرعية.
تقديم تصور شبه شامل للضوابط والتوجيهات الشرعية لتربية الحيوانات الأليفة والوقوف على بعض الانواع.
أن المنهج الوصفي التحليلي هو المنهج الملائم للدراسة، وذلك بالتطرق إلى كافة جوانب الدراسة، وتحليلها والأطراف المتداخلة فيها، وجمع البيانات من المصادر ذات العلاقة.
إن الغالبية من الفقهاء بينوا أنه ما لم يرد دليل على تحريمه فهوا حلال.
إن الإسلام حرم الاعتداء والتعذيب بكافة أنواعه وأشكاله ويعد الحبس للحيوانات دون أن يتعهدهـا مالكها بما تحتاج إليه من عناية واهتمام.
من ضوابط اقتناء الحيوانات الأليفة ألا يكون هناك ضرراً من تربيتها، وألا يكون الشرع قد حكم بنجاستها، فإن كانت نجسة حرم اقتناؤها، وألا يكون في اقتنائها تعذيب لها أو تعدي على حقوقها أو حبسها حبساً يضر بها، أو يؤدي بها للهلاك مع حظر تعذيب الحيوان، ومن ضوابط اقتناء الحيوانات الأليفة أيضاً ألا يكون الحيوان مصدر الهاء لصاحبها.
الشرع لا يكتفي بمنع المفاسد الواقعة على الحيوان بل يتعدى إلى المفاسد المحتملة.
وفى النهاية توصي الدراسة الاهتمام بوضع تشريع وصياغة مستمدة من الفقه الإسلامي، تنظم احكام الحيوانات الأليفة وحقوقها، ويحدد كيفية الاستفادة منها، وطرق التعامل معها.
Raising pets has spread in human societies, especially within homes, to a degree that cannot be ignored without examining the jurisprudential rulings on raising these animals. • Identify the types of animals, their categories, and their habitats. • Explain what God allowed and forbade, and that a Muslim shall only bring in animals that are Halal, and shall avoid interacting with what is not allowed. • Explain the implications of having pets in a Muslim house in terms of permissibility or not. • Explain the implications of having pets in a Muslim house in terms of reward and sin. • Explain the implications of having pets in a Muslim house in terms of benefit and harm. Among the most important findings of the study are: • The majority of the jurists have stated that what is not clearly forbidden is not forbidden, and what is not forbidden is permissible. • Islam forbids assault and torture in all its forms and methods, and keeping animals without fulfilling all their needs is a kind of torture. • Regulations related to keeping pets include that there is no harm caused in their upbringing, and that the Sharia has not ruled that they are impure. So, if an animal is impure, it is forbidden to keep it. There should be no harm in keeping the animals, and no torture or violation of its rights are made when keeping them. Animal torture is strictly forbidden. And among the controls for keeping pets also is that the animal is not a source of distraction for its owner. • Sharia does not suffice with preventing harm that befall the animal, but even takes into account any possible harm. In the end, the study recommends paying attention to the development of legislations and regulations that are derived from Islamic Sharia to regulate the provisions and rights of pets, and determines how to benefit from them, and how to deal with them.
Raising pets has spread in human societies, especially within homes, to a degree that cannot be ignored without examining the jurisprudential rulings on raising these animals. • Identify the types of animals, their categories, and their habitats. • Explain what God allowed and forbade, and that a Muslim shall only bring in animals that are Halal, and shall avoid interacting with what is not allowed. • Explain the implications of having pets in a Muslim house in terms of permissibility or not. • Explain the implications of having pets in a Muslim house in terms of reward and sin. • Explain the implications of having pets in a Muslim house in terms of benefit and harm. Among the most important findings of the study are: • The majority of the jurists have stated that what is not clearly forbidden is not forbidden, and what is not forbidden is permissible. • Islam forbids assault and torture in all its forms and methods, and keeping animals without fulfilling all their needs is a kind of torture. • Regulations related to keeping pets include that there is no harm caused in their upbringing, and that the Sharia has not ruled that they are impure. So, if an animal is impure, it is forbidden to keep it. There should be no harm in keeping the animals, and no torture or violation of its rights are made when keeping them. Animal torture is strictly forbidden. And among the controls for keeping pets also is that the animal is not a source of distraction for its owner. • Sharia does not suffice with preventing harm that befall the animal, but even takes into account any possible harm. In the end, the study recommends paying attention to the development of legislations and regulations that are derived from Islamic Sharia to regulate the provisions and rights of pets, and determines how to benefit from them, and how to deal with them.