Economics, Development and Management ClusterEconomics, Development and Management Clusterhttps://dspace.alquds.edu/handle/20.500.12213/612024-03-28T14:52:38Z2024-03-28T14:52:38Z111Examining the Long Term Relationship Between Crude Oil and Food Commodity Prices: Co-integration and CausalityIbrahim AwadGhaith, Ziadhttps://dspace.alquds.edu/handle/20.500.12213/8352022-01-19T20:01:15Z2011-08-15T00:00:00Zdc.title: Examining the Long Term Relationship Between Crude Oil and Food Commodity Prices: Co-integration and Causality
dc.contributor.author: Ibrahim Awad; Ghaith, Ziad
dc.description.abstract: Recently a new debate has started regarding food and energy issues because food has become an alternative source of energy and energy becoming the main input of agriculture. However, this study attempts to investigate the possible long-term relationship between the prices of crude oil and food commodities represented by maize, wheat, sorghum, soybean, barley, linseed oil, soybean oil, and palm oil. Time series econometric techniques (Unit root tests, Co-integration, and Granger causality) were applied. The study utilizes monthly data over the period of 1980 to 2009. The results of this study reveal that there is a strong evidence of long-term relationship between crude oil and the food commodities prices. A traditional Granger Causality is used to check whether causality exists between two product prices. The outcome suggests that there is unidirectional causality between the prices crude oil and some of the food commodities under examination.
2011-08-15T00:00:00ZFitting Variance Components Model and Fixed Effects Model for One-Way Analysis of Variance to Complex Survey DataEideh, Abdulhakeem A. H.https://dspace.alquds.edu/handle/20.500.12213/7842022-01-19T14:31:49Z2012-07-25T00:00:00Zdc.title: Fitting Variance Components Model and Fixed Effects Model for One-Way Analysis of Variance to Complex Survey Data
dc.contributor.author: Eideh, Abdulhakeem A. H.
dc.description.abstract: Under complex survey sampling, in particular when selection probabilities depend
on the response variable (informative sampling), the sample and population
distributions are different, possibly resulting in selection bias. This article is
concerned with this problem by fitting two statistical models, namely: the variance
components model (a two-stage model) and the fixed effects model (a single-stage
model) for one-way analysis of variance, under complex survey design, for example,
two-stage sampling, stratification, and unequal probability of selection, etc. Classical
theory underlying the use of the two-stage model involves simple random sampling
for each of the two stages. In such cases the model in the sample, after sample
selection, is the same as model for the population; before sample selection. When the
selection probabilities are related to the values of the response variable, standard
estimates of the population model parameters may be severely biased, leading
possibly to false inference. The idea behind the approach is to extract the model
holding for the sample data as a function of the model in the population and
of the first order inclusion probabilities. And then fit the sample model, using
analysis of variance, maximum likelihood, and pseudo maximum likelihood methods
of estimation. The main feature of the proposed techniques is related to their
behavior in terms of the informativeness parameter. We also show that the use of the
population model that ignores the informative sampling design, yields biased model
fitting.
2012-07-25T00:00:00ZGuidelines on Energy Consumption Surveys in the Transport Sector Experiences in Selected Arab CountriesEideh, AbdulhakeemEl Gemayel, ThereseAboul Hosn, Wafahttps://dspace.alquds.edu/handle/20.500.12213/7622022-01-19T12:43:59Z2015-07-01T00:00:00Zdc.title: Guidelines on Energy Consumption Surveys in the Transport Sector Experiences in Selected Arab Countries
dc.contributor.author: Eideh, Abdulhakeem; El Gemayel, Therese; Aboul Hosn, Wafa
dc.description.abstract: Introduction:
Data collection for the 2015 Energy Consumption Survey in Transport Sector (ECSTS) will be
conducted between March and May 2015, collecting data for reference year 2014. The goal of
the ECSTS is to provide statistical information about energy consumption, expenditures, and
energy efficiency in Egypt, Jordan and Palestine, in all modes of transportations, namely: road,
railway, maritime, and air. In addition, the goal is to link the resulted statistics to national
policies on energy production and consumption based on collected statistics.
