هيئة مكافحة الفساد في السلطة الفلسطينية دراسة فقهية قانونية مقارنة
Date
2020-01-02
Authors
شروق محمد حسن فقوسه
Shurouq.M.H.Faqusa
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
يتمركز جهد هيئة مكافحة الفساد الفلسطينية في محاربة نوعين من أنواع الفساد، وهما الفساد الإداري والمالي، مما يجعلها والقانون الخاص بها قاصرين عن محاربة الفساد بشكل فعلي وواقعي، حيث قصر قانون مكافحة الفساد المعدل رقم 1 لسنة 2005 عن تجريم أنواع أخرى من الفساد والتي تعتبر السبب الحقيقي والمحرك الرئيسي للفساد الإداري والمالي، مثل فساد الإيمان، والفساد الأخلاقي، والفساد السياسي.
يقر قانون مكافحة الفساد الفلسطيني بعض النصوص والمواد القانونية التي توافق الشرع الحنيف في مضمونها، مثل نموذج إقرار الذمة المالية للموظفين والمسؤولين، والمواد القانونية المتعلقة بعدم رد دعاوى جرائم الفساد بالوفاة، وبعدم خضوع دعاوى جرائم الفساد للتقادم، ومحاكمة رئيس الدولة حال تورطه في جريمة فساد، ووضع القانون المذكور عقوبات رادعة لمرتكبي جرائم الفساد، بعضها مقر به شرعًا كعقوبة السجن، وبعضها مختلف فيه بين الفقهاء كعقوبة الغرامة المالية، ، كما أقر قانون الهيئة بعضًا من أساليب التحري الخاصة التي يبيحها الشرع في حال اقتضى الأمر، مثل عملية الترصد الإلكتروني، وعملية التسليم المراقب للكشف عن جريمة فساد.
خلصت هذه الدراسة إلى جملة من النتائج، أهمها أن بنود قانون مكافحة الفساد الفلسطيني المعدل في مجملها موافقة بشكل نظري للتشريع الإسلامي، ولكن ينقصها التطبيق على أرض الواقع، وإن الشريعة الإسلامية هي القانون الكامل المتكامل الذي يتوافق مع حياة الإنسان ويوفر له حياة سليمة خالية من الفساد والإفساد، بخلاف القوانين الوضعية التي يعتريها نقص كبير، والتي لا تطبق على أرض الواقع، بل وتحمي المفسدين فعليا وتتستر عليهم.
The effort of the Palestinian Anti-Corruption Commission is focused on combating two types of corruption, which are administrative and financial corruption, which makes it and its law fall short of actually and really fighting corruption, as the amended Anti-Corruption Law No. 1 of 2005 failed to criminalize other types of corruption that are the cause Real and the main driver of administrative and financial corruption, such as corruption of faith, moral corruption, and political corruption. The Palestinian Anti-Corruption Law approves some legal texts and articles that agree with the true Shariah in its content, such as a financial disclosure form for employees and officials, legal articles related to non-reimbursement of cases of corruption crimes by death, the failure to submit cases of corruption crimes to statute of limitations, and the trial of the head of state if he is involved in a corruption crime, The aforementioned law established deterrent penalties for corruption offenders, some of which are legally sanctioned as a prison sentence, and some differ in it among jurists as a financial fine, and the Commission’s law also approved some of the special methods of investigation that the Shariah permits in the event of need, such as the electronic surveillance process, and the handover process Observer to detect a corruption crime. This study concluded a set of results, the most important of which is that the provisions of the amended Palestinian Anti-Corruption Law are in whole theoretical approval of Islamic legislation, but they lack implementation on the ground, and that Islamic law is the complete and integrated law that is compatible with human life and provides him with a healthy life free from corruption Corruption, unlike the statutory laws that suffer from a major shortage, which are not applied on the ground, and actually protects the spoilers and covers them up.
The effort of the Palestinian Anti-Corruption Commission is focused on combating two types of corruption, which are administrative and financial corruption, which makes it and its law fall short of actually and really fighting corruption, as the amended Anti-Corruption Law No. 1 of 2005 failed to criminalize other types of corruption that are the cause Real and the main driver of administrative and financial corruption, such as corruption of faith, moral corruption, and political corruption. The Palestinian Anti-Corruption Law approves some legal texts and articles that agree with the true Shariah in its content, such as a financial disclosure form for employees and officials, legal articles related to non-reimbursement of cases of corruption crimes by death, the failure to submit cases of corruption crimes to statute of limitations, and the trial of the head of state if he is involved in a corruption crime, The aforementioned law established deterrent penalties for corruption offenders, some of which are legally sanctioned as a prison sentence, and some differ in it among jurists as a financial fine, and the Commission’s law also approved some of the special methods of investigation that the Shariah permits in the event of need, such as the electronic surveillance process, and the handover process Observer to detect a corruption crime. This study concluded a set of results, the most important of which is that the provisions of the amended Palestinian Anti-Corruption Law are in whole theoretical approval of Islamic legislation, but they lack implementation on the ground, and that Islamic law is the complete and integrated law that is compatible with human life and provides him with a healthy life free from corruption Corruption, unlike the statutory laws that suffer from a major shortage, which are not applied on the ground, and actually protects the spoilers and covers them up.