الضغط النفسي وعلاقته بتقدير الذات لدى الأمهات العاملات في القطاع الصحي في محافظة بيت لحم
Date
2023-06-12
Authors
براءة حسين يعقوب دعدوع
Baraa Hussin yakoub Daduo
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Al-Quds University
Abstract
هدفت الدراسة التعرف على مستوى الضغط النفسي وعلاقته بتقدير الذات لدى الأمهات العاملات في مستشفيات محافظة بيت لحم، ومن أجل تحقيق أهداف الدراسة قامت الباحثة باستخدام المنهج الوصفي الارتباطي، واختيرت عينة الدراسة بالطريقة القصدية، حيث تكونت عينة الدراسة من (250) أم عاملة ,واستخدمت الباحثة مقياس الضغوط النفسية الذي يهدف الى قياس الضغوط النفسية لدى عينة البحث، وهذا المقياس استخدم في دراسة (العامرية، 2014) . أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أنّه توجد علاقة عكسية ذات دلاله إحصائية بين مستوى الضغط النفسي وتقدير الذات لدى الأمهات العاملات في مستشفيات محافظة بيت لحم، حيث جاء المتوسط الحسابي للدرجة الكلية للضغط النفسي (2.98) و (46.3) لتقدير الذات، وتبين وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في مستوى الضغط النفسي تعزى لمتغير عدد الأبناء وكانت الفروق لصالح من لديهم عدد أكبر من الأبناء حيث كان مستوى الضغط النفسي لديهم اعلى ، ووجود فروق دالة إحصائياًّ في مستوى الضغط النفسي تعزى لمتغير الوضع الاقتصادي لصالح المبحوثات اللواتي دخلهم الشهري أقل من 1500 شيكل ، حيث كان مستوى الضغط النفسي لديهن أعلى ، وتبين وجود فروق في مستوى الضغط النفسي تبعاً لمتغير قطاع المستشفى وكانت الفروق لصالح من يعملن في المستشفيات الأهلية. أما فيما يتعلق بنتائج تقدير الذات فتبين وجود فروق دالة إحصائيّاً في مستوى تقدير الذات تعزى لمتغير عدد الأبناء وكانت الفروق لصالح المبحوثات اللواتي لديهن عدد أقل من الأطفال ، واللاتي كان تقدير الذات لديهنَ أعلى ، واظهرت نتائج الدراسة وجود فروق دالة إحصائياً في مستوى تقدير الذات تعزى لمتغير الوضع الاقتصادي وكانت الفروق لصالح من دخلهن الشهري مرتفعا حيث كان تقدير الذات لديهنَ أعلى ، وتبين وجود فروق في تقدير الذات تبعاً لمتغير قطاع المستشفى وكانت الفروق لصالح الأمّهات اللواتي يعملنَ في المستشفيات الخاصة يليهنَ من يعملنّ في المستشفيات الحكومية حيث كان مستوى تقدير الذات لديهنَّ أعلى. ومن جهة أخرى تبينَّ عدم وجود فروق دالة احصائياً في مستوى الضغط النفسي وتقدير الذات تعود لمتغيرات: العمر ومستوى التعليم والحالة الاجتماعية ، وخرجت الدراسة ببعض التوصيات مثل اهتمام المسؤولين بالأمهات العاملات ، وتحسين الوضع الاقتصادي واجراء المزيد من الدراسات التي تهتم بالمرأة العاملة مع دراسة متغيرات اخرى لم تتطرق لها الدراسة ، وعمل ورشات وبرامج ارشادية تساعد للتخفيف من ضغوط العاملات وخاصة العاملات في القطاع الأهلي .
The study aimed to identify the level of psychological stress and its relationship to self-esteem among working mothers in Bethlehem governorate hospitals. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the descriptive-relational approach, and the study sample was chosen by the convenient method, as the study sample consisted of (250) working mothers of the hospitals, and the researcher used the psychological stress scale, which aims to measure the psychological stressors of the research sample. The results of the study showed that there is an inverse relationship with statistical significance between the level of psychological stress and self-esteem among working mothers in Bethlehem governorate hospitals . Where the arithmetic mean of the total degree of psychological stress was (2.98) and (46.3) for self-esteem. An addition it was found that there were statistically significant differences in the level of psychological stress due to the variable of the number of children, and the differences were in favor of those who had a larger number of children, as their level of psychological stress was higher. As While it was also found that there statistically significant differences in the level of psychological stress due to the financial circumstances of the research sample whose monthly income is less than 1500 shekels. In regret their level of psychological stress was higher, and it was found that there were differences in the level of psychological stress according to the variable of the hospital sector, and the differences were in favor of those who work in private hospitals. In regret for the results of self-esteem, it was found that there were statistically significant differences in the level of self-esteem due to the variable of number of children, and the differences were in favor of the mothers who had fewer children, and whose self-esteem was higher. The study also showed that there were statistically significant differences in self-esteem due to the financial circumstances and the results were in favor of those who had a higher monthly income, and they had higher self-esteem. It was found that there were differences in self-esteem according to the hospital sector variable, and the differences were in favor of mothers who work in private hospitals, followed by those who work in government hospitals, as their level of self-esteem was higher. On the other hand, it was found that there were no statistically significant differences in the level of psychological stress and self-esteem due to the variables of: age, level of education and marital status. The study came out with some recommendations, such as officials’ attention to working mothers, improving the economic situation, conducting more studies concerned with working women, while studying other variables that the study did not address, and conducting workshops and guidance programs that help alleviate the pressures of working women, especially those working in the private sector.
The study aimed to identify the level of psychological stress and its relationship to self-esteem among working mothers in Bethlehem governorate hospitals. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the descriptive-relational approach, and the study sample was chosen by the convenient method, as the study sample consisted of (250) working mothers of the hospitals, and the researcher used the psychological stress scale, which aims to measure the psychological stressors of the research sample. The results of the study showed that there is an inverse relationship with statistical significance between the level of psychological stress and self-esteem among working mothers in Bethlehem governorate hospitals . Where the arithmetic mean of the total degree of psychological stress was (2.98) and (46.3) for self-esteem. An addition it was found that there were statistically significant differences in the level of psychological stress due to the variable of the number of children, and the differences were in favor of those who had a larger number of children, as their level of psychological stress was higher. As While it was also found that there statistically significant differences in the level of psychological stress due to the financial circumstances of the research sample whose monthly income is less than 1500 shekels. In regret their level of psychological stress was higher, and it was found that there were differences in the level of psychological stress according to the variable of the hospital sector, and the differences were in favor of those who work in private hospitals. In regret for the results of self-esteem, it was found that there were statistically significant differences in the level of self-esteem due to the variable of number of children, and the differences were in favor of the mothers who had fewer children, and whose self-esteem was higher. The study also showed that there were statistically significant differences in self-esteem due to the financial circumstances and the results were in favor of those who had a higher monthly income, and they had higher self-esteem. It was found that there were differences in self-esteem according to the hospital sector variable, and the differences were in favor of mothers who work in private hospitals, followed by those who work in government hospitals, as their level of self-esteem was higher. On the other hand, it was found that there were no statistically significant differences in the level of psychological stress and self-esteem due to the variables of: age, level of education and marital status. The study came out with some recommendations, such as officials’ attention to working mothers, improving the economic situation, conducting more studies concerned with working women, while studying other variables that the study did not address, and conducting workshops and guidance programs that help alleviate the pressures of working women, especially those working in the private sector.