2015-07-01T00:00:00ZIntegrated a GIS and Multi Criteria Evaluation Approach for Suitability Analysis of Urban Expansion in Southeastern Jerusalem Region- PalestineRaddad, Samerhttps://dspace.alquds.edu/handle/20.500.12213/8142022-01-19T14:04:22Z2016-05-01T00:00:00Zdc.title: Integrated a GIS and Multi Criteria Evaluation Approach for Suitability Analysis of Urban Expansion in Southeastern Jerusalem Region- Palestine
dc.contributor.author: Raddad, Samer
dc.description.abstract: Although cities cover only less than 1% of the land surface, 50% of world population are living in urban areas that include more than 70% of the economic activities and use 75% of the world resources. Population, economy, transportation, and policies factors are identified as the main factors that affect urban expansion and development, especially in developing countries. Political transformations and instability conditions are among the most important factors effecting social, economic, and environmental aspects in the world especially in the countries and regions witnessed wars and political problems. In Occupied Palestinian Territories (OPT) the rapidly growing population, limited available decisions of policy makers, and political instability played a main role in the Palestinian urban expansion and development. Therefore, this study aims to define the most suitable area that should be developed in the Southeastern Jerusalem Region (SERJ) living under political instability conditions. Integrated the Geographical Information System (GIS) with Multi-Criteria Evaluation approach (MCE) Conducted to find the potential areas to be considered as urban development areas in the region. The modeling and analysis indicates four suitable classes and areas: highly suitable, highly moderate, suitable, and low suitable. Suitability map of urban expansion and development shows 77% of the study area consists of low suitable areas that are distributed in north and east of SERJ. The Palestinian urban policy makers need to pay more attention to urban development and expansion in the Southeastern Jerusalem Region because these areas are so close to the Jerusalem city in the west, and it is the last pass-point in the west bank between the north and the south. Policy makers, urban planners, urban mangers, and people need to show more awareness towards the sustainability urban planning issues, especially during political instability stages. Principles of urban smart growth will be useful ideas for promoting the sustainability in the Palestinian urban environments.
2016-05-01T00:00:00ZTesting the Weak-Form Efficiency of the Palestinian Securities MarketAwad, IbrahimDaraghma, Zahranhttps://dspace.alquds.edu/handle/20.500.12213/8952022-01-19T21:28:26Z2009-10-03T00:00:00Zdc.title: Testing the Weak-Form Efficiency of the Palestinian Securities Market
dc.contributor.author: Awad, Ibrahim; Daraghma, Zahran
dc.description.abstract: This paper examines the efficiency of the Palestine Security Exchange (PSE) at the
weak-level for 35 stocks listed in the market by using daily observations of the PSE
indices: Alquds index, general index, and sector indices. Parametric and nonparametric
tests for examining the randomness of the PSE stock prices were utilized. The parametric
tests include serialcorrelation test, and Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root tests. The
nonparametric tests include runs test, and Phillips-Peron (PP) unit root test. The study
utilized nonparametric tests for investigating the efficiency of the PSE at the weak level,
especially, the results of Jarque-Bera test for normality showed that the daily returns of the
PSE are not normally distributed. The serial correlation tests and the runs tests both
revealed that the daily returns are inefficient at the weak-form. Also, the unit root tests
(Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root test and Phillips-Peron (PP) unit root test)
suggest the weak-form inefficiency in the return series. However, the PSE is inefficient at
the weak level; as a result, this is likely to be an evidence that the prudent investor who
deals with the PSE will achieve abnormal returns using historical data of stock prices, and
trading volume.
2009-10-03T00:00:00ZThe Intrinsic & Market Value of the Common Stocks: Evidence from Palestine ExchangeAwad, Ibrahim M.Murrar, AbdullahAyyad, Hindhttps://dspace.alquds.edu/handle/20.500.12213/9392022-01-19T13:25:59Z2012-12-04T00:00:00Zdc.title: The Intrinsic & Market Value of the Common Stocks: Evidence from Palestine Exchange
dc.contributor.author: Awad, Ibrahim M.; Murrar, Abdullah; Ayyad, Hind
dc.description.abstract: In analogues way to the sayings “What goes around comes around” the market price of the company stock’s is
closely related to its performance, the more optimistic, the more the investors will be and hence willing to pay a
higher price for the company's share and vice versa. Seamlessly, given that the goal of the firms is to maximize
the value of the shareholders, the more the intrinsic value of the company stock, the more market value of the
stock price, so that there is a positive correlation between the intrinsic and market value of a particular common
stock. This is founded in the first test of this study. Ironically, the positive correlation does not always imply that
the intrinsic value causes the changes in market value; that is, empirical results of the co-integration test of this
paper reveals that the market value is what causes the changes in intrinsic value, meaning that stock prices in
Palestine Exchange does not significantly depend on fundamentals, but rather on supply and demand forces,
other things being equal.
2012-12-04T00:00:00ZToward Efficient Management of Working Capital: The case of the Palestinian ExchangeAwad, Ibrahim M.Al-Ewesat, Abdel-Rahmanhttps://dspace.alquds.edu/handle/20.500.12213/8992022-01-19T15:55:58Z2012-02-28T00:00:00Zdc.title: Toward Efficient Management of Working Capital: The case of the Palestinian Exchange
dc.contributor.author: Awad, Ibrahim M.; Al-Ewesat, Abdel-Rahman
dc.description.abstract: The importance of this study comes from the truth that financial statements' users
need reliable, relevant, and useful financial information that should be reflected in
stock prices. However, this study aims at investigating current ratio, receivables
turnover, inventory turnover, and earnings per share for 18 companies listed on
PEX over the period from 2006 to 2011. Regression analysis and econometric
techniques of Unit root test, Co-integration, and Granger causality are applied.
