الشواهد النحوية في سورة يوسف من كتب النحاة القدماء دراسة تخريجية, تحليلية, مقارِنة.

Date
2009-12-19
Authors
موسى محمد أحمد البرق
Musa Ahmad Mohammed Ameen Al-Barq
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Publisher
AL-Quds University
جامعة القدس
Abstract
The study cared for the Quranic grammatical witnesses taken from ((Surat Yousuf)) peace be upon him, which the ancient famous grammarians referred to in their books from the 2nd century AH to the end of the 10th centuries. It has given much attention in referring the pertinent issues of these evidences to (Sibawaieh’s) book where possible. Whereas much concern was given to the poetical quotations, the study aimed at tracing the Quranic witnesses from ((Surat Yousuf)) due to its richness of syntactical rules frequently used by scholars, and the diversity of its topics. It has also referred to the sayings of (Sibawaieh) in his book for the purpose of guidance, definition and explanation of the multiple grammatical branches, as his book is considered a feature masterpiece in the Arabic Syntax, and his sayings are taken for granted by the majority of prominent grammarians. The study followed the complementary, as well as the descriptive methodologies, in identifying (Surat Yousuf) with all its importance and particularity. It has also adopted the historical approach in gathering grammatical evidences from books written by ancient grammarians. It has also followed the analytical approach in understanding the grammatical evidences which grammarians mentioned, so that one can be acquainted with their indications. The study came up with many conclusions. One of which is that the ancient grammarians throughout ages have noticeably referred to the Qur`anic verses from (Surat Yousuf) more than they did with other (Suras). There are some syntactical issues that grammarians limited their reference to (Surat Yousuf) alone; such as when they refer to the omission of the (mudhaf) and substituting it by the (mudhaf ilayh). The omission of (mubtada’) or (khabar) and the (ma) of Hijaz, and so on. Other syntactical issues do not have any reference, except in (Surat Yusuf) such as: the verb (irtadda) acts in place of (laysa), and the exception with (haasha). Add to that, the numerous disagreements among grammarians which exceeded their agreements in extracting the syntactical witnesses in the (Surah). This has clearly appears in the first few verses of the (Surah). Moreover, the syntactical evidences used by ancient grammarians almost covered the different chapters and branches of syntax. E.g.: in the (marfoo’at) chapter, the evidences covered all its aspects except (isim al almushabbah bi laysa), and so is the case in other chapters. The study ended up with many recommendations. The most significant of which was the study of the grammatical evidences in (Surat Yousuf) which were not mentioned by grammarians, as the (surah) contains many syntactical evidences that have not been used by ancient grammarians. The study also calls for making an attempt in gathering all syntactical evidences in the Holy Qur`an as a whole, with the objective of explaining them in accordance with the well-known branches of the Arabic syntax, thus producing a reference encyclopedic work which will benefit scholars.
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Keywords
اللغة العربية وآدابها , Arabic Language & literature
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