The study outcomes indicate that stock prices of companies listed on PEX are
affected by working capital components. The results of traditional Granger
Causality reveal that there is no causal relationship between stock prices and
working capital components. In addition, there is a positive relationship between
CR and EPS and stock prices whereas there is a negative relationship between RT
and IT. The paper concludes that cash, times of receivables collection and
inventory turnover are necessary to be taken into account by both investors and
companies for improved the management of working capital at the PEX.
2012-02-28T00:00:00ZToward Efficient, Equitable and Sustainable Municipal Water Supplies for Domestic Purposes in the West Bank: A Contingent Valuation AnalysisAwad, I.Hollander, R.https://dspace.alquds.edu/handle/20.500.12213/9292022-01-19T13:29:20Z2010-05-03T00:00:00Zdc.title: Toward Efficient, Equitable and Sustainable Municipal Water Supplies for Domestic Purposes in the West Bank: A Contingent Valuation Analysis
dc.contributor.author: Awad, I.; Hollander, R.
dc.description.abstract: This paper is an empirical work dealing with municipal water services in the West Bank where the emphasis is put on the analysis of water management. Toward that end, the study used Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to estimate the Total Economic Value (TEV) of domestic water uses. The application of this approach consists of the construction a hypothetical market. The dichotomous choice with follow-up format question was utilized in developing the CV questionnaire; this elicitation technique was used to model Willingness to Pay (WTP) utilizing Tobit econometric model, binary-Logit econometric model and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). The estimated coefficients of the econometric models were utilized to determine the relationship between WTP and socioeconomic variables, Log- likelihood and adjusted coefficient of determination (adjusted R2). Furthermore, the marginal impacts of the coefficients of Tobit model were used to measure the elasticities of the coefficients of the explanatory variables. The CVM was applied to a sample of 520 households in the Ramallah and Al-Bireh governorate including urban and rural areas, and refugee camps. The face to face (in-person) interview survey was adopted. To assess the performance of water pricing policy, a questionnaire survey was directed to the personnel staff of water institutions. This method was administrated to a sample of 117 employees in the water institutions. Descriptive statistics enhanced by non- parametric tests were used. The main findings of this study were measured the WTP with key socioeconomic variables suggested by economic theory and CV studies including income, age, gender, location, educational level, employment status, family size, water consumption, and use of water filters. Also, the pricing policy of municipal water services was examined.
2010-05-03T00:00:00ZUsing econometric analysis of willingness-to-pay to investigate economic efficiency and equity of domestic water services in the West BankAwad, Ibrahim M.https://dspace.alquds.edu/handle/20.500.12213/9072022-01-19T12:52:47Z2012-10-07T00:00:00Zdc.title: Using econometric analysis of willingness-to-pay to investigate economic efficiency and equity of domestic water services in the West Bank
dc.contributor.author: Awad, Ibrahim M.
dc.description.abstract: The paper is aimed at providing evidence on economic efficiency, and equity of distribution of domestic
water services in the West Bank. The study utilizes the CVM as a means of monetizing public preferences
and households’ WTP. In the CVM questionnaire, the dichotomous choice with follow-up debriefing questions
format is followed by an open-ended follow-up question was undertaken. A second questionnaire
survey was directed to employees from water institutions, which was mainly designed to investigate
the reasons behind the full absence of private sector in the provision of water supply. The two samples
were selected to ensure a representative samples in accordance with the Palestinian case. The main findings
of this paper gauged the WTP with key socioeconomic variables suggested by economic theory and
previous CVM studies. These results provide information on economic efficiency and equity of water distribution.
The results will allow decision makers to develop new policies that can achieve more efficient
and equitable domestic water services.
2012-10-07T00:00:00ZWorking Capital Management, Liquidity and Profitability of the Manufacturing Sector in Palestine: Panel Co-Integration and CausalityAwad, IbrahimJayyar, Fahemahttps://dspace.alquds.edu/handle/20.500.12213/9372022-01-19T16:54:22Z2013-10-02T00:00:00Zdc.title: Working Capital Management, Liquidity and Profitability of the Manufacturing Sector in Palestine: Panel Co-Integration and Causality
dc.contributor.author: Awad, Ibrahim; Jayyar, Fahema
dc.description.abstract: This study aims at providing an idea about the directional effect of working capital management and liquidity on prof-itability and vice versa. Econometric techniques of the unit root tests, co-integration, and two-step Engle and Granger method with error correction model are all applied on a panel data for 11th manufacturing firms listed in the PEX over the period from 2007 to 2012. The findings show that there is a bidirectional causal relationship between working capi-tal management and profitability, and a unidirectional causal relationship running from liquidity to profitability. Ac-cordingly, the paper concludes, in its attempt to investigate the directional long run relationship between gross operating profit, cash conversion cycle and current ratio, that managers should concentrate on managing working capital effi-ciently in order to generate cash and profits to their firms, besides mangers of profitable firms tend to manage their working capital efficiently. For policy makers, this study, confirms the necessity of future researches about efficiency of working capital management, tradeoff between liquidity and profitability, and directional relationship of components of working capital management on profitability.
2013-10-02T00:00:00Z